Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 2.2 > Subtitle I > Part C > Chapter 15 - Department of Planning and Budget

• Access partner: means a person that, at the person's physical location in the Commonwealth, facilitates the making and servicing of a loan through provision of some or all of the services described in § Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Acquire: means :

  1. See Virginia Code 6.2-700

• Action: means a judicial proceeding or arbitration in which a payment in money may be awarded or enforced with respect to a foreign-money claim. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Adjournment sine die: The end of a legislative session "without day." These adjournments are used to indicate the final adjournment of an annual or the two-year session of legislature.
• Adult: means a person 18 years of age or more. See Virginia Code 1-203
• Adverse action: means a denial or revocation of credit, a change in the terms of an existing credit arrangement, or a refusal to grant credit in substantially the amount or on substantially the terms requested. See Virginia Code 6.2-500
• advertising: means any written or verbal statement, illustration, or depiction that is calculated to induce sales of retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, marijuana plants, or marijuana seeds, including any written, printed, graphic, digital, electronic, or other material, billboard, sign, or other outdoor display, publication, or radio or television broadcast. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Advisory agency: means any board, commission, committee or post which does not exercise any sovereign power or duty, but is appointed by a governmental agency or officer or is created by law for the purpose of making studies or recommendations, or advising or consulting with a governmental agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affiliated business entity relationship: means a relationship, other than a parent-subsidiary relationship, that exists when (i) one business entity has a controlling ownership interest in the other business entity, (ii) a controlling owner in one entity is also a controlling owner in the other entity, or (iii) there is shared management or control between the business entities. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Agency: means any authority, instrumentality, officer, board or other unit of the state government empowered by the basic laws to make regulations or decide cases. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Agency action: means either an agency's regulation or case decision or both, any violation, compliance, or noncompliance with which could be a basis for the imposition of injunctive orders, penal or civil sanctions of any kind, or the grant or denial of relief or of a license, right, or benefit by any agency or court. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Agreement: means the agreement or agreements between the Commonwealth, as seller of the Tobacco Assets, and the Corporation, as purchaser of the Tobacco Assets. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Applicant: means any person who applies to a creditor directly for an extension, renewal, or continuation of credit, or applies to a creditor indirectly by use of an existing credit plan for an amount exceeding the previously established credit limit. See Virginia Code 6.2-500
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Arranging or brokering: means , with respect to consumer finance loans, negotiating, placing, or finding consumer finance loans for consumers, or offering to negotiate, place, or find consumer finance loans for consumers, in return for compensation paid directly by the consumers. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Association: means a corporation organized as an industrial loan association under the provisions of the Virginia Stock Corporation Act (§ Virginia Code 6.2-1400
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• Authority: means the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority created pursuant to this subtitle. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Bank holding company: has the meaning assigned to it in Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Bank-offered spot rate: means the spot rate of exchange at which a bank will sell foreign money at a spot rate. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beekeeper: means any person who keeps and manages bees for profit, and shall include those growers who keep bees for pollinating crops. See Virginia Code 3.2-2800
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Board: means the Board of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
• Board: means the Virginia Spirits Board. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
• Botanical cannabis: means cannabis that is composed wholly of usable cannabis from the same parts of the same chemovar of cannabis plant. See Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Business: means a corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association, trust or foundation, or any other individual or entity carrying on a business or profession, whether or not for profit. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Business: means any type of corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, or sole proprietorship operated for profit. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Candidate: means a person who seeks or campaigns for an office of the Commonwealth or one of its governmental units in a general, primary, or special election and who is qualified to have his name placed on the ballot for the office. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Cannabis dispensing facility: means a facility that (i) has obtained a permit from the Board pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Cannabis oil: means any formulation of processed Cannabis plant extract, which may include industrial hemp extracts, including isolates and distillates, acquired by a pharmaceutical processor pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Cannabis product: means a product that (i) is formulated with cannabis oil or botanical cannabis; (ii) is produced by a pharmaceutical processor and sold by a pharmaceutical processor or cannabis dispensing facility; (iii) is registered with the Board; (iv) contains, except as otherwise provided in this chapter, no more than 10 milligrams of tetrahydrocannabinol per dose; and (v) is compliant with testing requirements. See Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• case decision: means any agency proceeding or determination that, under laws or regulations at the time, a named party as a matter of past or present fact, or of threatened or contemplated private action, either is, is not, or may or may not be (i) in violation of such law or regulation or (ii) in compliance with any existing requirement for obtaining or retaining a license or other right or benefit. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
• CDFI: means a community development financial institution that provides credit and financial services for underserved communities. See Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• City: means an independent incorporated community which became a city as provided by law before noon on July 1, 1971, or which has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more and which has become a city as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-208
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Commission: means the Tobacco Region Revitalization Commission created pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Commission: means the Tobacco Region Revitalization Commission created pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Commission Allocation: means 50 percent of the annual amount received under the Master Settlement Agreement by the Commonwealth, or that would have been received but for a sale of such allocation pursuant to an agreement, between the commencing and ending dates specified in the agreement. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
• Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Financial Institutions. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Conciliation: means a process in which a neutral facilitates settlement by clarifying issues and serving as an intermediary for negotiations in a manner which is generally more informal and less structured than mediation. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Construction: means building, altering, repairing, improving or demolishing any structure, building or highway, and any draining, dredging, excavation, grading or similar work upon real property. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Consumer finance company: means a person engaged in the business of making loans to individuals for personal, family, household, or other nonbusiness purposes. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Contract: includes a subcontract only when the contract of which it is a part is with the officer's or employee's own governmental agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Conversion date: means the banking day next preceding the date on which money, in accordance with this chapter, is (i) paid to a claimant in an action or distribution proceeding; (ii) paid to the official designated by law to enforce a judgment or award on behalf of a claimant; or (iii) used to recoup, set off, or counterclaim in different moneys in an action or distribution proceeding. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Cooper: means a commercial producer of wooden casks, barrels, and other staved wooden containers who sells at least $10,000 worth of such wooden containers of a type used for the production of spirits. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Corporation: means the Tobacco Settlement Financing Corporation as created under state law. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Council: means the Virginia Conflict of Interest and Ethics Advisory Council established in § 30-355. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
• Country buyer: means any person who buys small grains from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Court: means any juvenile and domestic relations district court, general district court, circuit court, or appellate court, and includes the judges and any intake specialist to whom the judge has delegated specific authority under this chapter. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Credit: means the right granted by a creditor to a debtor to defer payment of debt or to incur debt and defer its payment or to purchase property or services and defer payment therefor. See Virginia Code 6.2-500
• Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. ^{Source: OCC}
• Creditor: means any person who regularly extends, renews, or continues credit; any person who regularly arranges for the extension, renewal, or continuation of credit; or any assignee of an original creditor who participates in the decision to extend, renew, or continue credit. See Virginia Code 6.2-500
• Cross pollination: means the transfer of pollen from the anthers of blossoms to the stigmas of other blossoms of the same crops or a variety of the same crop. See Virginia Code 3.2-2800
• cultivate: means the planting, propagation, growing, harvesting, drying, curing, grading, trimming, or other similar processing of marijuana for use or sale. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Department: means the Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services. See Virginia Code 3.2-100
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Designated caregiver facility: means any hospice or hospice facility licensed pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Dispense: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Dispute resolution proceeding: means any structured process in which a neutral assists disputants in reaching a voluntary settlement by means of dispute resolution techniques such as mediation, conciliation, early neutral evaluation, nonjudicial settlement conferences or any other proceeding leading to a voluntary settlement conducted consistent with the requirements of this chapter. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Dispute resolution program: means a program that offers dispute resolution services to the public, which is run by the Commonwealth or any private for-profit or not-for-profit organization, political subdivision, or public corporation, or a combination of these. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Dispute resolution services: includes screening and intake of disputants, conducting dispute resolution proceedings, drafting agreements and providing information or referral services. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Distribution proceeding: means a judicial or nonjudicial proceeding for the distribution of a fund in which one or more foreign-money claims are asserted and includes an accounting, an assignment for the benefit of creditors, a foreclosure, the liquidation or rehabilitation of a corporation or other entity, and the distribution of an estate, trust, or other fund. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Donee: The recipient of a gift.
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Employee: means any person who is regularly employed full time on either a salaried or wage basis, whose tenure is not restricted as to temporary or provisional appointment, in the service of, and whose compensation is payable by, no more often than biweekly, in whole or in part, a state agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
• Employee: means all persons employed by a governmental or advisory agency, unless otherwise limited by the context of its use. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Endowment: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Endowment established pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Endowment: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Endowment as established in § Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Equal Credit Opportunity Act: Prohibits creditors from discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, age, or because an applicant receives income from a public assistance program. ^{Source: OCC}
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Equity: means any contribution to a project other than debt financing, including a federal, state, or local grant, except that the grant shall not be a Commission grant. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Exporter: means any person offering small grains for export sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Extradition: The formal process of delivering an accused or convicted person from authorities in one state to authorities in another state.
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• farm: means any person that obtains at least 51 percent of its annual gross income from agricultural operations and produces the agricultural waste used as feedstock for the waste-to-energy technology, (ii) "agricultural waste" means biomass waste materials capable of decomposition that are produced from the raising of plants and animals during agricultural operations, including animal manures, bedding, plant stalks, hulls, and vegetable matter, and (iii) "waste-to-energy technology" means any technology, including but not limited to a methane digester, that converts agricultural waste into gas, steam, or heat that is used to generate electricity on-site. See Virginia Code 1-222.1
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Feeder pig: means a hog not weighing 140 pounds or less. See Virginia Code 3.2-2000
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiduciary: shall include any one or more of the following:

