408.201(1)

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(1) With respect to an obligation on or a defense to a security, an “issuer” includes a person that:

408.201(1)(a)

(a) Places or authorizes the placing of its name on a security certificate, other than as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent or the like, to evidence a share, participation or other interest in its property or in an enterprise, or to evidence its duty to perform an obligation represented by the certificate;

408.201(1)(b)

(b) Creates a share, participation or other interest in its property or in an enterprise, or undertakes an obligation, that is an uncertificated security;

408.201(1)(c)

(c) Directly or indirectly creates a fractional interest in its rights or property, if the fractional interest is represented by a security certificate; or

408.201(1)(d)

(d) Becomes responsible for, or in place of, another person described as an issuer in this section.

408.201(2)

(2) With respect to an obligation on or defense to a security, a guarantor is an issuer to the extent of its guaranty, whether or not its obligation is noted on a security certificate.

408.201(3)

(3) With respect to a registration of a transfer, “issuer” means a person on whose behalf transfer books are maintained.