Michigan Laws > Chapter 259 > Act 327 of 1945 – Aeronautics Code of the State of Michigan


Chapter I	Declaration of Intent
Chapter IA
Chapter II	Definitions
Chapter III	Aeronautics Department–Creation–Membership–Funds
Chapter IV	General Powers and Duties of Aeronautics Commission and Director of Aeronautics
Chapter V	Regulation of Aircraft, Airmen, Airports and Air Instruction
Chapter VI	Acquisition and Operation of State Airports
Chapter VIA	Acquisition and Operation of Airports, Landing Fields, and Other Aeronautical Facilites by Public Airport Authorities
Chapter VII	Acquisition and Operation of Airports, Landing Fields and Other Aeronautical Facilities by Political Subdivisions of This State
Chapter VIIA	Acquisition and Operation of Airports, Landing Fields, and Other Aeronautical Facilities by Regional Airport Authorities
Chapter VIII	Approach Protection for Airports, Landing Fields and Other Aeronautical Facilities
Chapter IX	Penal Provisions–Jurisdiction of Crimes, Torts, Contracts
Chapter X	Miscellaneous Provisions

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Terms Used In Michigan Laws > Chapter 259 > Act 327 of 1945 - Aeronautics Code of the State of Michigan

Access service: means access to a local exchange network for the purpose of enabling a provider to originate or terminate telecommunication services within the local exchange. See Michigan Laws 484.2102
Accession: means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original goods is not lost. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
Accessory: means any accessory, equipment, additional part or replacement part for a vehicle for which a certificate of title is required to be issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 257.1a
Accident: means an event involving an aircraft that is in-flight or taxiing, resulting in death or injury to any person, damage to the aircraft affecting its ability to safely operate, or damage to public property or property of another person. See Michigan Laws 259.2
Account debtor: means a person obligated on an account, chattel paper, or general intangible. See Michigan Laws 440.9102
accounting for: means a record that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) Authenticated by a secured party. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Acquittal:

Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
A verdict of "not guilty."

Active service: means service, including active state service and special duty required by law, regulation, or pursuant to order of the governor. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Adjacent neighborhood: means a residential area as determined by the authority immediately adjoining or near a downtown area within the same municipality. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.

Adjusted household income: means that term as defined in rules of the authority. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Administrative authority: means the state or local official responsible for the administration and enforcement of this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.

advisor: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a nondeployable advisor in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Advisory board: means the Michigan cyber civilian corps advisory board created under section 9. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Aeronautical facilities: means any device, physical or otherwise, that is an object of nature or that is human-made, that aids and is used in aeronautics. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Aeronautics: means any act or matter that treats or deals with flight in the airspace. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.

Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.

Agent: means the person or persons agreed to or selected by the contractor and the public agency pursuant to section 4(2). See Michigan Laws 125.1561

agreement: means an instrument prescribing the terms of home improvement charge sales, whether secured or unsecured, which may be made under the agreement from time to time and under the terms of which a time price differential is to be computed in relation to the buyer's unpaid balance from time to time. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Agricultural lien: means an interest, other than a security interest, in farm products that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) The interest secures payment or performance of an obligation for 1 or more of the following:

(A) Goods or services furnished in connection with a debtor's farming operation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Air navigation: means the operation or navigation of aircraft in the airspace over the land and waters of this state. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Aircraft: means any contrivance used or designed for navigation of or flight in the air. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Airman: means any individual, including the 1 in command, and any pilot, mechanic, or member of the crew, who engages in the navigation of aircraft while under way, and any individual who is in charge of the inspection, overhauling, or repair of aircraft, and any individual who serves in the capacity of aircraft dispatcher or air traffic control tower operator. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Airport: means a publicly owned airport licensed by the state transportation department, bureau of aeronautics under section 86 and includes all airport facilities at the airport. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Airport: means a publicly owned airport licensed by the department under section 86 and includes all airport facilities at the airport. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Airport: means any location, either on land or water, that is used for the landing or take-off of aircraft, and includes the buildings and facilities, if any, on that location. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Airport approach plan: means a plan, or an amendment to a plan, adopted under section 12 of the airport zoning act, 1950 (Ex Sess) PA 23, MCL 259. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Airport facilities: means any of the following at an airport:

(i) Real or personal property, or interest in real or personal property, used for the landing, taking off, taxiing, parking, storing, shelter, supply, or care of aircraft, or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo, and all appurtenant areas used for airport buildings or other airport facilities, and all appurtenant rights-of-way. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Airport facilities: means any of the following at an airport:

(i) Real or personal property, or an interest in real or personal property, used for the landing, taking off, taxiing, parking, or storing of aircraft, or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo, an appurtenant area used for an airport building or other facility, and any appurtenant right-of-way. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Airport layout plan: means a plan, or an amendment to a plan, that shows current or proposed layout of an airport and that is approved by the commission. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Airport manager: means any individual who is properly appointed and designated by the airport owner as the airport manager, and who is responsible for the supervision and operation of the airport to the airport owner. See Michigan Laws 259.2

Allegation: something that someone says happened.

Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.

Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.

Amphibian: means any frog, toad, or salamander of the class Amphibia. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

annual meeting: when applied to townships, mean the annual meeting required by law to be held on the Saturday immediately preceding the first Monday in April. See Michigan Laws 8.3d

Annual user costs: means an annual charge levied by a water supplier on users of the waterworks system to pay for each user's share of the cost for operation, maintenance, and replacement of the waterworks system. See Michigan Laws 324.5401

Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.

Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.

Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.

Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.

Applicable regional transmission organization: means a nonprofit, member-based organization governed by an independent board of directors that serves as the regional transmission organization approved by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission with oversight responsibility for the region that includes the provider's service territory. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Application for a building permit: means an application for a building permit submitted to an enforcing agency pursuant to this act and plans, specifications, surveys, statements, and other material submitted to the enforcing agency together or in connection with the application. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Appraisal: A determination of property value.

Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization

Approval date: means the effective date of the issuance by the federal aviation administration to the authority assuming operational jurisdiction of an airport of a certificate under part 139 of chapter 14 of the code of federal regulations with respect to the airport, and the concurrence by the FAA of the designation of the authority as a sponsor of the airport, including the FAA's approval of the assignment of existing grant agreements to the authority. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Approval date: means , for airports certificated under 14 C. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Aquatic invasive plant species: means an aquatic plant species, hybrid, or genotype that is not native and whose introduction causes, or is likely to cause, economic or environmental harm or harm to human health. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Aquatic nuisance: means an organism that lives or propagates, or both, within the aquatic environment and that impairs the use or enjoyment of the waters of the state, including the intermediate aquatic hosts for schistosomes that cause swimmer's itch. See Michigan Laws 324.3301

Aquatic nuisance species: means a nonindigenous species that threatens the diversity or abundance of native species or the ecological stability of infested waters, or commercial, agricultural, aquacultural, or recreational activities dependent on such waters. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Aquatic plant: means a submergent, emergent, obligate wetland, facultative wetland, or floating-leaf plant or a fragment thereof, including a seed or other propagule. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Architect or professional engineer: means an architect or professional engineer licensed under Act No. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Area: means the whole of the state and the whole or any designated portion of any township or townships or county or counties within the state. See Michigan Laws 324.41101

Area median income: means the median income for the area as determined under section 8 of the United States housing act of 1937, 42 USC 1437f, adjusted for family size. See Michigan Laws 125.1459

Armory: means a building, facility, or the lots and grounds used by an army, navy, or air unit of the national guard or organized militia as a home station or for military training. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Arraignment: A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.

Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.

Art: means an original, visual creation of quality executed in any size or shape, in any media, using any kind or combination of materials. See Michigan Laws 18.71

As-extracted collateral: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) Oil, gas, or other minerals that are subject to a security interest that is created by a debtor having an interest in the minerals before extraction and attaches to the minerals as extracted. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Assessment district: means the real property within a distinct area upon which special assessments are levied or imposed for the construction, reconstruction, betterment, replacement, or repair of a facility to be paid for by funds derived from those special assessments imposed or levied on the benefited real property. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Asset management program: means the program that identifies the desired level of service at the lowest life cycle cost for rehabilitating, repairing, or replacing the assets associated with a municipality's wastewater or storm water system. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.

Assistance: means 1 or more of the following activities to the extent authorized by the federal water pollution control act:

(i) Provision of loans to municipalities for construction of sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Assistance: means 1 or more of the following activities to the extent authorized by the federal safe drinking water act:

(i) Provision of loans for the planning, design, and construction or alteration of waterworks systems. See Michigan Laws 324.5401

Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.

Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.

Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.

Authority: means an Indian housing authority created pursuant to section 2. See Michigan Laws 125.1551

Authority: means a public airport authority created by or pursuant to section 110 and governed by a board. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Authority: means the Michigan state housing development authority created in this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in section 4 of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Authority: means the Michigan municipal bond authority created in the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5401

Authority-aided mortgage: means a mortgage made, held, purchased, or assisted by the authority. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.

Ballast water: means water and associated solids taken on board a vessel to control or maintain trim, draft, stability, or stresses on the vessel, without regard to the manner in which it is carried. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Ballast water treatment method: means a method of treating ballast water and sediments to remove or destroy living biological organisms through 1 or more of the following:

(i) Filtration. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Balloon: means a lighter-than-air aircraft that is not engine driven and that sustains flight through the use of either gas buoyancy or an airborne heater. See Michigan Laws 259.3

Bank: means an organization that is engaged in the business of banking. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.

Barrier free design: means those architectural designs which eliminate the type of barriers and hindrances that deter physically limited persons from having access to and free mobility in and around a building, structure, or improved area. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Barrier free design: means design complying with legal requirements for architectural designs that eliminate the type of barriers and hindrances that deter persons with disabilities from having access to and free mobility in and around a building or structure. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}

Bequest: Property gifted by will.

