New Hampshire Revised Statutes 502-A:19-b – Pleas by Mail; Procedure
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In any case in which a defendant may, pursuant to N.H. Rev. Stat. § 149-M:17, II, N.H. Rev. Stat. § 206:34, N.H. Rev. Stat. § 262:44, N.H. Rev. Stat. § 270:11-a, or N.H. Rev. Stat. § 227-G:5-a, enter a plea by mail in a district or municipal court, the following procedure shall be followed:
I. Such defendant shall receive, in addition to his or her summons, a uniform fine schedule which shall contain:
(a) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of RSA 270, 270-A, and 270-E, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony;
(b) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of title XVIII on fish and game laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony;
(c) The usual fines for violations of title XXI on motor vehicle laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony or is excluded under N.H. Rev. Stat. § 262:44; or
(d) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of title XIX-A on forestry laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony.
I-a. The defendant shall be given a notice of fine indicating the amount of the fine plus penalty assessment at the time the summons is issued; except, if, for cause, the summoning authority wishes the defendant to appear personally. Defendants summoned to appear personally must do so on the arraignment date specified in the summons, unless otherwise ordered by the court. Defendants who are issued a summons and notice of fine and who wish to plead guilty or nolo contendere shall enter their plea on the summons and return it with payment of the fine plus penalty assessment to the division of motor vehicles within 30 days of the date of summons. Defendants in violation of the provisions of title XVIII shall be subject to the provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 207:18 and N.H. Rev. Stat. § 214:19.
II. (a) Whenever a defendant does not enter a plea by mail prior to the arraignment day or does not appear personally or by counsel on or before that date or move for a continuance, the defendant shall be defaulted and the court shall determine what the fine would be upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere and shall impose an administrative processing fee in addition to the fine and penalty assessment, and in the case of violations of title XXI, the defendant’s driving privileges shall be suspended as provided in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 263:56-a. The provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 207:18 and N.H. Rev. Stat. § 214:19, as applicable, shall apply to a defendant in violation of the provisions of title XVIII.
(b) Whenever a defendant otherwise fails to appear for a scheduled court appearance in connection with a summons for any violation level offense set forth in titles XIX-A, XVIII, XXI or XXII, the court shall proceed to hear the state‘s evidence, by offer of proof or otherwise, and enter a finding in accordance therewith. In the event a finding of guilty is made, the court shall set the fine, and the clerk shall forthwith mail or deliver to the defendant at the defendant’s last known mailing address a notice of finding and imposition of fine form approved by the administrative judge of the district court, appointed pursuant to supreme court rule. Payment of the fine in full shall be required no later than 30 days from the date of said notice. Upon the failure of any defendant to remit said payment, the procedure required by subparagraph II(a) shall be followed by the court. No finding made by the court under this section shall be set aside except for good cause shown.
(c) In defaulted cases of violations of title XXI or title XVIII, the court shall notify the director of the division of motor vehicles of the defendant’s default of a title XXI violation, or the executive director of the department of fish and game of the defendant’s default of a title XVIII violation, and the amounts of the fine and other penalties on a form prescribed by the director of the division of motor vehicles or the executive director of the department of fish and game, as appropriate. The amount of the administrative processing fee shall be determined by the New Hampshire supreme court in accordance with the provisions of paragraph V of this section.
III. (a) The commissioner of safety may notify, by electronic means, the administrative judge or the administrative judge’s designee of all defendants who have failed to comply under N.H. Rev. Stat. § 502-A:19-b, II(a). The commissioner shall certify that the defendants are in default, have been notified, and have failed to respond. The court may, in its discretion, find the defendant administratively guilty. No such finding shall be vacated, except for good cause shown. If the court finds the defendant administratively guilty, the court shall issue an electronic civil bench warrant within 30 days. In addition, the court may issue an electronic warrant for the arrest of any defendant who:
(1) Is defaulted in accordance with the provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 502-A:19-b, II;
(2) Fails to pay a fine or other penalty imposed or issues a bad check in payment of a fine or other penalty; or
(3) Fails to comply with a similar order of the director or a court on any matter within the director’s or court’s jurisdiction.
(b) For purposes of this section, civil bench warrants may be issued by the court in the jurisdiction in which the underlying offense occurred or by the administrative judge or any district court justice designated by the administrative judge, in accordance with procedures set forth by the administrative judge. Bench warrants may be transmitted electronically.
(c) A person arrested pursuant to this section shall be given the option to pay the outstanding fine and fees in full to a bail commissioner. Upon such payment, the matter shall be deemed closed, and the civil bench warrant vacated. All payments received by bail commissioners pursuant to this section shall be transmitted to the court or the division of motor vehicles within 5 business days. The bail commissioner shall be entitled to a fee for services as set forth in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 597:20.