  a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2

• Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, or credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, credit union, broker-dealer as defined in subsection A of § Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Financial institution holding company: means any person that has control over any financial institution or that has control over any person that controls any financial institution. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
  • You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
  • The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
  • The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
• Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Foreign country: means a government other than any of the following: the United States; a state, district, commonwealth, territory, or insular possession of the United States; or a government with regard to which the decision in the Commonwealth as to whether to recognize a judgment of that government's courts is initially subject to determination under the Virginia Code 8.01-465.13:1
• foreign judgment: means any judgment, decree, or order of a court of the United States or of any other court which is entitled to full faith and credit in this state. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.1
• Foreign money: means money other than money of the United States of America. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Foreign-country judgment: means a judgment of a court of a foreign country. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.13:1
• Foreign-money claim: means a claim upon an obligation to pay, or a claim for recovery of a loss, expressed in or measured by a foreign money. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• Freedom of Information Act: A federal law that mandates that all the records created and kept by federal agencies in the executive branch of government must be open for public inspection and copying. The only exceptions are those records that fall into one of nine exempted categories listed in the statute. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fund: means the Virginia Cannabis Equity Business Loan Fund established in § Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Fund: means the Virginia Spirits Promotion Fund. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
• Fund: means the Tobacco Indemnification and Community Revitalization Fund established pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Fund: means the Virginia Tobacco Region Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Funding: means loans made from the Fund. See Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Gift: means any gratuity, favor, discount, entertainment, hospitality, loan, forbearance, or other item having monetary value. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Goods: means all material, equipment, supplies, printing, and automated data processing hardware and software. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Governmental agency: means each component part of the legislative, executive or judicial branches of state and local government, including each office, department, authority, post, commission, committee, and each institution or board created by law to exercise some regulatory or sovereign power or duty as distinguished from purely advisory powers or duties. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Grape grower: means a commercial grower who: (i) sells at least $10,000 worth of grapes annually; or (ii) has planted and maintains at least three acres of vines of a type used for the production of wine. See Virginia Code 3.2-3000
• Grower: means any person actually engaged in the growing and producing of bright flue-cured tobacco or type 21 dark-fired tobacco. See Virginia Code 3.2-2400
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Guidance document: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
• Handler: means the operator of a stockyard, livestock dealership, slaughterhouse, packing plant, or livestock auction market, or any other person making a purchase from a sheep producer, at the point where the sheep is sold or traded. See Virginia Code 3.2-2100
• Handler: means any person who purchases small grains from a producer and any producer who transports and sells his own small grains out of state. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Handler: means any manufacturer, dealer, processor, or any other business entity that purchases tobacco directly from the grower. See Virginia Code 3.2-2400
• Hearing: means agency processes other than those informational or factual inquiries of an informal nature provided in §§ Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Hearing officer: means an attorney selected from a list maintained by the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court in accordance with § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Home state: means :