Block: means block as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55

Board: means the department of state. See Michigan Laws 3.161

board: means a board created pursuant to section 4. See Michigan Laws 125.1572

Board: means the governing body of an authority appointed pursuant to section 111. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Board: means the governing body of a regional authority appointed under section 140. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Board: means the wind energy resource zone board created under section 143. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Board: means the Michigan natural resources trust fund board established in section 1905. See Michigan Laws 324.2130

Board of appeals: means the construction board of appeals of a governmental subdivision provided for in section 14. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Board of control: means the board charged with policy direction of a state supported institution of higher education. See Michigan Laws 38.382

Board of education: means the board of education of the city of Detroit. See Michigan Laws 38.371

Board of governors: means the board of governors of Wayne state university. See Michigan Laws 38.371

Boards: means the state plumbing board created in section 13 of former 2002 PA 733, the board of mechanical rules created in section 3 of former 1984 PA 192, the electrical administrative board created in section 2 of former 1956 PA 217, and the barrier free design board created in section 5 of 1966 PA 1, MCL 125. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Branch: includes a separately incorporated foreign branch of a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Building: means a building as defined in section 2 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Building: means a combination of materials, whether portable or fixed, forming a structure affording a facility or shelter for use or occupancy by individuals, animals, or property. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Building official: means an individual who is employed by a governmental subdivision and is charged with the administration and enforcement of the code and who is registered in compliance with article 10 of the skilled trades regulation act, MCL 339. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

buyer: means a person who buys goods and services, or services from a contractor pursuant to a home improvement installment contract, or goods and services from a contractor pursuant to a home improvement charge agreement. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Buyer in ordinary course of business: means a person that buys goods in good faith, without knowledge that the sale violates the rights of another person in the goods, and in the ordinary course from a person, other than a pawnbroker, in the business of selling goods of that kind. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Capitalization grant: means the federal grant made to this state by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for the purpose of establishing a state water pollution control revolving fund, as provided in title VI of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1381 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

case: means a proceeding as defined in section 3 of the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Cash proceeds: means proceeds that are money, checks, deposit accounts, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

center: means a building described in section 3. See Michigan Laws 125.1572

Certificate of coverage: means written authorization from the department to implement a project under a general permit. See Michigan Laws 324.3301

Certificate of title: means a certificate of title with respect to which a statute provides for the security interest in question to be indicated on the certificate as a condition or result of the security interest's obtaining priority over the rights of a lien creditor with respect to the collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Chattel paper: means a record or records that evidence both a monetary obligation and a security interest in specific goods, a security interest in specific goods and software used in the goods, a security interest in specific goods and license of software used in the goods, a lease of specific goods, or a lease of specific goods and license of software used in the goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Chief elected official: means the chairperson of the county board of commissioners, the city mayor, the village president, or the township supervisor. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Chief executive officer: means the chief administrative officer of a regional authority. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Chief information officer: means the individual within the department designated by the governor as the chief information officer for this state. See Michigan Laws 18.222

citation: means a complaint or notice upon which a police officer shall record an occurrence involving 1 or more vehicle law violations by the person cited. See Michigan Laws 257.727c

Civil forfeiture: The loss of ownership of property used to conduct illegal activity.

Claimant: means a victim or intervenor who is injured, or any other person eligible for an award under section 4(1) or 5(1), who files a claim under this act. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Clean energy: means electricity or steam generated using a clean energy system. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Clean energy plan: means an electric provider's plan to meet the clean energy standard approved under section 51. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Clean energy portfolio: means the percentage of an electric provider's total retail electric sales consisting of clean energy or renewable energy. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Clean energy standard: means the clean energy portfolio required under section 51(1). See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Clean energy system: means an electricity generation facility or system or set of electricity generation systems that meets any of the following requirements:

(i) Generates electricity or steam without emitting greenhouse gas, including nuclear generation. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Clerk: means the clerk of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

Client: means a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization that has requested and is using the rapid response assistance of the Michigan cyber civilian corps under the direction of the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Code: means the state construction code provided for in section 4 or a part of that code of limited application and includes a modification of or amendment to the code. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Collateral: means the property subject to a security interest or agricultural lien. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Collecting sewers: means lateral, branch, submain, and trunk sewers consisting of pipes or conduits including pumps, lift stations, force mains, and other appurtenances necessary for a system to prevent or eliminate discharges of raw or inadequately treated sewage of human origin into any waters of the state. See Michigan Laws 324.4901

Commander-in-chief: means the governor of this state. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Commercial purposes: means offering for sale, selling, giving, or furnishing to others. See Michigan Laws 324.48728

Commission: means the Hispanic/Latino commission of Michigan created in section 2. See Michigan Laws 18.301

Commission: means the crime victim services commission. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Commission: means the state construction code commission created by section 3a. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Commission: means the Michigan aeronautics commission. See Michigan Laws 259.3

Commission: means the Michigan public service commission. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Commission: means the Michigan public service commission. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Commission: means the commission of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Commodity account: means an account maintained by a commodity intermediary in which a commodity contract is carried for a commodity customer. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity contract: means a commodity futures contract, an option on a commodity futures contract, a commodity option, or another contract if the contract or option is 1 of the following:

(i) Traded on or subject to the rules of a board of trade that has been designated as a contract market for such a contract pursuant to federal commodities laws. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity customer: means a person for which a commodity intermediary carries a commodity contract on its books. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Commodity intermediary: means 1 of the following:

(i) A person that is registered as a futures commission merchant under federal commodities law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.

Communicate: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) To send a written or other tangible record. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Community water supply: means a public water supply that provides year-round service to not less than 15 living units or that regularly provides year-round service to not less than 25 residents. See Michigan Laws 324.5401

Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.

Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.

Conservation easement: means an interest in land that provides limitation on the use of land or a body of water or requires or prohibits certain acts on or with respect to the land or body of water, whether or not the interest is stated in the form of a restriction, easement, covenant, or condition in a deed, will, or other instrument executed by or on behalf of the owner of the land or body of water or in an order of taking, which interest is appropriate to retaining or maintaining the land or body of water, including improvements on the land or body of water, predominantly in its natural, scenic, or open condition, or in an agricultural, farming, open space, or forest use, or similar use or condition. See Michigan Laws 324.2140

Consignee: means a merchant to which goods are delivered in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consignor: means a person that delivers goods to a consignee in a consignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Construction: means the construction, erection, reconstruction, alteration, conversion, demolition, repair, moving, or equipping of buildings or structures. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Construction: means the engineering, architectural, legal, fiscal, and economic investigations and studies, surveys, designs, plans, working drawings, specifications, procedures, and other similar actions necessary to the construction of collecting sewers; the installation, erection, and building of collecting sewers; and the inspection and supervision of the construction of such sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.4901

Construction activities: means an action undertaken to plan, design, or build sewage treatment works projects, stormwater management projects, or nonpoint source projects. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Construction activities: means any actions undertaken in the planning, designing, or building of a waterworks system. See Michigan Laws 324.5401

Consumer: means an individual who resides in this state. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Consumer: means an individual who enters into a transaction primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Consumer goods: means goods that are used or bought for use primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer housing cooperative: means a nonprofit corporation incorporated pursuant to the corporation laws of this state and chapter 5. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Consumer obligor: means an obligor who is an individual and who incurred the obligation as part of a transaction entered into primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer reporting agency: means any person that, for monetary fees or dues or on a cooperative nonprofit basis, regularly engages in whole or in part in the practice of assembling or evaluating consumer credit information or other information on consumers for the purpose of furnishing credit reports to third parties and that uses any means or facility of interstate commerce for the purpose of preparing or furnishing credit reports. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Consumer transaction: means a transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, a security interest secures the obligation, and the collateral is held or acquired primarily for personal, family, or household purposes. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Consumer-goods transaction: means a consumer transaction in which an individual incurs an obligation primarily for personal, family, or household purposes and a security interest in consumer goods secures the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.

Continuation statement: means an amendment of a financing statement which identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates that it is a continuation statement for, or that it is filed to continue the effectiveness of, the identified financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.

contract: means a written agreement between a contractor and a public agency for the construction, alteration, demolition, or repair of a facility, other than a contract having a dollar value of less than $30,000. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

contract: means an agreement covering a home improvement installment sale, whether contained in 1 or more documents, together with any accompanying promissory note or other evidence of indebtedness, pursuant to which the buyer promises to pay in installments all or any part of the time sale price or prices of goods and services, or services. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Contract documents: means the construction contract; instructions to bidders; proposal; conditions of the contract; performance bond; labor and material bond; drawings; specifications; all addenda issued before execution of the construction contract and all modifications issued subsequently. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Contractor: means an individual, sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, or joint venture, that is a party to a construction contract with a public agency. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Contractor: means a person who contracts with a governmental entity to improve real property or perform or manage construction services. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

contractor: means a person who sells goods and services, or agrees to furnish or render services, to a retail buyer pursuant to a home improvement installment contract, or sells goods and services to a retail buyer pursuant to a home improvement charge agreement, but not in connection with construction of new homes. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Controlled substance: means that term as defined in section 7104 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Conventional gravity sewer extension: means the installation of a new gravity sewer and connection to an existing collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Convicted: means 1 of the following:

(i) Having a judgment of conviction or a probation order entered in any court having jurisdiction over criminal offenses, including, but not limited to, a tribal court or a military court. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.

Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.

