Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 750 > Act 328 of 1931 > Chapter VII - Aircraft and Aeronautics

• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Aeronaut: includes aviator, pilot, balloonist, and every other person having any part in the operation of aircraft while in flight. See Michigan Laws 750.43
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Agent: means a person that buys, receives, sells, exchanges, negotiates, or solicits the sale, resale, exchange, or transfer of 1 or more animals for or on behalf of another person. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Agricultural product: means any agricultural commodity or product, whether raw or processed, including any commodity or product derived from livestock that is marketed for human or livestock use or consumption. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Aquacultural products: means any products, coproducts, or by-products of aquaculture species. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture: means the commercial husbandry of aquaculture species on the approved list of aquaculture species, including, but not limited to, the culturing, producing, growing, using, propagating, harvesting, transporting, importing, exporting, or marketing of aquacultural products under an appropriate permit or registration. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture facility: means a farm or farm operation engaged in any aspect of aquaculture in privately controlled waters capable of holding all life stages of aquaculture species with a barrier or enclosure to prevent their escape into waters of the state. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture facility registration: means a registration issued by the director allowing a facility to engage in aquaculture. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture research permit: means a permit issued by the director to researchers to study and culture aquaculture species not included on the approved list of aquaculture species for the evaluation of aquacultural potential and to provide a scientific basis for including the aquaculture species on the approved list. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture species: means aquatic animal organisms including, but not limited to, fish, crustaceans, mollusks, reptiles, or amphibians reared or cultured under controlled conditions in an aquaculture facility. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Aquaculture species: means aquatic animal organisms, including, but not limited to, fish, crustaceans, mollusks, reptiles, or amphibians, reared or cultured under controlled conditions for commercial aquaculture or the pet trade. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Aquaculturist: means a person involved in or engaged in any aspect of aquaculture. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Bee disease: means American or European foulbrood, sacbrood, bee paralysis, parasites of bees, or other disease or abnormal condition of the egg, larval, pupal, or adult stages of bees. See Michigan Laws 286.801
• Bees: means any life stage of the common honey bee, Apis mellifera L. See Michigan Laws 286.801
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Board: means the rural development fund board established in section 3. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Broker: means to engage or participate in the marketing of industrial hemp by acting as an intermediary or negotiator between prospective buyers and sellers. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• broker: means a person that, as a principal or agent, engages in the business of buying, receiving, selling, exchanging, buying for slaughter, negotiating, or soliciting sale, resale, exchange, transportation, or transfer of animals. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Buying station: means a facility or location where livestock are congregated and purchased by the owner or agent of the facility or location for movement or sale. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Cannabis: means the plant Cannabis sativa L. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• certified: means a determination made by a registered certifying agent that an agricultural product has been produced and handled in compliance with the Michigan organic standards. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Certifying agent: means an entity registered by the department that certifies production or handling operations or portions of production or handling operations as meeting the Michigan organic standards. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Collection point: means a facility or location where livestock are congregated by the owner or agent of the facility or location for transfer or movement. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Commingling: means the mixing together of or physical contact between unpackaged organic products and nonorganic agricultural products during production or handling. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Commission: means the commission of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Confinement research facility: means a facility holding an aquaculture research permit, enclosed in a secure structure, and separated from other aquaculture facilities and in which aquaculture species are isolated and maintained in complete and continuous confinement to prevent their escape into the environment and to prevent the release of any possible pathogens into the environment. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Dangerous animal: means a dog or other animal that bites or attacks a person, or a dog that bites or attacks and causes serious injury or death to another dog while the other dog is on the property or under the control of its owner. See Michigan Laws 287.321
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Department: means the Michigan department of agriculture. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Department: means the Michigan department of agriculture. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Department: means the department of agriculture. See Michigan Laws 287.111
• Department: means the department of agriculture and rural development. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Department: means the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 287.251
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Director: means the director of the department of agriculture. See Michigan Laws 286.801
• Director: means the director of the department, or his or her designee. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Director: means the director of the Michigan department of agriculture or his or her designee. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Director: means the director of the department or his or her designee. See Michigan Laws 286.903
• Director: means the director of the department. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Director: means the director of the department or his or her authorized representative. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 287.251
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• farm operation: means those terms as defined in the Michigan right to farm act, 1981 PA 93, MCL 286. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• felony: when used in this act, shall be construed to mean an offense for which the offender, on conviction may be punished by death, or by imprisonment in state prison. See Michigan Laws 750.7
