Terms Used In California Evidence Code 1031

• member of the clergy: means a priest, minister, religious practitioner, or similar functionary of a church or of a religious denomination or religious organization. See California Evidence Code 1030
• penitential communication: means a communication made in confidence, in the presence of no third person so far as the penitent is aware, to a member of the clergy who, in the course of the discipline or practice of the clergy member's church, denomination, or organization, is authorized or accustomed to hear those communications and, under the discipline or tenets of his or her church, denomination, or organization, has a duty to keep those communications secret. See California Evidence Code 1032
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, limited liability company, or public entity. See California Evidence Code 175