Corporation: means a corporation organized pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

costs: means the cost of purchasing, acquiring, constructing, improving, enlarging, extending, or repairing a project. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

County: means a county within this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Crayfish: means any arthropod of the decapoda family. See Michigan Laws 324.48728

Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. ^{Source: OCC}

Credit report: means any written, oral, or other communication of any information by a consumer reporting agency that is related to a consumer's creditworthiness, credit standing, or credit capacity, and is issued or expected to be used or collected in whole or in part for the purpose of serving as a factor in establishing the consumer's eligibility for credit. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Crime: means an act that is 1 of the following:

(i) A crime under the laws of this state, the United States, or a federally recognized tribe in this state, that causes actual bodily harm, including pregnancy or death, or that poses a reasonably perceived or actual threat of injury or death within this state. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Critical infrastructure: means systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United States or this state that the incapacity or destruction of that system or asset would have a debilitating impact on security, economic security, public health or safety, or any combination of these as determined by the department. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Crustacean: means freshwater crayfish, shrimp, or prawn of the order Decapoda. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Custodial authority: means 1 or more of the following apply:

(i) The actor was a member of the same household as the victim. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Cybersecurity incident: means an event occurring on or conducted through a computer network that actually or imminently jeopardizes the integrity, confidentiality, or availability of computers, information or communications systems or networks, physical or virtual infrastructure controlled by computers or information systems, or information resident on any of these. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.

damages: means the fair market value on the stump or at the mill, whichever is greater of a forest product cut or removed, or the fair and actual value of any other property removed or damaged in trespass, plus any other damages caused before, during, or after the cutting or removal. See Michigan Laws 324.2155

Dating relationship: means frequent, intimate associations primarily characterized by the expectation of affectional involvement. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Dealer: means a person engaged in the business of purchasing, selling, brokering, exchanging, or dealing in aircraft parts or in aircraft of a type required to be registered. See Michigan Laws 259.3

Debtor: means 1 of the following:

(i) A person having an interest, other than a security interest or other lien, in the collateral, whether or not the person is an obligor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Decedent: A deceased person.

Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.

Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.

Deferred payment loan: means a loan that is repayable or partially repayable upon the occurrence of a specified event as determined by the authority. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Delivery: means either of the following:

(i) With respect to an electronic document of title, a voluntary transfer of control. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Department: means the department of technology, management, and budget. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Department: means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Department: means the department of commerce. See Michigan Laws 125.1572

Department: means the state transportation department. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Department: means the department of state police. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Department: means the state transportation department, bureau of aeronautics. See Michigan Laws 259.3

Department: means the department of licensing and regulatory affairs. See Michigan Laws 333.6230

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.3301

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Department: means the department of environment, Great Lakes, and energy or its authorized agent or representative. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Department: means the department of environmental quality. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Department of natural resources: means the principal state department created in section 501. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.

Dependent: means an individual principally dependent on another for support. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Deposit account: means a demand, time, savings, passbook, or similar account maintained with a bank. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Detroit consumer price index: means the most comprehensive index of consumer prices available for the Detroit area from the United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Development costs: means the costs that have been approved by the authority as appropriate expenditures, and includes:

(i) Payments for options to purchase properties on the proposed housing project site, deposits on contracts of purchase, or, with the prior approval of the authority, payments for the purchases of those properties. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Devise: To gift property by will.

Director: means the director of the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs. See Michigan Laws 18.301

Director: means the director of the department or an authorized representative of the director. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Director: means the deputy director of the department, bureau of aeronautics who is the director of the Michigan aeronautics commission. See Michigan Laws 259.3

Director: means the director of the department or his or her designee. See Michigan Laws 333.6230

Director: means the director of the department of natural resources. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Director: means the director of the department. See Michigan Laws 324.3301

Director: means the director of the department or his or her designated representative. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.

Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:

Distributed generation: means the generation of electricity under the distributed generation program. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Distributed generation program: means the program established by the commission under section 173. See Michigan Laws 460.1003

Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.

Document: means a document of title or a receipt of the type described in section 7201(2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Document of title: means a record that in the regular course of business or financing is treated as adequately evidencing that the person in possession or control of the record is entitled to receive, control, hold, and dispose of the record and the goods the record covers and that purports to be issued by or addressed to a bailee and to cover goods in the bailee's possession which are either identified or are fungible portions of an identified mass. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Downtown area: means an area where 20 or more contiguous properties have been planned, zoned, or used for commercial purposes for 50 or more years and where a majority of the buildings are built adjacent to each other as determined by the authority and up to the public right-of-way. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Due notice: means notice published at least twice, with an interval of at least 7 days between the 2 publication dates, in a newspaper or other publication of general circulation within the appropriate area or, if a publication of general circulation is not available, by posting at a reasonable number of conspicuous places within the appropriate area. See Michigan Laws 324.4701

Educational institution: means a local school district, an intermediate school district, or a college, university, community college, or junior college within this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1572

Educational institution: means a public educational institution or a private non-profit educational institution approved by the department of education to provide a program of primary, secondary, or higher education, a public library, or a nonprofit association or consortium whose primary purpose is education. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Efficient electrification measures plan: means a plan to offer and promote efficient electrification measures. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Efficient electrification measures program: means a program to implement an efficient electrification measures plan. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Elderly: means a single person who is 55 years of age or older or a household in which at least 1 member is 55 years of age or older and all other members are 50 years of age or older. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Electric provider: means any of the following:

(i) Any person or entity that is regulated by the commission for the purpose of selling electricity to retail customers in this state. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Electronic chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information stored in an electronic medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}

Eligible applicant: means a not-for-profit corporation, a for-profit corporation, a municipality, a land bank fast track authority organized under the land bank fast track act, 2003 PA 258, MCL 124. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Eligible applicant: means a person that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Eligible distressed area: means any of the following:

(i) An area located in a city with a population of at least 10,000, which area is either designated as a "blighted area" by a local legislative body pursuant to 1945 PA 344, MCL 125. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Eligible employees: means the members of the faculty and administrative staff of state supported institutions of higher education on a full-time basis whose positions require the performance of professional services in the discharge of the educational or administrative functions of the institution. See Michigan Laws 38.382

Eligible project: means a project that meets the requirements under section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}

Emergency management coordinator: means that term as defined in section 2 of the emergency management act, 1976 PA 390, MCL 30. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Employee: means an individual who is self-employed or works for any other entity as a full-time or part-time employee, contractual provider, or volunteer, regardless of whether he or she is financially compensated. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Employee-owned corporation: means an employee-owned corporation as defined by the employee-owned corporation act. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Encumbrance: means a right, other than an ownership interest, in real property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

End user: means the retail subscriber of a telecommunication service. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Energy conservation: means the efficient use of energy by providing building envelopes with high thermal resistance and low air leakage, and the selection of energy efficient mechanical, electrical service, and illumination systems, equipment, devices, or apparatus. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Energy conservation: means the reduction of customer energy use through the installation of measures or changes in energy usage behavior. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Energy efficiency: means a decrease in customer consumption of electricity or natural gas achieved through measures or programs that target customer behavior, equipment, devices, or materials without reducing the quality of energy services. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Energy storage system: means any technology that is capable of absorbing energy, storing the energy for a period of time, and redelivering the energy. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Energy waste reduction credit: means a credit certified pursuant to section 87 that represents achieved energy waste reduction. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Energy waste reduction plan: means a plan under section 71. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Energy waste reduction standard: means the minimum energy savings required to be achieved under section 77. See Michigan Laws 460.1005

Enforcing agency: means the governmental agency that, in accordance with section 8a or 8b, is responsible for administration and enforcement of the code within a governmental subdivision. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.

Equipment: means plumbing, heating, electrical, ventilating, air conditioning, and refrigerating equipment. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Equipment: means goods other than inventory, farm products, or consumer goods. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}

Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.

Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.

Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.

Exchange: means 1 or more contiguous central offices and all associated facilities within a geographical area in which basic local exchange service is offered by a provider. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent

Expedited review: means an expedited review of an application for a construction permit under section 4112. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.

FAA: means the federal aviation administration of the United States department of transportation, or any successor agency. See Michigan Laws 259.109

FAA: means the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States Department of Transportation, or any successor agency. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Facility: means a building, utility, road, street, boulevard, parkway, bridge, ditch, drain, levee, dike, sewer, park, playground, or other structure or work that is paid for with public funds or a special assessment. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Facility used by the public: means a building, structure, or improved area utilized for purposes of education, employment, housing other than a privately owned 1 or 2 family dwelling, transportation, or recreation and for the purchase, rental, or acquisition of goods or services. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Fair Credit Reporting Act: A federal law, established in 1971 and revised in 1997, that gives consumers the right to see their credit records and correct any mistakes. ^{Source: OCC}

Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.

Family income: means all income that is included in a determination of family income under section 143(f) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 143(f), together with the income of all adults who will reside in the residence, which income might otherwise be excluded from consideration because the individual was not expected to both live in the residence and be primarily or secondarily liable on the mortgage note. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Farm products: means goods, other than standing timber, with respect to which the debtor is engaged in a farming operation and which are 1 of the following:

(i) Crops grown, growing, or to be grown, including crops produced on trees, vines, and bushes, and aquatic goods produced in aquacultural operations. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Federal safe drinking water act: means the safe drinking water act, 42 USC 300f to 300j-25, and the rules promulgated under that act. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Federal water pollution control act: means 33 USC 1251 to 1389. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.

Felony: means that term as defined in section 1 of chapter I of the code of criminal procedure, 1927 PA 174, MCL 761. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.

File: means all of the information about a consumer that is recorded and retained by a consumer reporting agency regardless of how the information is stored. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

File number: means the number assigned to an initial financing statement pursuant to section 9519(1). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Filing office: means an office designated in section 9501 as the place to file a financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Filing-office rule: means a rule adopted pursuant to section 9526. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Financing agency: means a person other than a home improvement contractor engaged, directly or indirectly, as principal, agent, or broker in the business of purchasing, acquiring, financing, soliciting, or arranging for the financing or acquisition of home improvement installment contracts or home improvement charge agreements or any obligation in connection therewith. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Financing statement: means a record or records composed of an initial financing statement and any filed record relating to the initial financing statement. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

firearm: except as otherwise specifically defined in statute, includes any weapon which will, is designed to, or may readily be converted to expel a projectile by action of an explosive. See Michigan Laws 8.3t

Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.