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fund: means the rural development fund created in section 5. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Genetically engineered: refers to an organism whose genome, chromosomal or extrachromosomal, is modified permanently and heritably using recombinant nucleic acid techniques, or the progeny thereof. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• GPS coordinates: means latitude and longitude coordinates derived from a global positioning system. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Grow: means to plant, propagate, grow, cultivate, or harvest live plants or viable seeds. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Grower: means a person registered by the department under this act to grow industrial hemp. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Handle: means to possess, store, or transport industrial hemp on premises owned, operated, or controlled by a registered grower or licensed processor-handler. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Handle: means to sell, process, or package agricultural products. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• Handler: means any person engaged in the business of handling agricultural products as organic products including producers who handle crops or livestock of their own production. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• Handling operation: means any operation or portion of an operation that sells, transports, receives, or otherwise acquires agricultural products as organic products and processes, packages, or stores such organic products. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Industrial hemp: means that term as defined in section 3 of the Michigan Regulation and Taxation of Marihuana Act, 2018 IL 1, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Ionizing radiation: means gamma-ray emissions from radioactive isotopes such as cobalt-60 or cesium-137; x-rays; electron beams; or any other radiation capable of altering a food's molecular structure, used for purposes that include, but are not limited to, controlling microbes, pathogens, parasites, and pests in food, preserving a food, or inhibiting physiological processes such as sprouting or ripening. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Labeling: means all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter upon an article or any of its containers or wrappers or accompanying the article. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• Land-based industries: means food and agriculture, forestry, mining, oil and gas production, and tourism. See Michigan Laws 286.942
• Law enforcement officer: means a person appointed by the state or a local governmental unit who is responsible for the enforcement of the criminal laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Licensee: means a person holding a license issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Licensing and registration fund: means the industrial hemp licensing and registration fund created in section 5. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Livestock: means any cattle, sheep, goat, swine, poultry, captive cervidae, ratites, or equine animals used for food, fiber, feed, or other agricultural based consumer products, wild or domesticated game, or other nonplant life including fish or bees. See Michigan Laws 286.905
• livestock: includes horses, ponies, mules, cattle, calves, swine, sheep, poultry, privately owned cervids, ratites, aquaculture species, and goats. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Livestock: means cattle, swine, sheep, goats, or poultry located in this state. See Michigan Laws 287.251
• Livestock: means animals used for human food and fiber or animals used for service to human beings. See Michigan Laws 287.321
• Livestock auction: means a livestock congregation point where livestock are accepted on consignment and the auction method is used in the marketing of livestock. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Livestock trucker: means a person, not otherwise licensed under this act, that engages in the business of transporting livestock not owned by the person, or the person's employer, from 1 premises to another. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• Market: means to promote or sell industrial hemp or an industrial hemp commodity or product. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Michigan organic standards: means those organic production and handling standards defined by this act, rules adopted under this act, or both, that are designed to combine organic production or handling practices and an audit trail that will ensure the integrity of organic products from the producer to the consumer. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Organic: means a labeling term referring to an agricultural product produced in accordance with the standards described in this act, rules adopted under this act, or both. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Organic advisory committee: means the committee created under section 25. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Organic product: means agricultural products including, but not limited to, crops, livestock, livestock products, or other agricultural products that are produced organically for human or livestock use or consumption. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means a person who owns or harbors a dog or other animal. See Michigan Laws 287.321
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Passenger: means any person not the pilot or member of the crew of any aircraft. See Michigan Laws 750.43
• Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Person: means an individual, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association, joint venture, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Person: means an individual, group of individuals, contractor, corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, cooperative, community supported agricultural entity, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 287.121
• person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Plot: means a contiguous area in a field, greenhouse, or indoor growing structure containing the same variety of industrial hemp throughout the area. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• Privately controlled waters: means waters controlled within ponds, vats, raceways, tanks, and any other indoor or outdoor structure wholly within or on land owned or leased by an aquaculturist and used with an aquaculture facility or confinement research facility. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Process: means to convert raw industrial hemp into a marketable form. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Processing: means processes that include, but are not limited to, cooking, baking, heating, drying, mixing, grinding, churning, separating, extracting, cutting, fermenting, eviscerating, preserving, dehydrating, freezing, or other manufacturing process and includes the packaging, canning, jarring, or otherwise enclosing of food in a container. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Processor-handler: means a person licensed by the department under this act to process, handle, broker, or market industrial hemp. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Producer: means a person who engages in the business of growing or producing agricultural products. See Michigan Laws 286.907
• Program: means the industrial hemp licensing and registration program established by this act. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Recombinant nucleic acid techniques: means laboratory techniques through which genetic material is isolated and manipulated in vitro and then inserted into an organism. See Michigan Laws 286.872
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Research fund: means the industrial hemp research and development fund created in section 4. See Michigan Laws 286.842
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Riding stable: means any establishment in which, for business purposes, 6 or more horses or ponies are rented, hired, or loaned for riding. See Michigan Laws 287.111
• Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). ^{Source: OCC}
• Sales barn: means any establishment where horses or ponies owned by others are sold or offered for sale. See Michigan Laws 287.111
• seal: shall be construed to include any of the following: