Terms Used In Virginia Code > Title 3.2 > Subtitle V - Domestic Animals

• Abandon: means to desert, forsake, or absolutely give up an animal without having secured another owner or custodian for the animal or by failing to provide the elements of basic care as set forth in § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Abducted child: means a child (i) whose whereabouts are unknown, (ii) who is believed to have been abducted, (iii) who is 17 years of age or younger or is currently enrolled in a secondary school in the Commonwealth, regardless of age, and (iv) whose disappearance poses a credible threat as determined by law enforcement to the safety and health of the child and under such other circumstances as deemed appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
• ABLE savings trust account: means an account established pursuant to this chapter to assist individuals and families to save private funds to support individuals with disabilities to maintain health, independence, and quality of life, with such account used to apply distributions for qualified disability expenses for an eligible individual, as both such terms are defined in § 529A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or other applicable federal law. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Abused or neglected child: means any child less than 18 years of age:

  1. See Virginia Code 63.2-100

• Access partner: means a person that, at the person's physical location in the Commonwealth, facilitates the making and servicing of a loan through provision of some or all of the services described in § Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Accident: means an accident covered under the group insurance coverage purchased by the Board. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Accounts receivable: refers to the classification of debts due the Commonwealth, including judgments, fines, costs, and penalties imposed upon conviction for criminal and traffic offenses, and as defined in the guidelines adopted by the State Comptroller. See Virginia Code 2.2-4801
• Accredited veterinarian: means a veterinarian approved by the Administrator of the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Acknowledgment: means a notarial act in which an individual at a single time and place (i) appears in person before the notary and presents a document; (ii) is personally known to the notary or identified by the notary through satisfactory evidence of identity; and (iii) indicates to the notary that the signature on the document was voluntarily affixed by the individual for the purposes stated within the document and, if applicable, that the individual had due authority to sign in a particular representative capacity. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Acquittal:
  1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
  2. A verdict of "not guilty."
   
• Act: means the federal Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing Act, Title V (§ 1501 et seq. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Act: means this chapter, the Land Bank Entities Act (§ Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Action: means a judicial proceeding or arbitration in which a payment in money may be awarded or enforced with respect to a foreign-money claim. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Activities: means any programs or services provided for the purpose of conferring specific benefits upon the businesses that are located in the tourism improvement district and to which a fee is charged. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Activities: means any programs or services provided for (i) the purposes of recruiting businesses to relocate in the business improvement and recruitment district and (ii) conferring specific benefits upon the businesses that are located in the business improvement and recruitment district and to which a fee is charged. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Activity and use limitations: means restrictions or obligations created under this chapter with respect to real property. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Adequate confinement: means that, while on the property of its owner and not under the direct supervision and control of the owner or custodian, a hybrid canine shall be confined in a humane manner in a securely enclosed and locked structure of sufficient height and design to: (i) prevent the animal's escape; or if the hybrid canine is determined to be a dangerous dog pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-6581
• Adequate feed: means access to and the provision of food that is of sufficient quantity and nutritive value to maintain each animal in good health; is accessible to each animal; is prepared so as to permit ease of consumption for the age, species, condition, size and type of each animal; is provided in a clean and sanitary manner; is placed so as to minimize contamination by excrement and pests; and is provided at suitable intervals for the species, age, and condition of the animal, but at least once daily, except as prescribed by a veterinarian or as dictated by naturally occurring states of hibernation or fasting normal for the species. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Adequate shelter: means provision of and access to shelter that is suitable for the species, age, condition, size, and type of each animal; provides adequate space for each animal; is safe and protects each animal from injury, rain, sleet, snow, hail, direct sunlight, the adverse effects of heat or cold, physical suffering, and impairment of health; is properly lighted; is properly cleaned; enables each animal to be clean and dry, except when detrimental to the species; during hot weather, is properly shaded and does not readily conduct heat; during cold weather, has a windbreak at its entrance and provides a quantity of bedding material consisting of hay, cedar shavings, or the equivalent that is sufficient to protect the animal from cold and promote the retention of body heat; and, for dogs and cats, provides a solid surface, resting platform, pad, floormat, or similar device that is large enough for the animal to lie on in a normal manner and can be maintained in a sanitary manner. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Adequate space: means sufficient space to allow each animal to (i) easily stand, sit, lie, turn about, and make all other normal body movements in a comfortable, normal position for the animal and (ii) interact safely with other animals in the enclosure. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Adequate water: means provision of and access to clean, fresh, potable water of a drinkable temperature that is provided in a suitable manner, in sufficient volume, and at suitable intervals appropriate for the weather and temperature, to maintain normal hydration for the age, species, condition, size and type of each animal, except as prescribed by a veterinarian or as dictated by naturally occurring states of hibernation or fasting normal for the species; and is provided in clean, durable receptacles that are accessible to each animal and are placed so as to minimize contamination of the water by excrement and pests or an alternative source of hydration consistent with generally accepted husbandry practices. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• ADLs: means bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, bowel control, bladder control, and eating/feeding. See Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• Administering nonprofit: means a private nonprofit entity that is under contract with a locality to administer or implement activities specified in the tourism improvement district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Administrative offset: includes , but is not limited to, offsetting any monies, except those specifically exempted by state or federal law, paid by agency or institution for a debt owed to any other state agency or institution. See Virginia Code 2.2-4801
• Administrative or clerical tasks: means the receipt, collection, and distribution of information common for the processing or underwriting of a residential mortgage loan in the mortgage industry and communication with the consumer to obtain information necessary for the processing or underwriting of a residential mortgage loan. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Administrative review-eligible project: means a project that provides for:

  1. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3

• Adoption: means the transfer of ownership of a dog or a cat, or any other companion animal, from a releasing agency to an individual. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Adoptive home: means any family home selected and approved by a parent, local board or a licensed child-placing agency for the placement of a child with the intent of adoption. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Adoptive placement: means arranging for the care of a child who is in the custody of a child-placing agency in an approved home for the purpose of adoption. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Adult: means an individual who is at least 18 years of age. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Adult: means an individual who attained the age of 18 years. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Adult abuse: means the willful infliction of physical pain, injury or mental anguish or unreasonable confinement of an adult as defined in § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Adult foster care: means room and board, supervision, and special services to an adult who has a physical or mental condition. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• advertising: means any written or verbal statement, illustration, or depiction that is calculated to induce sales of retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, marijuana plants, or marijuana seeds, including any written, printed, graphic, digital, electronic, or other material, billboard, sign, or other outdoor display, publication, or radio or television broadcast. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• advisory board: means the board appointed by the commission in accordance with § Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Advisory Committee: means the Six-Year Capital Outlay Plan Advisory Committee established pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Affected localities: means the locality in which a regulated introduction is proposed to be made and any locality within a three-mile radius of the location where the regulated introduction is proposed to be made. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Affidavit: A written statement of facts confirmed by the oath of the party making it, before a notary or officer having authority to administer oaths.
• Affiliate: means any person or subsidiary thereof, who has, either directly or indirectly, actual or legal control over a distributor, whether by stock ownership or in any other manner. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Affiliate: means an individual or business that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with another individual or business. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Affirmation: means a notarial act, or part thereof, that is legally equivalent to an oath and in which an individual at a single time and place (i) appears in person before the notary and presents a document; (ii) is personally known to the notary or identified by the notary through satisfactory evidence of identity; and (iii) makes a vow of truthfulness or fidelity on penalty of perjury. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Affordable housing: means , as a guideline, housing that is affordable to households with incomes at or below the area median income, provided that the occupant pays no more than thirty percent of his gross income for gross housing costs, including utilities. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Agency: means any person that provides or offers to provide debt management plans for consumers. See Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Agency: means the Department of Environmental Quality or any other state or federal agency that determines or approves the environmental response project pursuant to which the environmental covenant is created. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Agency: means any authority, instrumentality, officer, board, or other unit of the government of the Commonwealth with express or implied authority to issue regulations other than the General Assembly, courts, municipal corporations, counties, other local or regional governmental authorities including sanitary or other districts and joint state-federal, interstate or intermunicipal authorities, the Virginia Resources Authority, the Virginia Code Commission with respect to minor changes made under the provisions of § 30-150, and educational institutions operated by the Commonwealth with respect to regulations that pertain to (i) their academic affairs; (ii) the selection, tenure, promotion and disciplining of faculty and employees; (iii) the selection of students; and (iv) rules of conduct and disciplining of students. See Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• agency: means any authority, instrumentality, officer, board or other unit of state government empowered by the basic laws to adopt regulations or decide cases. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• Agency: means any agency or instrumentality, corporate or otherwise, of the government of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 2.2-4200
• Agency: means any authority, instrumentality, officer, board or other unit of the state government empowered by the basic laws to make regulations or decide cases. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Agency action: means either an agency's regulation or case decision or both, any violation, compliance, or noncompliance with which could be a basis for the imposition of injunctive orders, penal or civil sanctions of any kind, or the grant or denial of relief or of a license, right, or benefit by any agency or court. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Agent: means a person who is employed by any institution of higher education or non-college degree school, whether such institution or school is located within or outside the Commonwealth, to act as an agent, solicitor, procurer, broker, or independent contractor to procure students or enrollees for any such institution or school by solicitation in any form at any place in the Commonwealth other than the office or principal location of such institution or school. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Agreement: means a commercial relationship, not required to be evidenced in writing, of definite or indefinite duration, between a winery and wine wholesaler pursuant to which the wholesaler has been authorized to distribute one or more of the winery's brands of wine. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Agreement: means a commercial relationship, not required to be evidenced in writing, of definite or indefinite duration, between a brewery and beer wholesaler pursuant to which the wholesaler has been authorized to distribute one or more of the brewery's brands of beer. See Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Agricultural animals: means all livestock and poultry. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Agricultural products: means any livestock, aquaculture, poultry, horticultural, floricultural, viticulture, silvicultural, or other farm crops. See Virginia Code 3.2-6400
• Agritourism activity: means any activity carried out on a farm or ranch that allows members of the general public, for recreational, entertainment, or educational purposes, to view or enjoy rural activities, including farming, wineries, ranching, horseback riding, historical, cultural, harvest-your-own activities, or natural activities and attractions. See Virginia Code 3.2-6400
• Agritourism professional: means any person who is engaged in the business of providing one or more agritourism activities, whether or not for compensation. See Virginia Code 3.2-6400
• Aircraft: means any contrivance now known, or hereafter invented, used, or designed for navigation of or flight in the air, including a balloon or other contrivance designed for maneuvering in airspace at an altitude greater than 24 inches above ground or water level, except that any contrivance now or hereafter invented of fixed or flexible wing design, operating without the assistance of any motor, engine, or other mechanical propulsive device, which is designed to utilize the feet and legs of the operator or operators as the sole means of initiating and sustaining forward motion during the launch and of providing the point of contact with the ground upon landing and commonly called a "hang glider" shall not be included within this definition. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Airport: means any area of land or water which is used, or intended for public use, for the landing and takeoff of aircraft, and any appurtenant areas that are used, or intended for use, for airport buildings or other airport facilities or rights-of-way, easements and together with all airport buildings and facilities located thereon. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Alcohol: means the product known as ethyl or grain alcohol obtained by distillation of any fermented liquor, rectified either once or more often, whatever the origin, and shall include synthetic ethyl alcohol, but shall not include methyl alcohol and alcohol completely denatured in accordance with formulas approved by the government of the United States. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Alcoholic beverages: includes alcohol, spirits, wine, and beer, and any one or more of such varieties containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume, including mixed alcoholic beverages, and every liquid or solid, powder or crystal, patented or not, containing alcohol, spirits, wine, or beer and capable of being consumed by a human being. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Alternative test method: includes computational toxicology and bioinformatics, high-throughput screening methods, testing of categories of chemical substances, tiered testing methods, in vitro studies, and systems biology and new or revised methods. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Amber Agreement: means the voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a child will be declared abducted, and the public will be notified, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
• Amber Alert: means the notice of child abduction provided to the public by the media or other methods under an Amber Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Amortization: Paying off a loan by regular installments.
• Animal: means any organism of the kingdom Animalia, other than a human being. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Animal: means any nonhuman vertebrate species except fish. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Animal: means any live vertebrate nonhuman animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Animal control officer: means a person appointed as an animal control officer or deputy animal control officer as provided in § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Animal test method: means a process or procedure that uses animals to obtain information on the characteristics of a chemical or agent or the biological effect of exposure to a chemical or agent under specified conditions. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Animal testing facility: means any facility, including a private entity, state agency, or institution of higher education, that confines and uses dogs or cats for research, education, testing, or other scientific or medical purposes. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Annual percentage rate: The cost of credit at a yearly rate. It is calculated in a standard way, taking the average compound interest rate over the term of the loan so borrowers can compare loans. Lenders are required by law to disclose a card account's APR. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Annual report: means the report required to be filed by a guardian pursuant to § Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Antenna: means communications equipment that transmits or receives electromagnetic radio signals used in the provision of any type of wireless communications services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Applicant: means a customer who applies for a refund anticipation loan through a facilitator. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Appointing authority: means the General Assembly or the Governor. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Approximate original contour: means the surface configuration achieved by backfilling and grading the mined area so that the reclaimed area, including any terracing or access road, closely resembles the general surface configuration of the land prior to mining and blends into and complements the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain, with all highwalls and spoil piles eliminated; water impoundments may be permitted where the Director determines that they are in compliance with the applicable performance standards adopted pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Area of Operation: means land owned by the Commonwealth at Fort Monroe. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• armory: shall include training or logistical support facilities, such as, but not limited to, maintenance facilities, training areas, facilities at the State Military Reservation, Virginia Beach, Virginia, and the Fort Pickett Maneuver Training Center. See Virginia Code 44-123.1
• Assessment: means moneys to be collected as authorized by this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Assistance: means aid that is required to be provided by another person in order to safely complete the activity. See Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• Associate-degree-granting: means that an associate degree is the most advanced degree that is granted. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education: includes Richard Bland College and each comprehensive community college. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 5.1-30.1
• Authority: means the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority created pursuant to this subtitle. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Authority: means the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority created pursuant to this subtitle. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Authority: means the Virginia Recreational Facilities Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-1600
• Authority: means the BVU Authority created by entity conversion of Bristol Virginia Utilities by this chapter. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Authority: means any political subdivision, a body politic and corporate, created, organized, and operated pursuant to the provisions of the Act. See Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Authority: means the Virginia Resources Authority created in Chapter 21 of Title 62. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Authority: means the Virginia Commercial Space Flight Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2201
• Authority: means the Fort Monroe Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Authority: means the Commonwealth of Virginia Innovation Partnership Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2352
• Authority: means the Opioid Abatement Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Authorized delegate: means a person designated or appointed by a licensee to sell money orders or provide money transmission services on behalf of the licensee. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Baccalaureate: means that bachelor's degrees or more advanced degrees, or both, are granted. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Baccalaureate public institution of higher education: includes Christopher Newport University, George Mason University, James Madison University, Longwood University, the University of Mary Washington, Norfolk State University, Old Dominion University, Radford University, the University of Virginia, the University of Virginia's College at Wise as a division of the University of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Military Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia State University, and The College of William and Mary in Virginia. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Bailiff: a court officer who enforces the rules of behavior in courtrooms.
• Bale: means a closely pressed package of ginned cotton that weighs approximately 480 pounds. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Bank-offered spot rate: means the spot rate of exchange at which a bank will sell foreign money at a spot rate. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Barrel: means any container or vessel having a capacity of more than 43 ounces. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Base station: means a station that includes a structure that currently supports or houses an antenna, transceiver, coaxial cables, power cables, or other associated equipment at a specific site that is authorized to communicate with mobile stations, generally consisting of radio transceivers, antennas, coaxial cables, power supplies, and other associated electronics. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Basic employment: means employment that brings new or additional income into Virginia and adds to the gross state product. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Basic employment: means employment in an industry sector or function that directly or indirectly derives more than 50 percent of its revenue from out-of-state sources. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Beer: means any alcoholic beverage obtained by the fermentation of an infusion or decoction of barley, malt, and hops or of any similar products in drinkable water and containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• beneficiary: means (i) a resident of the Commonwealth, as determined by the board, who is the beneficiary of a prepaid tuition contract and who may apply advance tuition payments to tuition as set forth in this chapter; (ii) a beneficiary of a prepaid tuition contract purchased by a resident of the Commonwealth, as determined by the board, who may apply advance tuition payments to tuition as set forth in this chapter; or (iii) a beneficiary of a savings trust account established pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Beneficiary: means an individual for whom property has been transferred to or held under a declaration of trust by a custodial trustee for the individual's use and benefit under this chapter. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Benefit zone: means an apportioned area designated within a tourism improvement district in which businesses pay a fee based upon the degree of benefit derived from activities to be provided. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Benefited business: includes one or more types of businesses, one or more segments of businesses, or businesses within one or more industries, as set forth in a tourism improvement district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Benefited business: includes one or more types of businesses, one or more segments of businesses, or businesses within one or more industries, as set forth in a business improvement and recruitment district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Board: means the Board of Trustees of the Virginia Retirement System. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Board: means the Virginia Aviation Board. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Board: means the Board of Directors of the Virginia Cannabis Control Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Board: means the Board of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• Board: means the Cave Board. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Board: means the board of directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-1600
• board: means the board of directors of an authority or a corporation. See Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Board: means the governing board of the Plan. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Board: means the Virginia Growth and Opportunity Board as may be established under law. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Board: means the Cattle Industry Board. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
• Board: means the Virginia Board of Workforce Development. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Board: means the respective boards of directors for the authorities created in this subpart. See Virginia Code 2.2-2200
• Board: means the board of directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2201
• Board: means the Board of Trustees created in § Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Board: means the board of directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2352
• Board: means the board of directors of the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Board: means the Virginia Growth and Opportunity Board. See Virginia Code 2.2-2484
• Board of Directors: means the governing body of the Authority. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Board of supervisors: means the governing body of a county. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• Boarding establishment: means a place or establishment other than a public or private animal shelter where companion animals not owned by the proprietor are sheltered, fed, and watered in exchange for a fee. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Bona fide prospective purchaser: means a person or a tenant of a person who acquires ownership, or proposes to acquire ownership, of real property after the release of hazardous substances occurred. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Bond with surety: includes the payment in cash of the full amount of the required bond and, in such case, no surety shall be required. See Virginia Code 1-205
• Bonds: means notes, bonds, certificates and other evidences of indebtedness or obligations of the Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-1600
• Bonds: means any bonds, notes, debentures, bond acceptance notes, or other evidence of financial indebtedness either issued or assumed by the Authority pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Bonds: means bonds or other obligations issued by the Commonwealth, by counties, cities and towns, and by their agencies, institutions, and authorities or by any combination of the foregoing under the provisions of the Public Finance Act (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4701
• Bonds: means any bonds, notes, interim certificates, debentures, or other obligations issued by the Authority pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Borrower: means an applicant who receives a refund anticipation loan through a facilitator. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• borrower: means (i) any current resident of the Commonwealth who has received or agreed to pay a qualified education loan or (ii) any person who is contractually obligated with such resident for repaying the qualified education loan. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600
• Bottle: means any vessel intended to contain liquids and having a capacity of not more than 43 ounces. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Brand: means any recorded identification mark applied to any position on the hide of a live animal by means of heat, freezing, acid or chemical, except tattoo marks in the ear or numbers used to keep production records, record of age or identification marks used by any governmental agency. See Virginia Code 3.2-6100
• Brand: means any word, name, group of letters, symbol or combination thereof adopted and used by a winery to identify a specific wine product and to distinguish that product from other wine produced or marketed by that winery or other wineries. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Brand: means any word, name, group of letters, symbol or combination thereof adopted and used by a brewery to identify a specific malt beverage product and to distinguish that product from other beers produced or marketed by that brewery or other breweries. See Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Brewery: means every person, including any authorized representative of such person pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Bristol Virginia Utilities Board: means the Board of Directors of Bristol Virginia Utilities governing that entity until the Authority Board takes office on July 1, 2010. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Broker: means a person lawfully engaged in the business of effecting transactions in securities or commodities for the person's own account or for the account of others. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Brownfield: means real property; the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Business: means a business of any kind located in a tourism improvement district. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Business: means a business of any kind located in a business improvement and recruitment district. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Business: means any type of corporation, partnership, limited liability company, association, or sole proprietorship operated for profit. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Business enterprise: means any (i) industry for the manufacturing, processing, assembling, storing, warehousing, servicing, distributing, or selling of any products of agriculture, mining, or industry or professional services; (ii) commercial enterprise making sales or providing services to industries described in clause (i); (iii) enterprise for research and development, including scientific laboratories; (iv) not-for-profit entity operating in the Commonwealth; (v) entity acquiring, constructing, improving, maintaining, or operating a qualified transportation facility under the Public-Private Transportation Act of 1995 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Business fee: means any fee charged to a benefited business pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Business fee: means any fee charged to a benefited business pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Business improvement and recruitment district: means a district established by a locality under the provisions of this article within a Main Street District. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Business improvement and recruitment district plan: means a proposal for a business improvement and recruitment district under the provisions of this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Business owner: means any person recognized by a locality as the owner of a business subject to a business fee. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Business owner: means any person recognized by a locality as the owner of a business subject to a business fee. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Camping and recreational facilities: means camp sites, cabins, lodges, halls, tent camps, trailer camps, public and park lands, as well as equipment, structures and roads which are appurtenant to and useful in connection with state parks including, but not limited to sanitary and utility services, restaurants, cafeterias, stables, horses and riding equipment, bathing beaches, boathouses, boats, conference facilities, sightseeing facilities, sports facilities, bridges, access highways, and all incidental rights, easements, equipment and structures now under the control of the Department or acquired, constructed, enlarged or improved under the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 10.1-300
• Candidate species: means those species formally recommended by the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation or other reliable data sources in writing to and accepted by the Commissioner for presentation to the Board for listing under this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Capital investment: means an investment in real property, personal property, or both, at a manufacturing or basic nonmanufacturing facility within the Commonwealth that is capitalized by the company and that increases the productivity of the manufacturing facility, results in the creation, development or utilization of a more advanced technology than is in use immediately prior to such investment, or both. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Capital investment: means an investment in real property or tangible personal property, or both, by an eligible company within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Capital outlay project: means acquisition of real property, including buildings or plant or machinery or equipment, or new construction or improvements related to state-owned real property, buildings, plant, or machinery or equipment including plans therefor. See Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• care: means the responsible practice of good animal husbandry, handling, production, management, confinement, feeding, watering, protection, shelter, transportation, treatment, and, when necessary, euthanasia, appropriate for the age, species, condition, size and type of the animal and the provision of veterinary care when needed to prevent suffering or impairment of health. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Care for a mentally or physically impaired person: means assistance with the activities of daily living provided to such person when the person has been screened and has been found to be eligible, in accordance with relevant state regulations, for placement and Medicaid reimbursement for services in an assisted-living facility or a nursing home or for receiving community-based long-term care services. See Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• Caregiver: means an adult who is a single person with a Virginia adjusted gross income of not more than $50,000, or married and the combined Virginia adjusted gross income of both spouses is not more than $75,000 who provides care for a mentally or physically impaired person within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• case decision: means any agency proceeding or determination that, under laws or regulations at the time, a named party as a matter of past or present fact, or of threatened or contemplated private action, either is, is not, or may or may not be (i) in violation of such law or regulation or (ii) in compliance with any existing requirement for obtaining or retaining a license or other right or benefit. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
• Cattle: means beef-type and dairy-type cattle sold for a consideration in excess of $100 per head in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
• cave: includes or is synonymous with cavern, sinkhole, natural pit, grotto, and rock shelter. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Cave life: means any rare or endangered animal or other life form which normally occurs in, uses, visits, or inhabits any cave or subterranean water system. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• CDFI: means a community development financial institution that provides credit and financial services for underserved communities. See Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• certificate: means the part of, or attachment to, a notarized document that is completed by the notary public, bears the notary public's signature, title, commission expiration date, notary registration number, and other required information concerning the date and place of the notarization and states the facts attested to or certified by the notary public in a particular notarization. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Certificate: means a document issued or authorized by the Commissioner indicating that a regulated article is not contaminated with a noxious weed. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Certificate: includes a diploma. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Certificate of Conformance: means a document issued by the National Type Evaluation Program of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Certified company: means a Virginia employer that has been certified by the Partnership to have (i) created or caused to be created at least 200 net new basic employment jobs in the Commonwealth that are located in the participating localities with average salaries at least equal to the average wage in the participating localities and (ii) made a capital investment of at least $25 million in the participating localities. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Check: means a draft drawn on the account of an individual at a depository institution. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Chief: means the Chief of the Division of Mines of the Department of Energy. See Virginia Code 45.2-100
• Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
• Child support services: means any civil, criminal or administrative action taken by the Division of Child Support Enforcement to locate parents; establish paternity; and establish, modify, enforce, or collect child support, or child and spousal support. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Child-protective services: means the identification, receipt and immediate response to complaints and reports of alleged child abuse or neglect for children under 18 years of age. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Child-welfare agency: means a child-placing agency, children's residential facility, or independent foster home. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Circumstantial evidence: All evidence except eyewitness testimony.
• City: means the City of Bristol, Virginia. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• City: means the City of Hampton, Virginia, a municipal corporation of the Commonwealth of Virginia. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• City Council: means the City Council of the City of Bristol, Virginia. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Clerk of court: An officer appointed by the court to work with the chief judge in overseeing the court's administration, especially to assist in managing the flow of cases through the court and to maintain court records.
• Closed meeting: means a meeting from which the public is excluded. See Virginia Code 2.2-3701
• Club: means any private nonprofit corporation or association which is the owner, lessee, or occupant of an establishment operated solely for a national, social, patriotic, political, athletic, or other like purpose, but not for pecuniary gain, the advantages of which belong to all of the members. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Co-locate: means to install, mount, maintain, modify, operate, or replace a wireless facility on, under, within, or adjacent to a base station, building, existing structure, utility pole, or wireless support structure. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Coal refuse: means waste material resulting from the mining and screening or processing of coal. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Coal slurry: means waste water and impurities produced as the result of coal washing and preparation of coal for market, containing a combination of coal, shale, claystone, siltstone, sandstone, limestone, or related materials that are excavated, moved, and disposed of from underground workings. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Coal surface mining operation: means :

  1. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000

• Codi Agreement: means the voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a child will be declared missing or endangered and the public will be notified, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.3:1
• Codi Alert: means the notice of a missing or endangered child provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Codi Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.3:1
• Collaborative economic development plan: means an agreement among two or more localities that identifies commitments made by each locality to implement a collaborative approach to economic development, whether the collaboration relates to general economic development and diversification efforts by the participating localities or relates to specific economic development needs, including infrastructure and workforce training, of a company. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Collar: means a well-fitted device, appropriate to the age and size of the animal, attached to the animal's neck in such a way as to prevent trauma or injury to the animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• College: means any associate-degree-granting institution of higher education or institution of higher education at which a bachelor's degree is the most advanced degree that is granted. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• College degree: means an undergraduate degree from an accredited associate-degree-granting or baccalaureate (i) public institution of higher education or (ii) private institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• College savings trust account: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 51.1-500
• College savings trust account: means an account established pursuant to this chapter to assist individuals and families to enhance the accessibility and affordability of higher education, with such account used to apply distributions from the account toward qualified higher education expenses, as that term is defined in § 529 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or other applicable federal law. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Commercial activity: means an activity performed by or for state government that is not an inherently governmental activity and that may feasibly be obtained from a commercial source at lower cost than the activity being performed by state employees. See Virginia Code 2.2-5512
• Commercial dog breeder: means any person who, during any 12-month period, maintains 30 or more adult female dogs for the primary purpose of the sale of their offspring provided that a person who breeds an animal regulated under federal law as a research animal shall not be deemed to be a commercial dog breeder. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Commercial source: means any business or other private concern that is eligible for contract awarded in accordance with the Public-Private Education and Infrastructure Act of 2002 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-5512
• Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Commission: means the Judicial Inquiry and Review Commission provided for in Article VI, § 10 of the Constitution of Virginia. See Virginia Code 17.1-900
• Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 52-36
• Commission: means the Milk Commission. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Commission: means the Virginia State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Commission: means the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Commission: means the Virginia Code Commission. See Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• Commission: means the Tobacco Region Revitalization Commission created pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Commission: means the governing body of the local district. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Commissioner: means the Commissioner of the Department, his designee or authorized representative. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Commissioner: means the Commissioner of Financial Institutions. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Commodity in package form: means any commodity packaged in any manner in advance of sale in units suitable for either wholesale or retail sale, exclusive of an auxiliary shipping container enclosing packages that individually conform to the requirements of this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Common disaster: A sudden and extraordinary misfortune that brings about the simultaneous or near-simultaneous deaths of two or more associated persons, such as husband and wife.
• Common interest community: means a condominium, cooperative, or other real property with respect to which a person, by virtue of the person's ownership of a parcel of real property, is obligated to pay property taxes or insurance premiums, for maintenance or improvement of other real property described in a recorded covenant that creates the common interest community. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Commonwealth: means the Commonwealth of Virginia. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Communicable disease of public health threat: means an illness of public health significance, as determined by the State Health Commissioner in accordance with regulations of the Board of Health, caused by a specific or suspected infectious agent that may be reasonably expected or is known to be readily transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another and has been found to create a risk of death or significant injury or impairment; this definition shall not, however, be construed to include human immunodeficiency viruses or tuberculosis, unless used as a bioterrorism weapon. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Community action agency: means a local subdivision of the Commonwealth, a combination of political subdivisions, a separate public agency or a private nonprofit agency that has the authority under its applicable charter or laws to receive funds to support community action activities and other appropriate measures designed to identify and deal with the causes of poverty in the Commonwealth, and that is designated as a community action agency by federal law, federal regulations or the Governor. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
• Community action program budget: means state funds, federal block grants and federal categorical grants that are received by the Commonwealth for community action activities. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
• Community action statewide organization: means community action programs, organized on a statewide basis, to enhance the capability of community action agencies. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
• Community services board region: means a region as determined by the Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services for purposes of administering Chapter 5 of Title 37. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Companion animal: means any domestic or feral dog, domestic or feral cat, nonhuman primate, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit not raised for human food or fiber, exotic or native animal, reptile, exotic or native bird, or any feral animal or any animal under the care, custody, or ownership of a person or any animal that is bought, sold, traded, or bartered by any person. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• company: shall mean all corporations created by acts of the General Assembly of Virginia, or under the general incorporation laws of this Commonwealth, or doing business therein, and shall exclude all municipal corporations, other political subdivisions, and public institutions owned or controlled by the Commonwealth; and the term "the Commission" shall mean the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 12.1-1
• Company: means insurance company. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Company: means a bank, trust company, or other entity conducting the business of renting safe deposit boxes. See Virginia Code 6.2-2300