  1. See Virginia Code 6.2-700

• Immediate family: means (i) a spouse and (ii) any other person who resides in the same household as the officer or employee and who is a dependent of the officer or employee. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• in writing: include any representation of words, letters, symbols, numbers, or figures, whether (i) printed or inscribed on a tangible medium or (ii) stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in a perceivable form and whether an electronic signature authorized by Virginia Code 1-257
• Includes: means includes, but not limited to. See Virginia Code 1-218
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Intake specialist: means an individual who is trained in analyzing and screening cases to assist in determining whether a case is appropriate for referral to a dispute resolution proceeding. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Jury instructions: A judge's directions to the jury before it begins deliberations regarding the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules that it must apply. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Licensed: means the holding of a valid license granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Licensee: means a consumer finance company to which a license has been issued by the Commission pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Licensee: means a mortgage lender or mortgage broker licensed by the Commission pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution of Virginia or laws of the Commonwealth, or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing, located in any of the tobacco-dependent communities in the Southside and Southwest regions of Virginia. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Locality: means a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 1-221
• Majority leader: see Floor Leaders
• Maltster: means a commercial producer of malt who (i) sells at least $10,000 worth of malt annually or (ii) has planted and maintains at least three acres of grains of a type used for the production of spirits. See Virginia Code 3.2-3007
• manufacture: means the production of marijuana products or the blending, infusing, compounding, or other preparation of marijuana and marijuana products, including marijuana extraction or preparation by means of chemical synthesis. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana: means any part of a plant of the genus Cannabis, whether growing or not, its seeds or resin; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, its resin, or any extract containing one or more cannabinoids. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana products: means (i) products that are composed of marijuana and other ingredients and are intended for use or consumption, ointments, and tinctures or (ii) marijuana concentrate. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Master Settlement Agreement: means the settlement agreement and related documents between the Commonwealth and leading United States tobacco product manufacturers dated November 23, 1998, and including the Consent Decree and Final Judgment entered in the Circuit Court of the City of Richmond on February 23, 1999, Chancery Number HJ-2241-4. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Mediation: means a process in which a neutral facilitates communication between the parties and, without deciding the issues or imposing a solution on the parties, enables them to understand and to reach a mutually agreeable resolution to their dispute. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Mediation: means a process in which a mediator facilitates communication between the parties and, without deciding the issues or imposing a solution on the parties, enables them to understand and to reach a mutually agreeable resolution to their dispute. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Mediation program: means a program through which mediators or mediation is made available and includes the director, agents and employees of the program. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Mediator: means an impartial third party selected by agreement of the parties to a controversy to assist them in mediation. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
• Money: means a medium of exchange for the payment of obligations or a store of value authorized or adopted by a government or by intergovernmental agreement. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Money of the claim: means the money determined as proper pursuant to § Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage broker: means any person who directly or indirectly negotiates, places or finds mortgage loans for others, or offers to negotiate, place or find mortgage loans for others. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgage lender: means any person who directly or indirectly originates or makes mortgage loans. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgage loan: means a loan made to an individual, the proceeds of which are to be used primarily for personal, family or household purposes, which loan is secured by a mortgage or deed of trust upon any interest in one- to four-family residential property located in the Commonwealth, regardless of where made, including the renewal or refinancing of any such loan, but excluding (i) loans or extensions of credit to buyers of real property for any part of the purchase price of such property by persons selling such property owned by them, (ii) loans to persons related to the lender by blood or marriage, and (iii) loans to persons who are bona fide employees of the lender. See Virginia Code 6.2-1400
• Mortgage loan: means a loan made to an individual, the proceeds of which are to be used primarily for personal, family or household purposes, which loan is secured by a mortgage or deed of trust upon any interest in one- to four-family residential property located in the Commonwealth, regardless of where made, including the renewal or refinancing of any such loan, but excluding (i) loans to persons related to the lender by blood or marriage and (ii) loans to persons who are bona fide employees of the lender. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Neutral: means an individual who is trained or experienced in conducting dispute resolution proceedings and in providing dispute resolution services. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Nolo contendere: No contest-has the same effect as a plea of guilty, as far as the criminal sentence is concerned, but may not be considered as an admission of guilt for any other purpose.
• Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
• Nonprofessional services: means any services not specifically identified as professional services in the definition of professional services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Nonstate agency: means any public or private foundation, authority, institute, museum, corporation, or similar organization that is (i) not a unit of state government or a political subdivision of the Commonwealth as established by general law or special act and (ii) wholly or principally supported by state funds. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes affirmation. See Virginia Code 1-228
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• offeror: means a person who has the capability, in all respects, to perform fully the contract requirements and the moral and business integrity and reliability that will assure good faith performance, and who has been prequalified, if required. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Office: means a location other than a licensee's principal place of business where (i) the licensee negotiates, places, finds, or makes Virginia mortgage loans; (ii) the licensee's name, advertising or promotional materials, or signage indicates that the licensee negotiates, places, finds, or makes Virginia mortgage loans from the location; or (iii) the licensee maintains books, accounts, or records of Virginia mortgage loans. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Office: means the Office of the State Inspector General. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
• Officer: means any person who is elected or appointed to a public office in a state agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
• officer: includes members of the judiciary. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• Orientation session: means a preliminary meeting during which the dispute resolution proceeding is explained to the parties and the parties and the neutral assess the case and decide whether to continue with a dispute resolution proceeding or adjudication. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Out-of-state bank holding company: means a bank holding company that has as its home state a state other than the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Parent-subsidiary relationship: means a relationship that exists when one corporation directly or indirectly owns shares possessing more than 50 percent of the voting power of another corporation. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Period of sale: means the time during which a purchaser under an agreement is entitled to receive the Commission Allocation. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Person: shall include individuals, a trust, an estate, a partnership, an association, an order, a corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity;