Fiscal year: means that annual period that is the fiscal year of the local government that owns the airport over which an authority has assumed operational jurisdiction or, if the local government is not required to include the authority in the financial statements of the local government, that annual period established by the board. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Fixture filing: means the filing of a financing statement covering goods that are or are to become fixtures and satisfying section 9502(1) and (2). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Fixtures: means goods that have become so related to particular real property that an interest in them arises under real property law. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Flight instructor: means any person who possesses a valid flight instructor certificate or other airman certificate issued by the federal aviation administration authorizing that individual to instruct in aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.4

Flight school: means any person providing or offering to provide flight training leading to pilot or flight instructor certification, for hire or compensation, and engaged in any of the following:

(i) Advertising or calling oneself a flight school or anything equivalent to a flight school. See Michigan Laws 259.4

Flying club: means any group of persons owning, leasing, or operating 1 or more aircraft, not for profit or reward, and using the aircraft for the purpose of providing its members with an aircraft for their personal use and enjoyment. See Michigan Laws 259.4

Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}

Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}

Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.

Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}

Fuel: means any gasoline, distillate, benzine, naphtha, benzol, or other volatile and inflammable liquid produced, compounded, and used for propelling aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.4

Fund: means the Michigan housing and community development fund created in section 58a. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Fund: means the housing development fund created by this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Fund: means the infrastructure construction fund created in section 4113. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Fund: means the strategic water quality initiatives fund created in section 5204. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Fund: means the state drinking water revolving fund established under section 16b of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Fund: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication fund created in section 41403. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Fundable range: means those projects, taken in descending order on the priority lists, for which sufficient funds are estimated by the department to exist to provide assistance at the beginning of each annual funding cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Fundable range: means those projects, taken in descending order on the priority list, for which the department estimates sufficient funds exist to provide assistance during each annual funding cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Game: has the meaning given that term in part 401. See Michigan Laws 324.43504

Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43701

Game and fish protection account: means the game and fish protection account of the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund provided for in section 2010. See Michigan Laws 324.43504

Game fish: includes all of the following:

(i) Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Garage keeper: means any person who, for hire or reward, publicly offers to store, maintain, keep, or repair aircraft or any accessory used in the operation of aircraft and to furnish accessories and supplies for aircraft or any accessory used in the operation of aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.4

Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor

Gas: means a mixture of hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons in a gaseous state which may or may not be associated with oil and includes liquids resulting from the condensation of those hydrocarbons and nonhydrocarbons. See Michigan Laws 324.43701

General intangible: means any personal property, including things in action, other than accounts, chattel paper, commercial tort claims, deposit accounts, documents, goods, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, letters of credit, money, and oil, gas, or other minerals before extraction. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

General permit: means a permit for a category of activities that the department determines will not negatively impact human health and will have no more than minimal short-term adverse impacts on the natural resources and environment. See Michigan Laws 324.3302

Genetically engineered: refers to an organism whose genome, chromosomal or extrachromosomal, is modified permanently and heritably, using recombinant nucleic acid techniques, or the progeny of such an organism. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Genetically engineered: refers to a fish whose genome, chromosomal or extrachromosomal, is modified permanently and heritably, using recombinant nucleic acid techniques. See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.

Good faith: except as otherwise provided in article 5, means honesty in fact and the observance of reasonable commercial standards of fair dealing. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Goods: means all things that are movable when a security interest attaches. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Governing body: means the body in which the legislative powers of a municipality are vested. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Governing body: means in the case of a city, the council or commission of the city; in the case of a village, the council, commission, or board of trustees of the village; in the case of a township, the township board; and in the case of a county, the county board of commissioners. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Governmental entity: means the state, a county, city, township, village, public educational institution, or any political subdivision thereof. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

Governmental subdivision: means a county, city, village, or township that, in accordance with section 8a or 8b, has assumed responsibility for administration and enforcement of this act and the code within its jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Governmental unit: means a subdivision, agency, department, county, parish, municipality, or other unit of the government of the United States, a state, or a foreign country. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Grace period: The number of days you'll have to pay your bill for purchases in full without triggering a finance charge. ^{Source: Federal Reserve}

Grant: means a grant from the grant program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Grant: means an inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control or eradication grant issued through the program. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Grant program: means the strategic water quality initiatives grant program established under this part. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

grantee: may be construed as including every person to whom any such interest or estate passes in like manner. See Michigan Laws 8.3e

Great Lakes: means the Great Lakes and their connecting waters, including Lake St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Greenhouse gas: means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, or sulfur hexafluoride. See Michigan Laws 460.1007

Grid reliability: means the ability, as defined by the regional transmission organization, of the bulk power system to withstand sudden, unexpected disturbances, such as short circuits or unanticipated loss of system elements because of natural causes. See Michigan Laws 460.1007

Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.

Health-care-insurance receivable: means an interest in or claim under a policy of insurance which is a right to payment of a monetary obligation for health-care goods or services provided. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Heliport: means an area of land, water, or a fixed structure used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of helicopters or other rotary wing aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.5

Historic aircraft: means an aircraft that is over 30 years old and that is owned solely as a collector's item or for participation in club activities, exhibitions, tours, parades, or similar uses, but that is not used for general transportation. See Michigan Laws 259.5

Historic preservation easement: means an interest in land that provides a limitation on the use of a structure or site that is listed as a national historic landmark under chapter 593, 49 Stat. See Michigan Laws 324.2140

Holder: means any of the following:

(i) A person in possession of a negotiable instrument that is payable either to bearer or to an identified person that is the person in possession. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Home improvement charge sale: means the sale of goods and furnishing of services by a contractor to a retail buyer pursuant to a home improvement charge agreement and as to which sale the cash price is stated to be in excess of $300. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Household member: means an individual who resides in the same dwelling unit as a victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Housing charges: means monthly rentals or carrying charges, and includes estimated or actual expenditures for heat, light, water, cooking fuel, and other utilities, and other reasonable expenditures which the authority determines to be a part of housing charges. See Michigan Laws 125.1451

Housing development: means a development that contains a significant element of housing for persons of low or moderate income and elements of other housing and commercial, recreational, industrial, communal, and educational facilities that the authority determines improve the quality of the development as it relates to housing for persons of low or moderate income. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Housing project: means any of the following:

(i) Residential real property developed or to be developed or receiving benefits under this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Housing unit: means living accommodations that are intended for occupancy by up to 4 families, with a separate dwelling unit for each family, that may be site constructed or may be a mobile home or other form of manufactured housing, and with respect to which either of the following applies:

(i) The owner of the housing occupies at least 1 of the dwelling units. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.

Improve: means to build, alter, repair, or demolish an improvement upon, connected with, or beneath the surface of any real property, to excavate, clear, grade, fill, or landscape any real property, to construct driveways and roadways, or to perform labor upon improvements. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

Improved area: includes parking lots, harbors, parks, beaches, public telephones, and drinking fountains. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Improvement: includes , but is not limited to, all or any part of any building, structure, erection, alteration, demolition, excavation, clearing, grading, filling, landscaping, trees, shrubbery, driveways, and roadways on real property. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

in writing: shall be construed to include printing, engraving, and lithographing; except that if the written signature of a person is required by law, the signature shall be the proper handwriting of the person or, if the person is unable to write, the person's proper mark, which may be, unless otherwise expressly prohibited by law, a clear and classifiable fingerprint of the person made with ink or another substance. See Michigan Laws 8.3q

Income: means an amount determined in a manner consistent with the determination of lower income families under section 8 of the United States housing act of 1937, 42 USC 1437f. See Michigan Laws 125.1459

Incremental costs of compliance: means the net revenue required by an electric provider to comply with the renewable energy standard, calculated as provided under section 47. See Michigan Laws 460.1007

Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}

Indian reservation: means an Indian community which has land held in trust for the Indian community by the federal or state government, or a local unit of government, or which owns the land in its own name. See Michigan Laws 125.1551

Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.

Indigent: means an individual to whom 1 or more of the following apply:

(i) He or she has been found by a court to be indigent within the last 6 months. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Individual living unit: means an accommodation containing a living area, 1 to 4 sleeping areas, bathing and sanitation facilities, and cooking facilities equipped with a cooking range, refrigerator, and sink, all of which are separate and distinct from any other accommodations. See Michigan Laws 125.1459

Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.

Inland waters of this state: means the waters within the jurisdiction of the state except Saginaw river, Lakes Michigan, Superior, Huron, and Erie, and the bays and the connecting waters. See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Institution of higher education: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A public or private community college, college, or university. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Instrument: means a negotiable instrument or any other writing that evidences a right to the payment of a monetary obligation, is not itself a security agreement or lease, and is of a type that in ordinary course of business is transferred by delivery with any necessary indorsement or assignment. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Interconnection: means the technical arrangements and other elements necessary to permit the connection between the switched networks of 2 or more providers to enable a telecommunication service originating on the network of 1 provider to terminate on the network of another provider. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}

Internal revenue code: means the United States internal revenue code of 1986. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Intervenor: means a person who goes to the aid of one who has become a victim of a crime and who suffers personal injury. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Inventory: means goods, other than farm products, that meet 1 of the following:

(i) Are leased by a person as lessor. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Investment property: means a security, whether certificated or uncertificated, security entitlement, securities account, commodity contract, or commodity account. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Irrevocable trust: A trust arrangement that cannot be revoked, rescinded, or repealed by the grantor.

Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants.

Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.