• Competency-based: means awarded on the basis of demonstrated knowledge and skills rather than completion of instructional hours or participation in an instructional course or program. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Complex project: means a construction project that includes one or more of the following significant components: difficult site location, unique equipment, specialized building systems, multifaceted program, accelerated schedule, historic designation, or intricate phasing or some other aspect that makes the design-bid-build project delivery method not practical. See Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Composting: means the natural process in which beneficial microbes reduce dead poultry into a biologically safe by-product. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Comprehensive community college: means an associate-degree-granting public institution of higher education governed by the State Board that offers instruction in one or more of the following fields:

  1. See Virginia Code 23.1-100

• Conciliation: means a process in which a neutral facilitates settlement by clarifying issues and serving as an intermediary for negotiations in a manner which is generally more informal and less structured than mediation. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Condemnation tag: means a tag applied to a weight or measure that fails to pass an official inspection, the application of which tag requires the immediate removal of the weight or measure from service. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Confidential business information: means information entitled to confidential treatment under subdivision A 1 or A 2 of § Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Conservation easement: means a nonpossessory interest of a holder in real property, whether easement appurtenant or in gross, acquired through gift, purchase, devise, or bequest imposing limitations or affirmative obligations, the purposes of which include retaining or protecting natural or open-space values of real property, assuring its availability for agricultural, forestal, recreational, or open-space use, protecting natural resources, maintaining or enhancing air or water quality, or preserving the historical, architectural or archaeological aspects of real property. See Virginia Code 10.1-1009
• Conservator: means a person appointed or qualified by a court to manage the estate of an individual or a person legally authorized to perform substantially the same functions. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Conservator: means a person appointed or qualified by a court to act as general, limited, or temporary guardian of a minor's property or a person legally authorized to perform substantially the same functions. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Conservator: includes (i) a local or regional program designated by the Department for Aging and Rehabilitative Services as a public conservator pursuant to Article 6 (§ Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Constitutional officer: means an officer provided for pursuant to Article VII, § 4 of the Constitution. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• Construction: means building, altering, repairing, improving or demolishing any structure, building or highway, and any draining, dredging, excavation, grading or similar work upon real property. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Construction contract: means a contract relating to the construction, alteration, repair, or maintenance of a building, structure, or appurtenance to such building or structure, including moving, demolition, and excavation connected with such building or structure, or any provision contained in any contract relating to the construction of projects other than buildings. See Virginia Code 2.2-4347
• Construction management contract: means a contract in which a party is retained by the owner to coordinate and administer contracts for construction services for the benefit of the owner and may also include, if provided in the contract, the furnishing of construction services to the owner. See Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Construction phase: means the following steps, as set out in the Construction and Professional Services Manual of the Department of General Services: preparation of final working drawings and specifications, advertising for a sealed bid or proposal, awarding a contract pursuant to law, and actual construction of a project. See Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Consumer: means an individual residing in the Commonwealth who owes money to one or more creditors, for personal, family, or household purposes, including an individual who owes money jointly with one or more other individuals. See Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Consumer: means any natural person purchasing an animal from a dealer or pet shop or hiring the services of a boarding establishment. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Consumer finance company: means a person engaged in the business of making loans to individuals for personal, family, household, or other nonbusiness purposes. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Container: means any barrel, bottle, carton, keg, vessel, or other receptacle used for holding alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: includes a subcontract only when the contract of which it is a part is with the officer's or employee's own governmental agency. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Contract winemaking facility: means the premises of a licensed winery or farm winery that obtains grapes, fruits, and other agricultural products from a person holding a winery or farm winery license and crushes, processes, ferments, bottles, or provides any combination of such services pursuant to an agreement with the winery or farm winery licensee. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Contractor: means any individual, partnership, corporation, or association that performs services for or supplies goods, materials, or equipment to the Commonwealth or any agency thereof. See Virginia Code 2.2-4200
• Contributor: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Contributor: means a person who contributes money to a savings trust account established pursuant to this chapter on behalf of a qualified beneficiary and who is listed as the owner of the savings trust account. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Controlling person: means a natural person who is an officer, director, or partner, or who occupies a similar status or performs a similar function, of a franchisor organized as a corporation, partnership, or other entity, or any person who possesses, directly or indirectly, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a franchisor, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Conversion date: means the banking day next preceding the date on which money, in accordance with this chapter, is (i) paid to a claimant in an action or distribution proceeding; (ii) paid to the official designated by law to enforce a judgment or award on behalf of a claimant; or (iii) used to recoup, set off, or counterclaim in different moneys in an action or distribution proceeding. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• cooperative: means a cooperative formed by an association of individuals for the purpose of manufacturing wine. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Coordinated Framework: means the federal Coordinated Framework for the Regulation of Biotechnology set forth in 51 Fed. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Coordinator: means the Coordinator of the Department of Emergency Management. See Virginia Code 44-146.34
• Cord: means the amount of wood that is contained in a space of 128 cubic feet when the wood is ranked and well stowed. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Corn: means all corn sold except sugar corn, popcorn, and ornamental corn. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• Corporation: means a private or public corporation, association, or trust issuing a security. See Virginia Code 13.1-434
• Corporation: means any nonprofit, nonstock corporation created under Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Cost: means all or any part of the cost of acquisition, construction, reconstruction, alteration, landscaping, or enlargement of a public mass transit system or highway that is located in counties that are authorized by this chapter to create a transportation improvement district, including the cost of the acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property rights, easements and interests acquired for such construction, alteration or expansion, the cost of demolishing or removing any structure on land so acquired, including the cost of acquiring any lands to which such structures may be removed, the cost of all labor, materials, machinery and equipment, financing charges, insurance, interest on all bonds prior to and during construction and, if deemed advisable by the commission, for a reasonable period after completion of such construction, reserves for principal and interest and for extensions, enlargements, additions, replacements, renovations, and improvements, provisions for working capital, the cost of surveys, engineering and architectural expenses, borings, plans and specifications and other engineering and architectural services, legal expenses, studies, estimates of costs and revenues, administrative expenses, and such other expenses as may be necessary, or incident to, the construction of the project or, solely as to districts created pursuant to this chapter after July 1, 1990, the creation of the district (the costs of which creation shall not exceed $150,000), and of such subsequent additions thereto or expansion thereof, and to determining the feasibility or practicability of such construction, the cost of financing such construction, additions, or expansion and placing the project and such additions or expansion in operation. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Cost: includes , in addition to all labor, materials, machinery and equipment for construction, (i) acquisition of land, rights-of-way, property rights, easements and interests, including the costs of moving or relocating utilities, (ii) demolition or removal of any structure on land so acquired, including acquisition of land to which such structure may be moved, (iii) survey, engineering, and architectural expenses, (iv) legal, administrative, and other related expenses, and (v) interest charges and other financing costs if impact fees are used for the payment of principal and interest on bonds, notes or other obligations issued by the locality to finance the road improvement. See Virginia Code 15.2-2318
