South Dakota Codified Laws 29A-3-412. Formal testacy proceedings–Effect of order–Vacation
Subject to appeal and subject to vacation as provided in this section or by other law, a formal testacy order under §§ 29A-3-409 to 29A-3-411, inclusive, including an order that the decedent left no valid will and determining the heirs, is final as to all persons who were properly notified of the proceeding, either by personal service or publication, with respect to all issues concerning the decedent’s estate that the court considered or might have considered incident to its rendition relevant to the question of whether the decedent left a valid will, and to the determination of heirs, except that:
(1) The court shall entertain a petition for modification or vacation of its order and probate of another will of the decedent if the proponents of the later–offered will were given no notice or only publication notice of the earlier proceeding, except that no such petition may be entertained if it is shown that the proponents (i) were aware of the earlier proceeding and (ii) were aware of the existence of the later–offered will at the time of the earlier proceeding;
Terms Used In South Dakota Codified Laws 29A-3-412
- Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
- Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
- Decedent: A deceased person.
- Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. Source: U.S. Courts
- Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
- Probate: Proving a will
(2) If intestacy of all or part of the estate has been ordered, the determination of heirs of the decedent may be reconsidered if it is shown that one or more persons were omitted from the determination and it is also shown that (i) the persons were unaware of their relationship to the decedent, (ii) were unaware of the death, or (iii) were given no notice of the earlier proceeding, except by publication;
(3) A petition for vacation under either (1) or (2) above shall be filed prior to the earlier of the following time limits:
(i) If a personal representative has been appointed for the estate, the time of entry of any order approving final distribution of the estate, or, if the estate is closed by statement, six months after the filing of the closing statement;
(ii) Whether or not a personal representative has been appointed for the estate of the decedent, the time prescribed by § 29A-3-108 when it is no longer possible to initiate an original proceeding to probate a will of the decedent;
(iii) Twelve months after the entry of the order sought to be vacated;
(4) The order originally rendered in the testacy proceeding may be modified or vacated, if appropriate under the circumstances, by the order of probate of the later–offered will or the order redetermining heirs;
(5) The finding of the fact of death is conclusive as to an alleged decedent only if notice of the hearing on the petition in the formal testacy proceeding was sent by registered or certified mail addressed to the alleged decedent at the alleged decedent’s last known address and the court finds that a reasonably diligent search as required by § 29A-3-403(c) was made. If the alleged decedent is not dead, even if notice was sent and a reasonably diligent search was made, the alleged decedent may recover estate assets in the hands of the personal representative. In addition to any remedies available to the alleged decedent by reason of any fraud or intentional wrongdoing, the alleged decedent may recover any estate or its proceeds from distributees that is in their hands, or the value of distributions received by them, to the extent that any recovery from distributees is equitable in view of all of the circumstances.
Source: SL 1994, ch 232, § 3-412; SL 1995, ch 167, § 115.