Jurisdiction: means , except as otherwise provided in section 3, other states of the United States, the District of Columbia, territories and possessions of the United States, foreign countries, or political subdivisions of foreign countries. See Michigan Laws 3.161

Lake management plan: means a document that contains all of the following:

(i) A description of the physical, chemical, and biological attributes of a waterbody. See Michigan Laws 324.3302

Land: includes lands, tenements, and real estate and rights to and interests in lands, tenements, and real estate. See Michigan Laws 324.2130

land disposal wastewater management program: means the program developed in the United States army corps of engineers southeastern Michigan survey scope wastewater management study, as authorized by section 102 of title I of the federal water pollution control act, chapter 758, 86 Stat. See Michigan Laws 324.5101

Landing area: means an area of an airport, landing field, or other aeronautical facility used or intended for use in landing, taking off, or taxiing of aircraft, excluding area and facilities for shelter, servicing, or repair of aircraft or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo. See Michigan Laws 259.6

Landing field: means any location, either on land or water, that is used for the landing or take-off of aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.6

Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}

Legacy: A gift of property made by will.

Legislative body: means the elected body of a local government having legislative powers. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Legislative body: means the elected body of a local government that has legislative powers. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Letter-of-credit right: means a right to payment or performance under a letter of credit, whether or not the beneficiary has demanded or is at the time entitled to demand payment or performance. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.

License: means a license issued under this act. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

license: means a license issued by the department to operate a game bird hunting preserve. See Michigan Laws 324.41701

License: means a game breeder's license issued pursuant to this part. See Michigan Laws 324.42701

Licensed professional engineer: means a professional engineer licensed under article 20 of the occupational code, 1980 PA 299, MCL 339. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.

Lien creditor: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A creditor that has acquired a lien on the property involved by attachment, levy, or the like. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Limited dividend housing corporation: means a corporation incorporated or qualified pursuant to the corporation laws of this state and chapter 6 and a limited dividend housing association organized and qualified pursuant to chapter 7. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Line of duty: as used in this act means an act performed by a member of the state military establishment in obedience to or in conformity with a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service or an act performed which is not in violation of a law, rule, regulation, order, command or custom of the military service, or that will not bring discredit to the military service. See Michigan Laws 32.521

Listed offense: means a tier I, tier II, or tier III offense. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.

Load management: means measures or programs that target equipment or behavior to result in decreased peak electricity demand such as by shifting demand from a peak to an off-peak period. See Michigan Laws 460.1007

Loan: means a loan from the loan program. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Loan program: means the strategic water quality initiatives loan program established under section 5202. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Local agencies: means local units of government or other public bodies created by or pursuant to state law and having jurisdiction over collecting sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.4901

Local calling area: means a geographic area encompassing 1 or more local communities as described in maps, tariffs, or rate schedules filed with and approved by the commission. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Local chief executive officer: means the mayor or manager of a city or village, the township supervisor of a township, or the county executive of a county or, if a county does not have a county executive, the chairperson of the county board of commissioners. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Local directory assistance: means the provision by telephone of a listed telephone number within the caller's area code. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Local exchange rate: means the monthly and usage rate, including all necessary and attendant charges, imposed for basic local exchange service to customers. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

local exchange service: means the provision of an access line and usage within a local calling area for the transmission of high-quality 2-way interactive switched voice or data communication. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Local government: means a county, city, township, or village that owns or operates an airport. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Local government: means a county, city, township, or village that creates the regional authority. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Local governmental unit: means a county, township, city, or village within this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1572

Local health department: means that term as defined in section 1105 of the public health code, 1978 PA 368, MCL 333. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Local law enforcement agency: means the police department of a municipality. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Local public agency: means the official body of a municipality authorized to plan and implement the development and redevelopment of the municipality. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

local unit: means a municipality or county. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Local unit: means a county, city, village, or township or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Loop: means the transmission facility between the network interface on a subscriber's premises and the main distribution frame in the servicing central office. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Low and moderate income housing: means housing financed by bond issues authorized under this act, by federally-aided mortgages as defined in section 11(c), or by other programs directed toward providing housing within the financial means of low and moderate income families as the authority shall determine. See Michigan Laws 125.1451

Low income or moderate income persons: means families and persons who cannot afford to pay the amounts at which private enterprise, without federally-aided mortgages or loans from the authority, is providing a substantial supply of decent, safe, and sanitary housing and who fall within income limitations set in this act or by the authority in its rules. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Majority leader: see Floor Leaders

Manufactured home: means a structure, transportable in 1 or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body feet or more in width or 40 body feet or more in length, or when erected on site, is 320 or more square feet, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems contained therein. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Manufactured-home transaction: means a secured transaction that creates a purchase-money security interest in a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, or in which a manufactured home, other than a manufactured home held as inventory, is the primary collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Manufacturer: means a person engaged in the business of manufacturing aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, component parts, appliances, or accessories. See Michigan Laws 259.6

Manufacturer: means a person that prepares, produces, derives, propagates, compounds, processes, packages, or repackages a drug or device salable on prescription only, or otherwise changes the container or the labeling of a drug or device salable on prescription only, and that supplies, distributes, sells, offers for sale, barters, or otherwise disposes of that drug or device and any other drug or device salable on prescription only, to another person for resale, compounding, or dispensing. See Michigan Laws 333.17706

Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund: means the Michigan conservation and recreation legacy fund established in section 40 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 2002. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Michigan cyber civilian corps: means the program established by this act under which civilian volunteers who have expertise in addressing cybersecurity incidents may volunteer at the invitation of the department to provide rapid response assistance to a municipal, educational, nonprofit, or critical infrastructure organization in need of expert assistance during a cybersecurity incident. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer: means an individual who has entered into a volunteer agreement with the department to serve as a deployable volunteer in the Michigan cyber civilian corps. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Michigan national guard: means the army national guard and the air national guard. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Military: means a reference to all components of the state military establishment. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Military establishment: means the organized militia of this state, including the employees and equipment assigned or necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Mineral: means that term as defined in section 2 of the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b

Mineral: means an inorganic substance that can be extracted from the earth, except for oil or gas, and includes rock, metal ores, and mineral water. See Michigan Laws 324.43701

Minnows: means chubs, shiners, suckers, when of a size ordinarily used for bait in hook and line fishing, dace, stonerollers, muddlers, and mudminnows. See Michigan Laws 324.48728

Minor: means a victim of a listed offense who was less than 18 years of age at the time the offense was committed. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Minority leader: See Floor Leaders

Mixed use buildings: means buildings that can be used for more than 1 purpose, and in any combination, including, but not limited to, residential housing combined with either commercial or retail space. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Mobile home: means a vehicular, portable structure that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) Is built on a chassis pursuant to the national manufactured housing construction and safety standards act of 1974, 42 USC 5401 to 5426. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Mobile home: means a structure, transportable in 1 or more sections, that is built on a chassis and is designed to be used as a dwelling with or without permanent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, and includes the plumbing, heating, air conditioning, and electrical systems contained in the structure. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mobile home condominium project: means a condominium project in which mobile homes are intended to be located upon separate sites that constitute individual condominium units and that complies with the condominium act, 1978 PA 59, MCL 559. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mobile home park: means a parcel or tract of land under the control of a person or entity upon which 3 or more mobile homes are located on a continual, nonrecreational, residential basis and that is offered to the public for general public use for continual, nonrecreational, residential purposes regardless of whether a charge is made for that use, together with any social, recreational, commercial, and communal facilities used or intended for use incident to the occupancy of a mobile home. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mobile home park association: means a mobile home park association organized and qualified in accordance with chapter 9. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mobile home park corporation: means a corporation incorporated pursuant to the corporation laws of this state and qualified in accordance with chapter 8. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Moderate cost residential rental property: means dwelling units for which the rental payments are equal to or less than that established from time to time as the fair market rents for existing housing in accordance with 1 of the following:

(i) The section 8 leased housing program established under section 8 of the United States housing act of 1937, 42 USC 1437f, and the regulations promulgated under that act, or a substantially equivalent successor federal program. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mollusk: means any mollusk of the classes Bivalvia and Gastropoda. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Money: means a medium of exchange authorized or adopted by a domestic or foreign government. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

month: means a calendar month; the word "year" a calendar year; and the word "year" alone shall be equivalent to the words "year of our Lord". See Michigan Laws 8.3j

Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.

Mortgage: means a consensual interest in real property, including fixtures, which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Mortgage lender: means a state or national bank, state or federal savings and loan association, mortgage company, insurance company, state pension fund, or any other financial institution, intermediary, or entity authorized to make mortgage loans in this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}

Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.

Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.

Multifamily housing: means a building or buildings providing housing to 2 or more households, none of which is owner occupied. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

municipalities: as used in this part means and includes a county, city, village, township, school district, metropolitan district, port district, drainage district, authority, or other governmental authority, agency, or department within or of the state with power to acquire, construct, improve, or operate facilities for the prevention or abatement of water pollution, or any combination of such governmental agencies. See Michigan Laws 324.4501

Municipality: means a county, city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Municipality: means a city, village, or township of this state. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Municipality: means a city, village, or township in this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Municipality: means a city, village, or township. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Municipality: means this state, a county, city, village, or township, or an agency or instrumentality of any of these entities. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Municipality: includes a metropolitan district, a water or sewer authority created by law, or a county, township, charter township, incorporated city, or incorporated village. See Michigan Laws 324.4701

Municipality: means that term as it is defined in section 5301. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Municipality: means a city, village, county, township, authority, or other public body, including either of the following:

(i) An intermunicipal agency of 2 or more municipalities, authorized or created under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Municipality: means a city, village, county, township, authority, public school district, or other public body with taxing authority, including an intermunicipal agency of 2 or more municipalities, authorized or created under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

municipality or other entity: means a county, city, school district, or other entity that has received a federal bond limitation allocation. See Michigan Laws 125.1295

Mutual housing association: means a corporation organized in accordance with chapter 10. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}

National response center: means the National Communications Center established under the clean water act, 33 USC 1251 to 1387, located in Washington, DC, that receives and relays notice of oil discharge or releases of hazardous substances to appropriate federal officials. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Native: means indigenous to any location in this state. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Natural gas provider: means an investor-owned business engaged in the sale and distribution at retail of natural gas within this state whose rates are regulated by the commission. See Michigan Laws 460.1009

New debtor: means a person that becomes bound as debtor under section 9203(4) by a security agreement previously entered into by another person. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

New value: means money, money's worth in property, services, or new credit, or release by a transferee of an interest in property previously transferred to the transferee. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.