  6. See Virginia Code 8.01-2

• person: includes an individual, his executor, administrator, or other personal representative, or a corporation, partnership, association or any other legal or commercial entity, whether or not a citizen or domiciliary of this Commonwealth and whether or not organized under the laws of this Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 8.01-328
• Person: means an individual, a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, joint venture, partnership, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Person: means any individual or entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Person: includes any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or any other legal or commercial entity and any successor, representative, agent, agency, or instrumentality thereof. See Virginia Code 1-230
• Person under a disability: shall include :

  a. See Virginia Code 8.01-2

• Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
• Personal interest: means a financial benefit or liability accruing to an officer or employee or to a member of his immediate family. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Personal interest in a contract: means a personal interest that an officer or employee has in a contract with a governmental agency, whether due to his being a party to the contract or due to a personal interest in a business that is a party to the contract. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Personal interest in a transaction: means a personal interest of an officer or employee in any matter considered by his agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
• Pharmaceutical processor: means a facility that (i) has obtained a permit from the Board pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Pharmacist: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Pharmacy technician: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Practitioner: means a practitioner of medicine or osteopathy licensed by the Board of Medicine, a physician assistant licensed by the Board of Medicine, or an advanced practice registered nurse jointly licensed by the Boards of Nursing and Medicine. See Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls (i) 10 percent or more of the outstanding stock of a stock corporation or (ii) a 10 percent or greater interest in another person. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls a 10 percent or greater interest in any entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Process: includes subpoenas, the summons and complaint in a civil action, and process in statutory actions. See Virginia Code 1-237
• Processor: means any person that cleans, shells, or crushes peanuts. See Virginia Code 3.2-1900
• Processor: means any person that slaughters hogs commercially, or agent thereof. See Virginia Code 3.2-2000
• Processor: means any person who changes the physical form or characteristic of small grains in preparation for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Producer: means any person who has grown and sold small grains in the Commonwealth in the preceding three years. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Professional services: means work performed by an independent contractor within the scope of the practice of accounting, actuarial services, architecture, land surveying, landscape architecture, law, dentistry, medicine, optometry, pharmacy or professional engineering. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Program: means the Virginia Cannabis Equity Business Loan Program established in § Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Project: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public assistance and social services programs: means those programs specified in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Public body: means any legislative, executive or judicial body, agency, office, department, authority, post, commission, committee, institution, board or political subdivision created by law to exercise some sovereign power or to perform some governmental duty, and empowered by law to undertake the activities described in this chapter. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Rate of exchange: means the rate at which money of one country may be converted into money of another country in a free financial market convenient to or reasonably usable by a person obligated to pay or to state a rate of conversion. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• real estate: includes lands, tenements and hereditaments, and all rights and appurtenances thereto and interests therein, other than a chattel interest. See Virginia Code 1-219
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Registered agent: means an individual designated by a patient who has been issued a written certification, or, if such patient is a minor or a vulnerable adult as defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Registrar: means the Registrar of Regulations employed as provided in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Registry: means the mortgage licensing and registration system developed and maintained by the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• regulation: means any statement of general application, having the force of law, affecting the rights or conduct of any person, adopted by an agency in accordance with the authority conferred on it by applicable basic laws. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• relative: means the donee's spouse, child, uncle, aunt, niece, nephew, or first cousin; a person to whom the donee is engaged to be married; the donee's or his spouse's parent, grandparent, grandchild, brother, sister, step-parent, step-grandparent, step-grandchild, step-brother, or step-sister; or the donee's brother's or sister's spouse or the donee's son-in-law or daughter-in-law. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Remote location: means a location, other than a licensee's principal place of business or office, at which the employees or exclusive agents of a licensee may conduct business if the requirements set forth in subsection F of § Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Residential property: means improved real property used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, for residential purposes. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Reverse auctioning: means a procurement method wherein bidders are invited to bid on specified goods or nonprofessional services through real-time electronic bidding, with the award being made to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). ^{Source: OCC}
