As used in this article, unless the context clearly requires a different meaning:

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“Accumulated contributions” means all deposits and all deductions from the gross salary of a contributor plus regular interest.

“Accumulated net benefit” means the aggregate amount of all benefits paid to or on behalf of a retired member.

“Actuarially equivalent” or “of equal actuarial value” means a benefit of equal value computed upon the basis of the mortality table and interest rates as set and adopted by the retirement board in accordance with the provisions of this article: Provided, That when used in the context of compliance with the federal maximum benefit requirements of Section 415 of the Internal Revenue Code, “actuarially equivalent” shall be computed using the mortality tables and interest rates required to comply with those requirements.

“Annuities” means the annual retirement payments for life granted beneficiaries in accordance with this article.

“Average final salary” means the average of the five highest fiscal year salaries earned as a member within the last 15 fiscal years of total service credit, including military service as provided in this article, or if total service is less than 15 years, the average annual salary for the period on which contributions were made: Provided, That salaries for determining benefits during any determination period may not exceed the maximum compensation allowed as adjusted for cost of living in accordance with § 5-10D-7 of this code and Section 401(a)(17) of the Internal Revenue Code.

“Beneficiary” means the recipient of annuity payments made under the retirement system.

“Contributor” means a member of the retirement system who has an account in the Teachers Accumulation Fund.

“Deposit” means a voluntary payment to his or her account by a member.

“Electing charter school” means a public charter school established pursuant to § 18-5G-1 et seq. of this code which has elected to participate in this retirement system as permitted in the definitions of “Nonteaching member” and “Teacher member” in this section.

“Employer” means the agency of and within the state which has employed or employs a member, a county board of education which has employed or employs a member, or an electing charter school which has employed or employs a member. “Participating public employer” or “participating employer” means “employer” unless the context clearly requires otherwise.

“Employer error” means an omission, misrepresentation, or deliberate act in violation of relevant provisions of the West Virginia Code, or the West Virginia Code of State Regulations, or the relevant provisions of both the West Virginia Code and of the West Virginia Code of State Regulations by the participating public employer that has resulted in an underpayment or overpayment of contributions required.

“Employment term” means employment for at least 10 months, a month being defined as 20 employment days.

“Gross salary” means the fixed annual or periodic cash wages paid by a participating public employer to a member for performing duties for the participating public employer for which the member was hired. Gross salary shall be allocated and reported in the fiscal year in which the work was done. Gross salary also includes retroactive payments made to a member to correct a clerical error, or made pursuant to a court order or final order of an administrative agency charged with enforcing federal or state law pertaining to the member’s rights to employment or wages, with all retroactive salary payments to be allocated to and considered paid in the periods in which the work was or would have been done. Gross salary does not include lump sum payments for bonuses, early retirement incentives, severance pay, or any other fringe benefit of any kind including, but not limited to, transportation allowances, automobiles or automobile allowances, or lump sum payments for unused, accrued leave of any type or character.

“Internal Revenue Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as it has been amended.

“Medical examination” means an in-person or virtual examination of a member’s physical or mental health, or both, by a physician or physicians selected or approved by the board; or, at the discretion of the board, a medical record review of the member’s physical or mental health, or both, by a physician selected or approved by the board.

“Member” means any person who has accumulated contributions standing to his or her credit in the State Teachers Retirement System. A member shall remain a member until the benefits to which he or she is entitled under this article are paid or forfeited, or until cessation of membership pursuant to § 18-7A-13 of this code.

“Members of the administrative staff of the public schools” means deans of instruction, deans of men, deans of women, and financial and administrative secretaries.

“Members of the extension staff of the public schools” means every agricultural agent, boys and girls club agent, and every member of the agricultural extension staff whose work is not primarily stenographic, clerical, or secretarial.

“New entrant” means a teacher who is not a present teacher.