Nonaquatic: describes a bird, insect other than a wiggler, or mammal. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Noncash proceeds: means proceeds other than cash proceeds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Noncommunity water supply: means a public water supply that is not a community water supply, but that has not less than 15 service connections or that serves not less than 25 individuals on an average daily basis for not less than 60 days per year. See Michigan Laws 324.5402

Nongame fish: includes all kinds of fish except game fish. See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Nongame fish and wildlife: means fish or wild animals that are unconfined and not ordinarily taken for sport, fur, or food, and the habitat that supports them. See Michigan Laws 324.43901

Nonnative: means not native. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Nonoceangoing vessel: means a vessel that is not an oceangoing vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Nonpoint source project: means construction activities designed to reduce nonpoint source pollution consistent with the state nonpoint source management plan under section 319 of the federal water pollution control act, 33 USC 1329. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Nonprofit housing corporation: means a nonprofit corporation incorporated under the corporation laws of this state and chapter 4. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Oath: A promise to tell the truth.

oath: shall be construed to include the word "affirmation" in all cases where by law an affirmation may be substituted for an oath; and in like cases the word "sworn" shall be construed to include the word "affirmed". See Michigan Laws 8.3k

Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.

Obligor: means a person that, with respect to an obligation secured by a security interest in or an agricultural lien on the collateral, owes payment or other performance of the obligation, has provided property other than the collateral to secure payment or other performance of the obligation, or is otherwise accountable in whole or in part for payment or other performance of the obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Oceangoing vessel: means a vessel that operates on the Great Lakes or the St. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Office: means the office of Hispanic/Latino affairs as created in section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.301

Officer: means a commissioned officer and a warrant officer, unless a distinction between commissioned officer and warrant officer is clearly evident. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Officer: means a supervisor, treasurer, clerk, or trustee. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

Oil: means natural crude oil or petroleum and other hydrocarbons, regardless of gravity, which are produced at the well in liquid form by ordinary production methods and which are not the result of condensation of gas after it leaves the underground reservoir. See Michigan Laws 324.43701

Open season: means the time during which fish may be legally taken or killed and includes both the first and last day of the season or period designated by this part. See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Operator service: means a telecommunication service that includes automatic or live assistance to a person to arrange for completion and billing of a telephone call originating within this state that is specified by the caller through a method other than 1 of the following:

(i) Automatic completion with billing to the telephone from which the call originated. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Optional retirement program: means a system of retirement benefits established as a part of the plan of compensation for eligible teaching and administrative personnel. See Michigan Laws 38.382

Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.

Organization: means a person other than an individual. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Original debtor: means , except as used in section 9310(3), a person that, as debtor, entered into a security agreement to which a new debtor has become bound under section 9203(4). See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Other laws and ordinances: means other laws and ordinances whether enacted by this state or by a county, city, village, or township and the rules issued under those laws and ordinances. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.

Owner: means the owner of the freehold of the premises or lesser estate in the premises, a mortgagee or vendee in possession, an assignee of rents, receiver, executor, trustee, or lessee, or any other person, sole proprietorship, partnership, association, or corporation directly or indirectly in control of a building, structure, or real property or his or her duly authorized agent. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.

Party: means a person or agency named, admitted, or properly seeking and entitled of right to be admitted, as a party in a contested case. See Michigan Laws 24.205

Payment intangible: means a general intangible under which the account debtor's principal obligation is a monetary obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Payphone service: means a telephone call provided from a public, semipublic, or individually owned and operated telephone that is available to the public and is accessed by the depositing of coin or currency or by other means of payment at the time the call is made. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Person: means any individual, firm, partnership, association, and corporation. See Michigan Laws 3.161

Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental entity, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Person: means an individual, partnership, association, business corporation, banking institution, nonprofit corporation, common law trust, joint stock company, or any other group of individuals, however organized. See Michigan Laws 445.1102

Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental entity, or any other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Person: means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, governmental entity, or other legal entity. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

person: may extend and be applied to bodies politic and corporate, as well as to individuals. See Michigan Laws 8.3l

Personal injury: means either of the following injuries:

(i) Actual bodily harm, including pregnancy or death. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Personal property: All property that is not real property.

Physically limited: means a temporary or permanent impairment or condition which causes a person to use a wheelchair; causes a person to walk with difficulty or insecurity; affects sight or hearing to the extent that a person is insecure or exposed to danger; or causes faulty coordination or reduces mobility, flexibility, coordination, or perceptiveness; and means persons who are limited in ambulation. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.

plan: means a plan approved under section 22 or former section 21 or 23 or found to comply with this act under former section 25, with any amendments adopted under this act. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Plans and specifications: means a true description or representation of the entire sewerage system and parts of a system as the sewerage system exists or is to be constructed, and also a full and fair statement of how the system is to be operated. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.

Plea agreement: An arrangement between the prosecutor, the defense attorney, and the defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for special considerations. ^Source:

Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.

Political subdivision: means a county, city, village, or township of this state, and any other political subdivision, public corporation, authority, or district in this state that is or may be authorized by law to acquire, establish, construct, maintain, improve, and operate airports, landing fields, and other aeronautical facilities. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Pollution control facilities: means water or air pollution control equipment or solid waste disposal facilities located within or without the limits of the municipality. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}

Pre-effective-date financing statement: means a financing statement filed before the effective date of this amendatory act. See Michigan Laws 440.9801

Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.

Premanufactured unit: means an assembly of materials or products intended to comprise all or part of a building or structure, and that is assembled at other than the final location of the unit of the building or structure by a repetitive process under circumstances intended to ensure uniformity of quality and material content. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}

President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.

Primary public safety answering point: means that term as defined in section 102 of the emergency telephone service enabling act, 1986 PA 32, MCL 484. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Priority list: means the annual ranked listing of projects developed by the department in section 5303. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Priority list: means the annual ranked listing of projects developed by the department in section 5406. See Michigan Laws 324.5403

private enterprise: means a business which provides goods or services and which is not a governmental entity. See Michigan Laws 17.51

Private landing area: means any location, either on land or water, that is used for the takeoff or landing of aircraft and the use of which is restricted to the owner or persons authorized by the owner. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.

Probate: Proving a will

Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.

Proceeds: means , except as used in section 9609(2), 1 or more of the following property:

(i) Whatever is acquired upon the sale, lease, license, exchange, or other disposition of collateral. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Program: means the inland lake aquatic invasive plant species control and eradication program established in section 41402. See Michigan Laws 324.41401

Progress payment: means a payment by a public agency to a contractor for work in place under the terms of a construction contract. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Project: means land or an interest in land, existing or planned improvements, machinery, furnishings, or equipment suitable for use by any of the following:

(i) An industrial or commercial enterprise, including agricultural and forestry enterprises and enterprises designed to produce energy from renewable resources. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Project: means those activities defined under section 58c. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Project: means a proposal to install within 1 general area a new wastewater collection system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Project: means a sewage treatment works project, stormwater management project, or nonpoint source project, or a combination of these and may include utilization of more efficient energy and resources as described in any of the following:

(i) The cost-effective governmental energy use act, 2012 PA 625, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Project: means a project related to the planning, design, and construction or alteration of a waterworks system and may include utilization of more efficient energy and resources as described in any of the following:

(i) The cost-effective governmental energy use act, 2012 PA 625, MCL 18. See Michigan Laws 324.5403

Project area: means that land area or an interest in a land area within the municipality which will be acquired in the implementation of a project or which will be the permanent site of machinery, furnishings, or equipment constituting all or part of a project. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Project citizens district council: means a project citizens district council established pursuant to this act. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Project cost: means the sum total of all reasonable or necessary costs incurred by the nonprofit housing corporation, consumer housing cooperative, limited dividend housing corporation, mobile home park corporation, or mobile home park association for carrying out all works and undertakings for the completion of a housing project and approved by the authority. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

project costs: includes costs for all of the following: studies and surveys; plans, specifications, and architectural and engineering services; legal, organization, marketing, or other special services; financing, acquisition, demolition, construction, equipment, and site development of new and rehabilitated buildings; movement of existing buildings to other sites; rehabilitation, reconstruction, repair, or remodeling of existing buildings; carrying charges during construction; the cost of placement of tenants or occupants, and relocation services in connection with a housing project; and, to the extent not already included, all development costs. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Project district area: means that portion of a municipality and any area adjacent to a municipality, as determined by its governing body, which contains a project area and the surrounding territory that will be significantly affected by a project. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Project plan: means that information and those requirements for a project set forth in section 8. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Promissory note: means an instrument that evidences a promise to pay a monetary obligation, does not evidence an order to pay, and does not contain an acknowledgment by a bank that the bank has received for deposit a sum of money or funds. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Proposal: means a record authenticated by a secured party which includes the terms on which the secured party is willing to accept collateral in full or partial satisfaction of the obligation it secures pursuant to sections 9620, 9621, and 9622. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.