• Seedsman: means any person who offers small grains seeds for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Services: means any work performed by an independent contractor wherein the service rendered does not consist primarily of acquisition of equipment or materials, or the rental of equipment, materials and supplies. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Sheep: means sheep or lambs of all ages. See Virginia Code 3.2-2100
• Sheriff: shall include deputy sheriffs and such other persons designated in § Virginia Code 8.01-2
• Slaughter hog: means a hog weighing in excess of 140 pounds. See Virginia Code 3.2-2000
• Small grains: means barley, oats, rye, or wheat. See Virginia Code 3.2-2200
• Spirits: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-3007
• Spot rate: means the rate of exchange at which foreign money is sold by a bank or other dealer in foreign exchange for immediate or next day availability or for settlement by immediate payment in cash or equivalent, by charge to an account, or by an agreed delayed settlement not exceeding two days. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• State: when applied to a part of the United States, includes any of the 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-245
• State agency: means any agency, institution, board, bureau, commission, council, or instrumentality of state government in the executive branch listed in the appropriation act. See Virginia Code 2.2-307
• state agency: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 1-206
• State filer: means those officers and employees required to file a disclosure statement of their personal interests pursuant to subsection A or B of § Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Strategic Plan: means the strategic plan required pursuant to subsection C of § Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Subordinate: means (i) one or more but less than a quorum of the members of a board constituting an agency, (ii) one or more of its staff members or employees, or (iii) any other person or persons designated by the agency to act in its behalf. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
• Subsidiary: means an entity over which another person has control. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Supreme Court: means the Supreme Court of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-249
• sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Testate: To die leaving a will.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Tetrahydrocannabinol: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Tobacco Assets: means all right, title, and interest in and to the portion of the Commission Allocation that may be sold to the Corporation. See Virginia Code 3.2-3100
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Total tetrahydrocannabinol: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July 1, 1971, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 1-254
• Transaction: means any matter considered by any governmental or advisory agency, whether in a committee, subcommittee, or other entity of that agency or before the agency itself, on which official action is taken or contemplated. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• United States: includes the 50 states, the District of Columbia the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands and the United States Virgin Islands. See Virginia Code 1-255
• Usable cannabis: means any cannabis plant material, including seeds, but not (i) resin that has been extracted from any part of the cannabis plant, its seeds, or its resin; (ii) the mature stalks, fiber produced from the stalks, or any other compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of the mature stalks; or (iii) oil or cake made from the seeds of the plant. See Virginia Code 4.1-1600
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Virginia bank: means a bank that is organized under the laws of the Commonwealth or of the United States and that has the Commonwealth as its home state. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Virginia bank holding company: means a bank holding company that has the Commonwealth as its home state and is not controlled by a bank holding company other than a Virginia bank holding company. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Virginia financial institution: means a financial institution authorized to do business in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Virginia financial institution holding company: means any person that has control over any financial institution authorized to do business in the Commonwealth or has control over a person that controls any such financial institution. See Virginia Code 6.2-700
• Virginia Register of Regulations: means the publication issued under the provisions of Article 6 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Virginia Regulatory Town Hall: means the website operated by the Department of Planning and Budget, which has online public comment forums and displays information about regulatory actions under consideration in the Commonwealth and sends this information to registered public users. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Viticulture: means the cultivation and study of grapes and grapevines. See Virginia Code 3.2-3000
• voting security: means a security that (i) confers upon the holder the right to vote for the election of members of the board of directors or similar governing body of the business or (ii) is convertible into, or entitles the holder to receive, upon its exercise, a security that confers such a right to vote. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Warehouse: means any person authorized by law to conduct auction sales of loose-leaf tobacco. See Virginia Code 3.2-2400
• Wine: means an alcoholic beverage as defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-3000
• winery: means an "establishment" as defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-3000
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.