§ 19.2-295 Ascertainment of punishment.
§ 19.2-295.1 Sentencing proceeding by the jury after conviction.
§ 19.2-295.2 Postrelease supervision of felons sentenced for offenses committed on and after January 1, 1995, and on and after July 1, 2000.
§ 19.2-295.2:1 Postrelease incarceration of felons sentenced for certain offenses committed on or after July 1, 2006.
§ 19.2-295.3 Admission of victim impact testimony.
§ 19.2-296 Withdrawal of plea of guilty.
§ 19.2-297 Repealed.
§ 19.2-297.1 Sentence of person twice previously convicted of certain violent felonies.
§ 19.2-298 Pronouncement of sentence.
§ 19.2-298.01 Use of discretionary sentencing guidelines.
§ 19.2-298.02 Deferred disposition in a criminal case.
§ 19.2-298.1 Repealed.
§ 19.2-299 Investigations and reports by probation officers in certain cases.
§ 19.2-299.1 When Victim Impact Statement required; contents; uses.
§ 19.2-299.2 Alcohol and substance abuse screening and assessment for designated Class 1 misdemeanor convictions.
§ 19.2-299.3 Report of arrest and conviction of school employees by probation and parole officers for certain offenses.
§ 19.2-300 Deferring for mental examination sentence of person convicted of offense indicating sexual abnormality.
§ 19.2-301 Judge shall require examination under § 19.2-300; by whom made; report; expenses of psychiatrist.
§ 19.2-302 Construction and administration of §§ 19.2-300 and 19.2-301.
§ 19.2-303 Suspension or modification of sentence; probation; taking of fingerprints and blood, saliva, or tissue sample as condition of probation.
§ 19.2-303.01 Reduction of sentence; substantial assistance to prosecution.
§ 19.2-303.02 Modification of conditions of suspended sentence or probation to require fingerprinting.
§ 19.2-303.1 Fixing period of suspension of sentence.
§ 19.2-303.2 Persons charged with first offense may be placed on probation.
§ 19.2-303.3 Sentence to local community-based probation services; services agency; requirements for participation; sentencing; and removal from probation; payment of costs towards supervision and services.
§ 19.2-303.4 Payment of costs when proceedings deferred and defendant placed on probation.
§ 19.2-303.5 Expired.
§ 19.2-303.6 Deferred disposition in a criminal case; persons with autism or intellectual disabilities.
§ 19.2-304 Increasing or decreasing probation period and modification of conditions.
§ 19.2-305 Requiring fines, costs, restitution for damages, support, or community services from probationer.
§ 19.2-305.1 Restitution for property damage or loss; community service.
§ 19.2-305.2 Amount of restitution; enforcement.
§ 19.2-305.3 Repealed.
§ 19.2-305.4 When interest to be paid on award of restitution.
§ 19.2-306 Revocation of suspension of sentence and probation.
§ 19.2-306.1 Limitation on sentence upon revocation of suspension of sentence; exceptions.
§ 19.2-306.2 Use of sentencing revocation report and discretionary sentencing guidelines in cases of revocation of suspension of sentence and probation.
§ 19.2-307 Contents of judgment order.
§ 19.2-308 When two or more sentences run concurrently.
§ 19.2-308.1 When sentence may run concurrently with sentence in another jurisdiction.
§ 19.2-309 Sentence of confinement for conviction of a combination of felony and misdemeanor offenses.
§ 19.2-309.1 Sentence of confinement to jail farms maintained by the Cities of Danville, Martinsville and Newport News.
§ 19.2-310 Transfer of prisoners to custody of Director of Department of Corrections.
§ 19.2-310.01 Transmission of sentencing documents.
§ 19.2-310.1 Repealed.
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Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 19.2 > Chapter 18 > Article 1 - General Provisions.

  • Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
  • Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
  • Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
  • Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
  • Chambers: A judge's office.
  • City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
  • Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
  • Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
  • Court: means any court vested with appropriate jurisdiction under the Constitution and laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
  • Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
  • Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
  • Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. Source:
  • Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
  • Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
  • farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
  • in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Virginia Code 1-257
  • Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
  • Judge: means any judge, associate judge or substitute judge of any court or any magistrate. See Virginia Code 19.2-5
  • Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
  • Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
  • Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
  • Person: includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or any other legal or commercial entity and any successor, representative, agent, agency, or instrumentality thereof. See Virginia Code 1-230
  • Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
  • Plea agreement: An arrangement between the prosecutor, the defense attorney, and the defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for special considerations. Source:
  • Presentence report: A report prepared by a court's probation officer, after a person has been convicted of an offense, summarizing for the court the background information needed to determine the appropriate sentence. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
  • Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
  • Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
  • Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. Source: U.S. Courts
  • Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
  • State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes any of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-245
  • Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
  • Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
  • Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
  • sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
  • Testify: Answer questions in court.
  • Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
  • Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
  • United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
  • Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
  • Victim Impact Statement: A written or spoken statement by the victim or his or her representative about the physical, emotional, and financial impact of a crime on the victim. The statement is given to the court before sentencing.