19 CFR 163.1 – Definitions
When used in this part, the following terms shall have the meaning indicated:
Terms Used In 19 CFR 163.1
- Audit: means an evaluation by CBP under 19 U. See 19 CFR 163.1
- CBP: means U. See 19 CFR 101.1
- Center director: means the person who manages their designated Center and is responsible for certain trade decisions and functions concerning that Center and the importers that are processed by that Center. See 19 CFR 101.1
- Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
- Duties: means Customs duties and any internal revenue taxes which attach upon importation. See 19 CFR 101.1
- Importer: means the person primarily liable for the payment of any duties on the merchandise, or an authorized agent acting on his behalf. See 19 CFR 101.1
- NAFTA: means the North American Free Trade Agreement entered into by the United States, Canada and Mexico on August 13, 1992. See 19 CFR 134.1
- Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
- person: refer to a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, or other entity or group. See 19 CFR 163.1
- port director: means the person who has jurisdiction within the geographical boundaries of their port of entry unless the regulations provide that particular trade functions or determinations are exclusively within the purview of a Center Director or other CBP personnel. See 19 CFR 101.1
- records: means any information made or normally kept in the ordinary course of business that pertains to any activity listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. See 19 CFR 163.1
- Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
- United States: includes all territories and possessions of the United States, except the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Wake Island, Midway Islands, Kingman Reef, Johnston Island, and the island of Guam. See 19 CFR 134.1
(a) Records—(1) In general. The term “records” means any information made or normally kept in the ordinary course of business that pertains to any activity listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The term includes any information required for the entry of merchandise (the (a)(1)(A) list) and other information pertaining to, or from which is derived, any information element set forth in a collection of information required by the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended, in connection with any activity listed in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. The term includes, but is not limited to, the following: Statements; declarations; documents; electronically generated or machine readable data; electronically stored or transmitted information or data; books; papers; correspondence; accounts; financial accounting data; technical data; computer programs necessary to retrieve information in a usable form; and entry records (contained in the (a)(1)(A) list).
(2) Activities. The following are activities for purposes of paragraph (a)(1) of this section:
(i) Any importation, declaration or entry;
(ii) The transportation or storage of merchandise carried or held under bond into or from the customs territory of the United States;
(iii) The filing of a drawback claim;
(iv) The completion and signature of a NAFTA Certificate of Origin pursuant to § 181.11(b) of this chapter;
(v) The collection, or payment to Customs, of duties, fees and taxes; or
(vi) The completion and signature of a Chile FTA certification of origin and any other supporting documentation pursuant to the United States-Chile Free Trade Agreement.
(vii) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Singapore Free Trade Agreement (SFTA), including a SFTA importer’s supporting statement if previously required by the port director or Center director before January 19, 2017, or the Center director on or after January 19, 2017.
(viii) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Jordan Free Trade Agreement (US-JFTA), including a US-JFTA declaration.
(ix) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Australia Free Trade Agreement (AFTA), including an AFTA importer’s supporting statement.
(x) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Morocco Free Trade Agreement (MFTA), including a MFTA importer’s declaration.
(xi) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR), including a CAFTA-DR importer’s certification.
(xii) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Bahrain Free Trade Agreement (BFTA), including a BFTA importer’s declaration.
(xiii) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Oman Free Trade Agreement (OFTA), including an OFTA importer’s declaration.
(xiv) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Peru Trade Promotion Agreement (PTPA), including a PTPA importer’s certification.
(xv) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Korea Free Trade Agreement (UKFTA), including a UKFTA importer’s certification.
(xvi) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (CTPA), including a CTPA importer’s certification.
(xvii) The maintenance of any documentation that the importer may have in support of a claim for preferential tariff treatment under the United States-Panama Trade Promotion Agreement (PANTPA), including a PANTPA importer’s certification.
(xviii) Any other activity required to be undertaken pursuant to the laws or regulations administered by Customs.
(b) (a)(1)(A) list. See the definition of “entry records”.
(c) Audit. “Audit” means an evaluation by CBP under 19 U.S.C. § 1509 of records required to be maintained and/or produced by persons listed in § 163.2, or pursuant to other applicable laws or regulations administered by CBP, for the purpose of furthering any investigation or review conducted to: ascertain the correctness of any entry; determine the liability of any person for duties, taxes, and fees due, or revenue due, or which may be due the United States; determine liability for fines, penalties, and forfeitures; ensure compliance with the laws of the United States administered by CBP; or determine that information submitted or required is accurate, complete, and in accordance with any laws and regulations administered or enforced by CBP. An audit does not include a quantity verification for a customs bonded warehouse or general purpose foreign trade zone. An audit may be as extensive or simple as CBP determines is warranted to achieve the audit’s purpose under applicable laws and regulations.
(d) Certified recordkeeper. A “certified recordkeeper” is a person who is required to keep records under this chapter and who is a participant in the Recordkeeping Compliance Program provided for in § 163.12.
(e) Entry records/(a)(1)(A) list. The terms “entry records” and “(a)(1)(A) list” refer to records required by law or regulation for the entry of merchandise (whether or not Customs required their presentation at the time of entry). The (a)(1)(A) list is contained in the Appendix to this part.
(f) Inquiry. An “inquiry” is any formal or informal procedure, other than an investigation, through which a request for information is made by a Customs officer.
(g) Original. The term “original”, when used in the context of maintenance of records, has reference to records that are in the condition in which they were made or received by the person responsible for maintaining the records pursuant to 19 U.S.C. § 1508 and the provisions of this chapter, including records consisting of the following:
(1) Electronic information which was used to develop other electronic records or paper documents;
(2) Electronic information which is in a readable format such as a facsimile paper format or an electronic or hardcopy spreadsheet;
(3) In the case of a paper record that is part of a multi-part form where all parts of the form are made by the same impression, one of the carbon-copy parts or a facsimile copy or photocopy of one of the parts; and
(4) A copy of a record that was provided to another government agency which retained it, provided that, if required by Customs, a signed statement accompanies the copy certifying it to be a true copy of the record provided to the other government agency.
(h) Party/person. The terms “party” and “person” refer to a natural person, corporation, partnership, association, or other entity or group.
(i) Summons. “Summons” means any summons issued under this part that requires the production of records or the giving of testimony, or both.
(j) Technical data. “Technical data” are records which include diagrams and other data with regard to a business or an engineering or exploration operation, whether conducted inside or outside the United States, and whether on paper, cards, photographs, blueprints, tapes, microfiche, film, or other media or in electronic or magnetic storage.
(k) Third-party recordkeeper. “Third-party recordkeeper” means any attorney, any accountant or any customs broker other than a customs broker who is the importer of record on an entry.