Protected consumer: means either of the following:

(i) An individual who is under 16 years of age at the time a request for the placement of a security freeze is made. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Provider: means an electric provider or a natural gas provider. See Michigan Laws 460.1009

provider: means a person that for compensation provides 1 or more telecommunication services. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Public agency: means this state, or a county, city, township, village, assessment district, or other political subdivision, corporation, commission, agency, or authority created by law. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Public domain: means all land owned by this state or land deeded to this state under state law. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Public facility: means a building, structure, or improved area utilized for purposes of education, employment, housing other than a privately owned 1 or 2 family dwelling, transportation, or recreation and for the purchase, rental, or acquisition of goods or services, which is not a facility used by the public as defined in subdivision (d), and which is:

(i) Owned by, or on behalf of, the state or its political subdivisions. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.

Public use facility: means an airport, landing field, or other aeronautical facility that is available for use by the general public without prior approval of the owner or operator. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Public water supply: means a waterworks system that provides water for drinking or household purposes to persons other than the water supplier, except for those waterworks systems that supply water to only 1 house, apartment, or other domicile occupied or intended to be occupied on a day-to-day basis by an individual, family group, or equivalent. See Michigan Laws 324.5403

Purchase: means taking by sale, lease, discount, negotiation, mortgage, pledge, lien, security interest, issue or reissue, gift, or any other voluntary transaction creating an interest in property. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Purchaser: means a person that takes by purchase. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

PURPA: means the public utility regulatory policies act of 1978, Public Law 95-617. See Michigan Laws 460.1009

Qualified airport: means an airport, other than a military airport, that has 10,000,000 or more enplanements in any 12-month period. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Qualified airport: means that term as defined in section 109. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Qualified taxpayer: means a taxpayer subject to the minerals severance tax levied under the nonferrous metallic minerals extraction severance tax act. See Michigan Laws 206.31b

Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.

Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.

Real property: means the real estate that is improved, including, but not limited to, lands, leaseholds, tenements, hereditaments, and improvements placed on the real property. See Michigan Laws 125.1591

Recombinant nucleic acid techniques: means laboratory techniques through which genetic material is isolated and manipulated in vitro and then inserted into an organism. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Record: means a compilation of information that meets all of the following:

(i) Identifies a protected consumer. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}

Regional authority: means a regional airport authority created under section 139 and governed by a board. See Michigan Laws 259.138

Registered organization: means an organization organized solely under the law of a single state or the United States by the filing of a public organic record with, the issuance of a public organic record by, or the enactment of legislation by the state or the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Registering authority: means the local law enforcement agency or sheriff's office having jurisdiction over the individual's residence, place of employment, or institution of higher learning, or the nearest department post designated to receive or enter sex offender registration information within a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Registration jurisdiction: means each of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Indian tribes within the United States that elect to function as a registration jurisdiction. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Rehabilitation: means all or part of those repairs and improvements necessary to make residential real property safe, sanitary, or adequate. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.

Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.

Renewable energy: means electricity or steam generated using a renewable energy system. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy credit: means a credit granted under a certification and tracking program established under section 41, which represents generated renewable energy. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy credit portfolio: means the sum of the renewable energy credits achieved by a provider for a particular year. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy credit standard: means a minimum renewable energy credit portfolio required under section 28 or former section 27. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy resource: means a resource that naturally replenishes over a human, not a geological, time frame and that is ultimately derived from solar power, water power, or wind power. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy standard: means the minimum renewable energy capacity portfolio, if applicable, and the renewable energy credit portfolio required to be achieved under section 28 or former section 27. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Renewable energy system: means a facility, electricity generation system, or set of electricity generation systems that use 1 or more renewable energy resources to generate electricity or steam. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

rental: means all regular charges paid on a periodic basis to a housing corporation by a person or family living in a rental or cooperative housing project, excluding initial down payments. See Michigan Laws 125.1451

Representative: means an individual who provides to a consumer reporting agency sufficient proof of authority to act on behalf of a protected consumer. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Reptile: means any turtle, snake, or lizard of the class Reptilia. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.

Reservation governor: means the chairperson or president of the elected governing council of an Indian reservation. See Michigan Laws 125.1551

Residence: as used in this act , for registration and voting purposes means that place at which a person habitually sleeps, keeps his or her personal effects, and has a regular place of lodging. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Residential real property: means real property located in this state, used for residential purposes, and improved or to be improved by a residential structure. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Resource adequacy: describes having sufficient resources to provide customers with a continuous supply of electricity at the proper voltage and frequency, virtually always and across a range of reasonably foreseeable conditions. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.

retained funds: means the amount withheld from a progress payment to a contractor pursuant to section 3. See Michigan Laws 125.1561

Retirement commission: means the retirement commission of the employee retirement system of the school district of the city of Detroit. See Michigan Laws 38.371

Retirement system: means the employee retirement system of the school district of the city of Detroit created and established by chapter 2 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 38.371

Retirement system: means the Michigan public school employees' retirement system created by the public school employees retirement act of 1979, Act No. See Michigan Laws 38.382

Revenue recovery mechanism: means the mechanism for recovery of incremental costs of compliance provided for under section 22. See Michigan Laws 460.1011

Right: includes remedy. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 259.7

Rule: means a rule promulgated pursuant to the administrative procedures act of 1969, 1969 PA 306, MCL 24. See Michigan Laws 324.301

Seaplane: means an aircraft that is capable of landing and taking off on the water. See Michigan Laws 259.8

Seaplane base: means an area of water used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft, together with appurtenant shoreside buildings and facilities. See Michigan Laws 259.8

Secondary obligor: means an obligor to the extent that the obligor's obligation is secondary or the obligor has a right of recourse with respect to an obligation secured by collateral against the debtor, another obligor, or property of either. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Secured party: means 1 or more of the following:

(i) A person in whose favor a security interest is created or provided for under a security agreement, whether or not any obligation to be secured is outstanding. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Security agreement: means an agreement that creates or provides for a security interest. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Security freeze: means a restriction placed on a consumer's credit report at the request of the consumer that prohibits a consumer reporting agency from releasing the consumer's credit report or any information derived from the consumer's credit report without the express authorization of or on behalf of the consumer. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Security interest: means an interest in personal property or fixtures which secures payment or performance of an obligation. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

Sediments: means any matter settled out of ballast water within a vessel. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.

services: includes regulated and unregulated services offered to customers for the transmission of 2-way interactive communication and associated usage. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.

Sewage disposal systems: includes all interceptor sewers, storm sewers, sanitary sewers, combined sanitary and storm sewers, sewage treatment plants, and all other plants, works, instrumentalities, and properties used or useful in connection with the collection, treatment, and disposal of sewage and industrial wastes. See Michigan Laws 324.4701

Sewage sludge: means sewage sludge generated in the treatment of domestic sewage, other than only septage or industrial waste. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Sewage sludge derivative: means a product for land application derived from sewage sludge that does not include solid waste or other waste regulated under this act. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Sewage sludge distributor: means a person who applies, markets, or distributes, except at retail, a sewage sludge derivative. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Sewage sludge generator: means a person who generates sewage sludge that is applied to land. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Sewage treatment works project: means construction activities on any device or system for the treatment, storage, collection, conveyance, recycling, or reclamation of the sewage of a municipality, including combined sewer overflow correction and major rehabilitation of sewers. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Sewerage system: means a system of pipes and structures including pipes, channels, conduits, manholes, pumping stations, sewage or waste treatment works, diversion and regulatory devices, outfall structures, and appurtenances, collectively or severally, actually used or intended for use by the public for the purpose of collecting, conveying, transporting, treating, or otherwise handling sanitary sewage or other industrial liquid wastes that are capable of adversely affecting the public health. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

shall not apply: means that the pertinent provision is not operative as to certain persons or things or in conjunction with a particular date or dates. See Michigan Laws 8.4c

Simple pumping station and force main: means the installation of a duplex pumping station and a force main with only 1 high point and of length of no more than 2,000 feet that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Site: means , except as used in part 8, a contiguous site, regardless of the number of meters at that site. See Michigan Laws 460.1013

Small diameter pressure sewer and grinder pumping station: means a single project that includes the installation of new pressure sewers totaling not more than 5,000 feet and not more than 25 grinder pumping stations with each grinder pumping station serving not more than 5 separate owners and that is to be connected to an existing gravity collection system to provide sewer service to new areas previously not served by the public sewer system. See Michigan Laws 324.4101

Software: means a computer program and any supporting information provided in connection with a transaction relating to the program. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Solid waste disposal facilities: means buildings, plants, structures, equipment, or facilities and their appurtenances, together with land or an interest in land or a portion of land, for the purpose of treating, shredding, compression, high temperature incineration, pyrolization, separation, or any other technology for recovery, transporting, storing, or the final placement and disposal of solid wastes resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade, or business, from the development, processing, or recovery of any natural resources, or from the operation of any public utility. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Special duty: means military service in support of the full-time operation of the state military establishment for a period of not less than 1 day if ordered by competent authority. See Michigan Laws 32.505

Sponsor: means the public agency authorized by subchapter I of chapter 471 of title 49 of the United States Code, 49 U. See Michigan Laws 259.109

Sponsor: means a public agency authorized by 49 USC 47101 to 47134 to submit requests for, accept, and be responsible for performing all of the assurances associated with accepting grant agreements with respect to airports from the FAA or this state, and to perform some duties and responsibilities previously assumed by the local government that owns or operates the airport before the transfer of operational jurisdiction of the airport to an authority created under this chapter by virtue of the local government's acceptance before the approval date of grants for the benefit of the airport from the FAA or another agency of the United States or this state. See Michigan Laws 259.138

State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

State agency: means a department, board, commission, office, agency, authority, or other unit of state government. See Michigan Laws 2.161

State institution of higher education: means an institution of higher education described in sections 4, 5, and 6 of article VIII of the state constitution of 1963. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

State primary surface: means a surface longitudinally centered on a runway. See Michigan Laws 259.8

State supported institution of higher education: means any of the following:

(i) Western Michigan university. See Michigan Laws 38.382

State water pollution control revolving fund: means the state water pollution control revolving fund established under section 16a of the shared credit rating act, 1985 PA 227, MCL 141. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Statewide median gross income: means the statewide median gross income as determined under section 143(f) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 143(f). See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Statute: A law passed by a legislature.

Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.

Statutes at large: A chronological listing of the laws enacted each Congress. They are published in volumes numbered by Congress.

Stock: means game. See Michigan Laws 324.42701

Stormwater management project: means construction activities of a municipality on any device or system for the treatment, storage, recycling, or reclamation of storm water that is conveyed by a storm sewer that is separate from a sanitary sewer. See Michigan Laws 324.5301

Structure: means a structure as defined in section 2 of Act No. See Michigan Laws 125.1351

Structure: means that which is built or constructed, an edifice or building of any kind, or a piece of work artificially built up or composed of parts joined together in some definite manner. See Michigan Laws 125.1502a

Student: means an individual enrolled on a full- or part-time basis in a public or private educational institution, including, but not limited to, a secondary school, trade school, professional institution, or institution of higher education. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.

Subsidiary nonprofit housing corporation: means an entity created under section 22c. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Substance use disorder services: means substance use disorder prevention services or substance use disorder treatment and rehabilitation services, or both, as those terms are defined in section 100d of the mental health code, 1974 PA 258, MCL 330. See Michigan Laws 333.6230

Sufficient proof of authority: means documentation that shows that a representative has authority to act on behalf of a protected consumer, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(i) An order issued by a court of law. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Sufficient proof of identification: means information or documentation that identifies a consumer, a protected consumer, or a representative of a protected consumer, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(i) A social security number or a copy of a social security card issued by the social security administration. See Michigan Laws 445.2512

Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.

Supervisor: means the supervisor of a township elected under chapter XVI of the Michigan election law, Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

supplier: means a municipality or its designated representative accepted by the director, a legal business entity, or any other person that owns a public water supply. See Michigan Laws 324.5403

Support: means actual monetary payments made by a victim or intervenor to or for a person principally dependent on the victim or intervenor. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Supporting obligation: means a letter-of-credit right or secondary obligation that supports the payment or performance of an account, chattel paper, a document, a general intangible, an instrument, or investment property. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Supportive housing: means a rental housing project in which some or all of the units are targeted to people with household incomes at or below 30% of area median income and that provide services, either directly or contracted for, to those people that include, but are not limited to, mental health, substance abuse services, counseling services, and daily living services. See Michigan Laws 125.1458

Supportive housing property: means property that meets all of the following requirements:

(i) Is owned by an organization exempt under section 501(c)(3) of the internal revenue code, 26 USC 501, or by a nonprofit housing corporation organized under chapter 4. See Michigan Laws 125.1459

system: means a system of pipes and structures through which water is obtained or distributed and includes any of the following that are actually used or intended to be used for the purpose of furnishing water for drinking or household purposes:

(i) Wells and well structures. See Michigan Laws 324.5403

Tangible chattel paper: means chattel paper evidenced by a record or records consisting of information that is inscribed on a tangible medium. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Taxing jurisdiction: means a municipality, county, or district, including a school district or any special district having the power to levy or collect taxes upon real property or in whose behalf taxes may be levied or collected. See Michigan Laws 125.1411

Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedent

Term: means a portion of an agreement that relates to a particular matter. See Michigan Laws 440.1201

termination statement: as used in this act mean those terms as defined in the uniform commercial code, 1962 PA 174, MCL 440. See Michigan Laws 257.58b

Termination statement: means an amendment of a financing statement that identifies, by its file number, the initial financing statement to which it relates and indicates either that it is a termination statement or that the identified financing statement is no longer effective. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.

Testify: Answer questions in court.

Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.

this amendatory act: means the amendatory act that added this part. See Michigan Laws 440.9701

This amendatory act: means the amendatory act that added this part. See Michigan Laws 440.9801

This amended article: means this article as amended by this amendatory act. See Michigan Laws 440.9801

Threshold reporting quantity: means that term as defined in R 324. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Toll service: means the transmission of 2-way interactive switched communication between local calling areas. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.

Total service long run incremental cost: means , given current service demand, including associated costs of every component necessary to provide the service, 1 of the following:

(i) The total forward-looking cost of a telecommunication service, relevant group of services, or basic network component, using current least cost technology that would be required if the provider had never offered the service. See Michigan Laws 484.2102

Township board: means the township board of a township constituted as provided in section 70. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

Tract: means tract as that term is used by the United States department of commerce, bureau of the census in conducting the 2010 decennial census. See Michigan Laws 3.55

Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.

Transit-oriented development: means infrastructure improvements that are located within 1/2 mile of a transit station or transit-oriented facility that promotes transit ridership or passenger rail use. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Transit-oriented facility: means a facility that houses a transit station in a manner that promotes transit ridership or passenger rail use. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Transmitting utility: means a person primarily engaged in the business of 1 of the following:

(i) Operating a railroad, subway, street railway, or trolley bus. See Michigan Laws 440.9102

Treasurer: means the treasurer of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.

Trout stream: means any stream or portion of a stream that contains a significant population of any species of trout or salmon as determined by the department. See Michigan Laws 324.48701

Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}

Trust fund: means the Michigan game and fish protection trust fund established in section 41 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43702. See Michigan Laws 324.43701

Trust fund: means the Michigan nongame fish and wildlife trust fund established in section 42 of article IX of the state constitution of 1963 and provided for in section 43902. See Michigan Laws 324.43901

Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.

Trustee: means a trustee of a township elected under chapter XVI of Act No. See Michigan Laws 41.1b

Ultralight: means an aircraft meeting requirements of 14 C. See Michigan Laws 259.9

Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}

Unit of local government: means a political subdivision of this state, including school districts, community college districts, intermediate school districts, public school academies, cities, villages, townships, counties, and authorities, if the political subdivision has as its primary purpose the providing of local governmental service for citizens in a geographically limited area of the state and has the power to act primarily on behalf of that area. See Michigan Laws 2.161

Utility system resource cost test: means a standard that is met for an investment in energy waste reduction if, on a life cycle basis, using a real societal discount rate based on actual long-term United States treasury bond yields, the total avoided supply-side costs to the provider, including representative values for electricity or natural gas supply, transmission, distribution, and other associated costs, are greater than the total costs to the provider of administering and delivering the energy waste reduction program, including net costs for any provider incentives paid by customers and capitalized costs recovered under section 89. See Michigan Laws 460.1013

Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.

Vehicle: means that term as defined in section 79 of the Michigan vehicle code, 1949 PA 300, MCL 257. See Michigan Laws 28.722

Vehicle: means any device in, upon, or by which a person or property is or may be transported, except an aircraft. See Michigan Laws 259.9

Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.

Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.

Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.

Victim: means a person who suffers a personal injury as a direct result of a crime. See Michigan Laws 18.351

Victim advocate: work with prosecutors and assist the victims of a crime.

Voice vote: A vote in which the Presiding Officer states the question, then asks those in favor and against to say "Yea" or "Nay," respectively, and announces the result according to his or her judgment. The names or numbers of legisators voting on each side are not recorded.

Volunteer agreement: means the contract entered into between the department and a Michigan cyber civilian corps volunteer or advisor under section 4. See Michigan Laws 18.222

Water and air pollution control equipment: means buildings, plants, structures, equipment, or facilities and their appurtenances, together with land or an interest in land or a portion of land, for the purpose of controlling, eliminating, recovering, removing, reducing, dispersing, treating, or neutralizing atmospheric or water pollutants, including liquid, gaseous, or solid substances or discharges or radiation, or cooling the temperature of atmospheric or water pollutants, or any liquid, gas, or solid, resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade, or business; the development, processing, or recovery of any natural resources; or the operation of any public utility, any of which may pollute or may tend to pollute or affect the water or air of this state or adjacent to this state. See Michigan Laws 125.1603

Water supply system: includes all plants, work, instrumentalities, and properties used or useful in connection with obtaining a water supply, the treatment of water, and the distribution of water. See Michigan Laws 324.4701

waterbody: means groundwaters, lakes, ponds, rivers, streams, and wetlands and all other watercourses and waters within the jurisdiction of this state including the Great Lakes bordering this state. See Michigan Laws 324.3302

Watercraft: means any conveyance used or designed for navigation on water, including, but not limited to, any vessel, ship, boat, motor vessel, steam vessel, vessel operated by machinery, motorboat, sailboat, barge, scow, tugboat, and rowboat. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Waters: means any inland lake, stream, river, pond, or other body of water including the Great Lakes and connecting waters, any part or portion of such waters, and any and all chains, systems, or combinations of such waters, in any township or townships or county or counties, within this state, and in which any species of fish or waterfowl are protected by the laws of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.41101

Waters of the state: means groundwaters, lakes, rivers, and streams and all other watercourses and waters, including the Great Lakes, within the jurisdiction of this state. See Michigan Laws 324.3101

Wayne service: means creditable service of an employee of the board of education who has been transferred to Wayne state university and includes creditable service prior to such transfer and service as an employee of the board of governors of Wayne state university thereafter. See Michigan Laws 38.371

Wetland mitigation bank: means a site where wetlands are restored, created, or preserved for the purpose of doing both of the following:

(i) To provide compensatory mitigation in accordance with the provisions of part 303, in advance of authorized, unavoidable impacts to wetlands. See Michigan Laws 324.5201

Wiggler: means an aquatic egg, nymph, or larva of an insect. See Michigan Laws 324.41301

Wigglers: means Mayfly nymphs or any other aquatic insect nymphs or larvae. See Michigan Laws 324.48728

Wildlife and fisheries: includes any member of the wild animal kingdom, including any mammal, bird, fish, reptile, amphibian, or invertebrate found in this state at any point in its natural life cycle. See Michigan Laws 324.43504

Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.

writing: includes printing, typewriting, or any other intentional reduction to tangible form. See Michigan Laws 440.1201