(d) Any person arrested pursuant to this section who is unable to pay all outstanding fines and fees prior to release shall be released on personal recognizance and ordered to appear before the district court in the jurisdiction where the arrest or the underlying violation occurred at the next scheduled session of that court. Prior to release, the defendant shall provide an accurate residential and mailing address and telephone number to a bail commissioner. The bail commissioner shall be entitled to a fee for services as set forth in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 597:20.
(e) At any hearing held pursuant to subparagraph (d), the defendant shall complete under oath an affidavit of financial assets, which shall be reviewed by the court for determination of the defendant’s ability to pay the fines and fees imposed. Upon a finding of the defendant’s ability to pay, payment shall be ordered to be made no later than 30 days from the court date. The court may accept payment by credit card, cash, or check and may, if it deems necessary, garnish the defendant’s wages, bank account, or other source of income. If the court finds the defendant is unable to pay the fine or any portion of it, the court may order community service or other alternative sentence.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, state and local law enforcement officers shall have the power to arrest pursuant to civil bench warrants issued under this section.
(g) Neither the state, nor any state agency or political subdivision of the state, nor any employee of the state or its political subdivision shall be subject to a claim for monetary damages for the arrest or detention of any person pursuant to this section, provided that the officer’s action in arresting or detaining the person does not constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct.
III-a. Fines and fees owed pursuant to this section may be paid through the bail commissioner or court by credit card in accordance with procedures set forth by the district court administrative judge, or through the division of motor vehicles by credit card in accordance with procedures established by the director of the division of motor vehicles.
IV. For cause, the court in its discretion may refuse to accept a plea by mail and may impose a fine other than that prescribed by the uniform fine schedule. The court may order the defendant to appear personally in court for the disposition of his case.
V. The uniform fine schedule and administrative processing fee referred to in paragraphs I and II, developed and promulgated by the New Hampshire supreme court after approval by the legislative fiscal committee, shall, on and after January 1, 2005, be changed only by statute.
VI. The administrative processing fee provided for in paragraph II shall be retained by the court for the benefit of the state.
I. Such defendant shall receive, in addition to his or her summons, a uniform fine schedule which shall contain:
Terms Used In New Hampshire Revised Statutes 502-A:19-b
- Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
- Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
- Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
- Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
- Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
- Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
- Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
- Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
- Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
- following: when used by way of reference to any section of these laws, shall mean the section next preceding or following that in which such reference is made, unless some other is expressly designated. See New Hampshire Revised Statutes 21:13
- Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
- justice: when applied to a magistrate, shall mean a justice of a municipal court, or a justice of the peace having jurisdiction over the subject-matter. See New Hampshire Revised Statutes 21:12
- Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
- person: may extend and be applied to bodies corporate and politic as well as to individuals. See New Hampshire Revised Statutes 21:9
- Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
- state: when applied to different parts of the United States, may extend to and include the District of Columbia and the several territories, so called; and the words "United States" shall include said district and territories. See New Hampshire Revised Statutes 21:4
- Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
- Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
(a) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of RSA 270, 270-A, and 270-E, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony;
(b) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of title XVIII on fish and game laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony;
(c) The usual fines for violations of title XXI on motor vehicle laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony or is excluded under N.H. Rev. Stat. § 262:44; or
(d) The usual fines for violations of the provisions of title XIX-A on forestry laws, excluding any offense which is a misdemeanor or felony.
I-a. The defendant shall be given a notice of fine indicating the amount of the fine plus penalty assessment at the time the summons is issued; except, if, for cause, the summoning authority wishes the defendant to appear personally. Defendants summoned to appear personally must do so on the arraignment date specified in the summons, unless otherwise ordered by the court. Defendants who are issued a summons and notice of fine and who wish to plead guilty or nolo contendere shall enter their plea on the summons and return it with payment of the fine plus penalty assessment to the division of motor vehicles within 30 days of the date of summons. Defendants in violation of the provisions of title XVIII shall be subject to the provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 207:18 and N.H. Rev. Stat. § 214:19.
II. (a) Whenever a defendant does not enter a plea by mail prior to the arraignment day or does not appear personally or by counsel on or before that date or move for a continuance, the defendant shall be defaulted and the court shall determine what the fine would be upon a plea of guilty or nolo contendere and shall impose an administrative processing fee in addition to the fine and penalty assessment, and in the case of violations of title XXI, the defendant’s driving privileges shall be suspended as provided in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 263:56-a. The provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 207:18 and N.H. Rev. Stat. § 214:19, as applicable, shall apply to a defendant in violation of the provisions of title XVIII.
