Montana Code 49-2-303. Discrimination in employment
49-2-303. Discrimination in employment. (1) It is an unlawful discriminatory practice for:
Terms Used In Montana Code 49-2-303
- Age: means number of years since birth. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
- Employee: means an individual employed by an employer. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Employer: means an employer of one or more persons or an agent of the employer but does not include a fraternal, charitable, or religious association or corporation if the association or corporation is not organized either for private profit or to provide accommodations or services that are available on a nonmembership basis. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Employment agency: means a person undertaking to procure employees or opportunities to work. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Labor organization: means an organization or an agent of an organization organized for the purpose, in whole or in part, of collective bargaining, of dealing with employers concerning grievances or terms or conditions of employment, or of other mutual aid and protection of employees. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- National origin: means ancestry. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Organization: means a corporation, association, or any other legal or commercial entity that engages in advocacy of, enforcement of, or compliance with legal interests affected by this chapter. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Person: means one or more individuals, labor unions, partnerships, associations, corporations, legal representatives, mutual companies, joint-stock companies, trusts, unincorporated employees' associations, employers, employment agencies, organizations, or labor organizations. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Physical or mental disability: means :
(i)a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of a person's major life activities;
(ii)a record of such an impairment; or
(iii)a condition regarded as such an impairment. See Montana Code 49-2-101
- Sex: has the meaning provided in 1-1-201. See Montana Code 49-2-101
(a)an employer to refuse employment to a person, to bar a person from employment, or to discriminate against a person in compensation or in a term, condition, or privilege of employment because of race, creed, religion, color, or national origin or because of age, physical or mental disability, marital status, or sex when the reasonable demands of the position do not require an age, physical or mental disability, marital status, or sex distinction;
(b)a labor organization or joint labor management committee controlling apprenticeship to exclude or expel any person from its membership or from an apprenticeship or training program or to discriminate in any way against a member of or an applicant to the labor organization or an employer or employee because of race, creed, religion, color, or national origin or because of age, physical or mental disability, marital status, or sex when the reasonable demands of the program do not require an age, physical or mental disability, marital status, or sex distinction;
(c)an employer or employment agency to print or circulate or cause to be printed or circulated a statement, advertisement, or publication or to use an employment application that expresses, directly or indirectly, a limitation, specification, or discrimination as to sex, marital status, age, physical or mental disability, race, creed, religion, color, or national origin or an intent to make the limitation, unless based upon a bona fide occupational qualification;
(d)an employment agency to fail or refuse to refer for employment, to classify, or otherwise to discriminate against any individual because of sex, marital status, age, physical or mental disability, race, creed, religion, color, or national origin, unless based upon a bona fide occupational qualification.
(2)The exceptions permitted in subsection (1) based on bona fide occupational qualifications must be strictly construed.
(3)Compliance with 2-2-302 and 2-2-303, which prohibit nepotism in public agencies, may not be construed as a violation of this section.
(4)The application of a hiring preference, as provided for in 2-18-111 and 18-1-110, may not be construed to be a violation of this section.
(5)It is not a violation of the prohibition against marital status discrimination in this section:
(a)for an employer or labor organization to provide greater or additional contributions to a bona fide group insurance plan for employees with dependents than to those employees without dependents or with fewer dependents; or
(b)for an employer to employ or offer to employ a person who is qualified for the position and to also employ or offer to employ the person’s spouse.
(6)The provisions of this chapter do not apply to a business or enterprise on or near an Indian reservation with respect to any publicly announced employment practice of the business or enterprise required by a contract or other agreement under which preferential treatment may be given to an individual based on the individual’s status as an Indian living on or near a reservation.