“Nonteaching member” means any person, except a teacher member, who is regularly employed for full-time service by: (A) Any county board of education or educational services cooperative; (B) the State Board of Education; (C) the Higher Education Policy Commission; (D) the West Virginia Council for Community and Technical College Education; (E) a governing board, as defined in § 18B-1-2 of this code; or (F) a public charter school established pursuant to § 18-5G-1 et seq. of this code if the charter school includes in its charter contract entered into pursuant to § 18-5G-7 of this code a determination to participate in the retirement systems under this article and § 18-7B-1 et seq. of this code, subject to § 18-7B-7a of this code: Provided, That any person whose employment with the Higher Education Policy Commission, the West Virginia Council for Community and Technical College Education, or a governing board commences on or after July 1, 1991, is not considered a nonteaching member.

“Plan year” means the 12-month period commencing on July 1 and ending the following June 30 of any designated year.

“Present member” means a present teacher or nonteacher who is a member of the retirement system.

“Present teacher” means any person who was a teacher within the 35 years beginning July 1, 1934, and whose membership in the retirement system is currently active.

“Prior service” means all service as a teacher completed prior to July 1, 1941, and all service of a present member who was employed as a teacher and did not contribute to a retirement account because he or she was legally ineligible for membership during the service.

“Public schools” means all publicly supported schools, including colleges and universities in this state. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, “public school” may not include a public charter school which is not an “electing charter school” as defined herein.

“Refund beneficiary” means the estate of a deceased contributor or a person he or she has nominated as beneficiary of his or her contributions by written designation duly executed and filed with the retirement board.

“Regular interest” means interest at four percent compounded annually, or a higher earnable rate if set forth in the formula established in legislative rules, series seven of the Consolidated Public Retirement Board, 162 CSR 7.

“Regularly employed for full-time service” means employment in a regular position or job throughout the employment term regardless of the number of hours worked or the method of pay.

“Required beginning date” means April 1 of the calendar year following the later of: (A) The calendar year in which the member attains age 70.5 (if born before July 1, 1949) or age 72 (if born after June 30, 1949); or (B) the calendar year in which the member retires, or ceases covered employment under the retirement system.

“Retirant” means any member who commences an annuity payable by the retirement system.

“Retirement board” means the Consolidated Public Retirement Board created pursuant to § 5-10D-1 et seq. of this code.

“Retirement system” means the State Teachers Retirement System established by this article.

“Teacher member” means the following persons, if regularly employed for full-time service: (A) Any person employed by a public school for instructional service in the public schools of West Virginia; (B) principals employed by a public school; (C) librarians employed by a public school; (D) superintendents of schools and assistant county superintendents of schools; (E) any county school attendance director holding a West Virginia teacher’s certificate; (F) members of the research, extension, administrative, or library staffs of the public schools; (G) the State Superintendent of Schools, heads and assistant heads of the divisions under his or her supervision, or any other employee under the state superintendent performing services of an educational nature; (H) employees of the State Board of Education who are performing services of an educational nature; (I) any person employed in a nonteaching capacity by the State Board of Education, any county board of education, the State Department of Education, or the State Teachers Retirement Board, if that person was formerly employed as a teacher in the public schools; (J) all classroom teachers, principals, and educational administrators in schools under the supervision of the Division of Corrections and Rehabilitation, the Division of Health, or the Division of Human Services; (K) an employee of the State Board of School Finance, if that person was formerly employed as a teacher in the public schools; (L) employees of an educational services cooperative who are performing services of an educational nature; (M) any person designated as a 21st Century Learner Fellow pursuant to § 18A-3-11 of this code who elects to remain a member of the State Teachers Retirement System provided in this article; and (N) any person employed for instructional service or as a principal or librarian by a public charter school established pursuant to § 18-5G-1 et seq. of this code if the charter school includes in its charter contract entered into pursuant to § 18-5G-7 of this code a determination to participate in the retirement systems under this article and § 18-7B-1 et seq. of this code.

“Total service” means all service as a teacher or nonteacher while a member of the retirement system since last becoming a member and, in addition thereto, credit for prior service, if any.

Age more than 70 years shall be considered to be 70 years.