(b) Whenever a defendant otherwise fails to appear for a scheduled court appearance in connection with a summons for any violation level offense set forth in titles XIX-A, XVIII, XXI or XXII, the court shall proceed to hear the state‘s evidence, by offer of proof or otherwise, and enter a finding in accordance therewith. In the event a finding of guilty is made, the court shall set the fine, and the clerk shall forthwith mail or deliver to the defendant at the defendant’s last known mailing address a notice of finding and imposition of fine form approved by the administrative judge of the district court, appointed pursuant to supreme court rule. Payment of the fine in full shall be required no later than 30 days from the date of said notice. Upon the failure of any defendant to remit said payment, the procedure required by subparagraph II(a) shall be followed by the court. No finding made by the court under this section shall be set aside except for good cause shown.
(c) In defaulted cases of violations of title XXI or title XVIII, the court shall notify the director of the division of motor vehicles of the defendant’s default of a title XXI violation, or the executive director of the department of fish and game of the defendant’s default of a title XVIII violation, and the amounts of the fine and other penalties on a form prescribed by the director of the division of motor vehicles or the executive director of the department of fish and game, as appropriate. The amount of the administrative processing fee shall be determined by the New Hampshire supreme court in accordance with the provisions of paragraph V of this section.
III. (a) The commissioner of safety may notify, by electronic means, the administrative judge or the administrative judge’s designee of all defendants who have failed to comply under N.H. Rev. Stat. § 502-A:19-b, II(a). The commissioner shall certify that the defendants are in default, have been notified, and have failed to respond. The court may, in its discretion, find the defendant administratively guilty. No such finding shall be vacated, except for good cause shown. If the court finds the defendant administratively guilty, the court shall issue an electronic civil bench warrant within 30 days. In addition, the court may issue an electronic warrant for the arrest of any defendant who:
(1) Is defaulted in accordance with the provisions of N.H. Rev. Stat. § 502-A:19-b, II;
(2) Fails to pay a fine or other penalty imposed or issues a bad check in payment of a fine or other penalty; or
(3) Fails to comply with a similar order of the director or a court on any matter within the director’s or court’s jurisdiction.
(b) For purposes of this section, civil bench warrants may be issued by the court in the jurisdiction in which the underlying offense occurred or by the administrative judge or any district court justice designated by the administrative judge, in accordance with procedures set forth by the administrative judge. Bench warrants may be transmitted electronically.
(c) A person arrested pursuant to this section shall be given the option to pay the outstanding fine and fees in full to a bail commissioner. Upon such payment, the matter shall be deemed closed, and the civil bench warrant vacated. All payments received by bail commissioners pursuant to this section shall be transmitted to the court or the division of motor vehicles within 5 business days. The bail commissioner shall be entitled to a fee for services as set forth in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 597:20.
(d) Any person arrested pursuant to this section who is unable to pay all outstanding fines and fees prior to release shall be released on personal recognizance and ordered to appear before the district court in the jurisdiction where the arrest or the underlying violation occurred at the next scheduled session of that court. Prior to release, the defendant shall provide an accurate residential and mailing address and telephone number to a bail commissioner. The bail commissioner shall be entitled to a fee for services as set forth in N.H. Rev. Stat. § 597:20.
(e) At any hearing held pursuant to subparagraph (d), the defendant shall complete under oath an affidavit of financial assets, which shall be reviewed by the court for determination of the defendant’s ability to pay the fines and fees imposed. Upon a finding of the defendant’s ability to pay, payment shall be ordered to be made no later than 30 days from the court date. The court may accept payment by credit card, cash, or check and may, if it deems necessary, garnish the defendant’s wages, bank account, or other source of income. If the court finds the defendant is unable to pay the fine or any portion of it, the court may order community service or other alternative sentence.
(f) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, state and local law enforcement officers shall have the power to arrest pursuant to civil bench warrants issued under this section.
(g) Neither the state, nor any state agency or political subdivision of the state, nor any employee of the state or its political subdivision shall be subject to a claim for monetary damages for the arrest or detention of any person pursuant to this section, provided that the officer’s action in arresting or detaining the person does not constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct.
III-a. Fines and fees owed pursuant to this section may be paid through the bail commissioner or court by credit card in accordance with procedures set forth by the district court administrative judge, or through the division of motor vehicles by credit card in accordance with procedures established by the director of the division of motor vehicles.
IV. For cause, the court in its discretion may refuse to accept a plea by mail and may impose a fine other than that prescribed by the uniform fine schedule. The court may order the defendant to appear personally in court for the disposition of his case.
V. The uniform fine schedule and administrative processing fee referred to in paragraphs I and II, developed and promulgated by the New Hampshire supreme court after approval by the legislative fiscal committee, shall, on and after January 1, 2005, be changed only by statute.
VI. The administrative processing fee provided for in paragraph II shall be retained by the court for the benefit of the state.