(a) Except as authorized by the provisions of this section, a law enforcement agency may not share on social media the booking photograph of an individual arrested for the alleged commission of a minor offense.

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Terms Used In West Virginia Code 62-1-6a

  • Acquittal:
    1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
    2. A verdict of "not guilty."
     
  • Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
  • Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
  • Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
  • Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
  • Judgment: includes decrees and orders for the payment of money, or the conveyance or delivery of land or personal property, or some interest therein, or any undertaking, bond or recognizance which has the legal effect of a judgment. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Laws of the state: includes the Constitution of the State of West Virginia and the Constitution of the United States, and treaties and laws made in pursuance thereof. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
  • Offense: includes every act or omission for which a fine, forfeiture, or punishment is imposed by law. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10
  • State: when applied to a part of the United States and not restricted by the context, includes the District of Columbia and the several territories, and the words "United States" also include the said district and territories. See West Virginia Code 2-2-10

(b) As used in this section, unless context clearly indicates, otherwise:

“Booking photograph” means a photograph or still, non-video image of an individual taken, generated, or otherwise created by a law enforcement agency pursuant to an arrest or while an individual is in the agency’s lawful custody.

“Law enforcement agency” means any duly authorized state, county, or municipal organization employing one or more persons whose responsibility is the enforcement of laws of the state or any county or municipality of the state: Provided, That the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation and its subordinate organizations may not be considered a law enforcement agency for purposes of this section.

“Social media” means a publicly available Internet-based platform that allows a user to produce, post, or curate content and interact with other users via text, images, video, and audio, for the purpose of informing, sharing, promoting, collaborating, or networking.

“Minor offense” means an offense that:

Is a misdemeanor or nonviolent felony eligible for expungement as provided by §61-11-26(a) of this code, and not excepted from eligibility for expungement under §61-11-26(c) of this code: Provided, That, for purposes of this section, offenses under § 17B-4-3 of this code and misdemeanor offenses under § 17C-5-2 of this code, shall be considered minor offenses for purposes of this section.

(c) Exceptions. — A law enforcement agency may share on social media the booking photograph of an individual arrested for the alleged commission a minor offense, if:

(1) The individual is convicted of a criminal offense based upon the conduct for which the individual was in custody for at the time the booking photograph was taken;

(2) A law-enforcement agency has determined that the suspect is a fugitive or an imminent threat to an individual or to public safety and reasonably believes that releasing or disseminating the suspect’s booking photograph will assist in locating or apprehending the suspect or reducing or eliminating that threat; or

(3) A court of competent jurisdiction orders the release or dissemination of the booking photograph based upon a finding that doing so is in furtherance of a legitimate interest.

(d) A law-enforcement agency may not be subject to civil action or be held liable when the publication, release, or dissemination of a booking photograph was made by mistake of fact or error, and that publication, release, or dissemination was done in good faith.

(e) A law-enforcement agency that shares on social media a booking photograph of an individual arrested for the suspected commission of any crime shall remove the booking photograph from its social media page within 14 days upon the request of the individual who is the subject of the social media post, or that individual’s authorized representative, if any of the following have occurred:

(1) The criminal charge for which the booking photograph was taken has been dismissed;

(2) A grand jury has declined to return an indictment on the charge for which the booking photograph was taken; or

(3) A circuit court or jury has entered a judgment of acquittal on the charge for which the booking photograph was taken, or a court of competent jurisdiction has issued an order or opinion reversing, vacating, or otherwise nullifying the conviction for which the booking photograph was taken.