• Cost: means as applied to a project financed under the provisions of this article, the sum total of all costs reasonable and necessary for carrying out all works and undertakings necessary or incident to accomplish a project, including, but not limited to the cost of all necessary developmental, planning and feasibility studies, surveys, plans and specifications, architectural, engineering, financial, legal or other special services, the cost of acquisition of land and any buildings and improvements thereon, including the discharge of any obligations of the vendor of such land, buildings or improvements, site preparation and development including demolition or removal of existing structures, construction, and reconstruction, furnishing of a project, the reasonable cost of financing incurred in the course of the development of a project, carrying charges during construction to the occupancy date, interest on bonds issued to finance a project to a date subsequent to the estimated date of completion of a project, necessary expenses incurred in connection with the initial occupancy of a project, the cost of reimbursing the Central Capital Planning Fund, established under § Virginia Code 2.2-2260
• Cost of camping and recreational facilities: means the purchase price, the cost of construction, the cost of all lands, properties, rights, easements and franchises acquired for construction, enlargements or improvements, reserve funds for the payment of principal or interest on the bonds, interest during construction of the enlargements or improvements, engineering and legal expenses, cost of plans, specifications, surveys, estimates of cost and of revenues, expenses for determining the feasibility or practicability of the enterprise, administrative expense, and other expenses necessary or incident to the financing and operation of any authorized project. See Virginia Code 10.1-300
• Cost of education: means the operating funds necessary during a fiscal year to provide educational and general services, other than research and public service, to students attending an institution in that fiscal year. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Cotton: means the field crop of the genus Gossypium grown to be further processed into consumable goods. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Council: means the governing body of a city or town. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• Council: means the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Council: means the State Executive Council for Children's Services created pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-5200
• Council: means the Virginia Interagency Coordinating Council created pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-5300
• Council: means the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Council: means the Virginia Conflict of Interest and Ethics Advisory Council established in § 30-355. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Counterclaim: A claim that a defendant makes against a plaintiff.
• Country buyer: means any person who buys corn from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• County: means any existing county or such unit hereafter created. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• County: means Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William Counties. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Court: means any juvenile and domestic relations district court, general district court, circuit court, or appellate court, and includes the judges and any intake specialist to whom the judge has delegated specific authority under this chapter. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Court: means a circuit court of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Court: means the circuit court having appropriate jurisdiction. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Courts of record: means the Supreme Court of Virginia, the Court of Appeals of Virginia, and the circuit courts. See Virginia Code 1-212
• Covered institution: means a public institution of higher education operating (i) subject to a management agreement set forth in Article 4 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Credential analysis: means a process or service that independently affirms the veracity of a government-issued identity credential by reviewing public or proprietary data sources and meets the standards of the Secretary of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Credible witness: means an honest, reliable, and impartial person who personally knows an individual appearing before a notary and takes an oath or affirmation from the notary to confirm that individual's identity. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Credit bureau: An agency that collects individual credit information and sells it for a fee to creditors so they can make a decision on granting loans. Typical clients include banks, mortgage lenders, credit card companies, and other financing companies. (Also commonly referred to as consumer-reporting agency or credit-reporting agency.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Credit report: A detailed report of an individual's credit history prepared by a credit bureau and used by a lender in determining a loan applicant's creditworthiness. ^{Source: OCC}
• Credit Score: A number, roughly between 300 and 800, that measures an individual's credit worthiness. The most well-known type of credit score is the FICO score. This score represents the answer from a mathematical formula that assigns numerical values to various pieces of information in your credit report. ^{Source: OCC}
• Creditable service: means prior service plus membership service, as further defined in and modified by § Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Critically missing adult: means an adult, including an adult who has a developmental disability, intellectual disability, or mental illness as those terms are defined in § Virginia Code 52-34.10
• Critically missing adult alert: means the notice of a critically missing adult provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
• Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby an adult will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
• Critically Missing Adult Alert Program: means the procedures and Critically Missing Adult Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a critically missing adult. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
• CSA: means the Children's Services Act. See Virginia Code 2.2-5200
• cultivate: means the planting, propagation, growing, harvesting, drying, curing, grading, trimming, or other similar processing of marijuana for use or sale. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Custodial property: means (i) any interest in property transferred to a custodian under this chapter and (ii) the income from and proceeds of that interest in property. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Custodial trust property: means an interest in property transferred to or held under a declaration of trust by a custodial trustee under this chapter and the income from and proceeds of that interest. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Custodial trustee: means a person designated as trustee of a custodial trust under this chapter or a substitute or successor to the person designated. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Custodian: means a person so designated under § Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Customer: means an individual for whom tax preparation services are performed. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Cybersecurity information: includes critical infrastructure information and information regarding cybersecurity risks, cybersecurity threats, and incidents, as those terms are defined in Virginia Code 2.2-5514
• dam or other structure: means any structure extending from bank to bank of a river that will interfere with the normal movement of waterborne traffic, interfere with the normal movement of fish or wildlife, raise the water level on the upstream side of the structure, or lower the water level on the downstream side of the structure. See Virginia Code 10.1-407
• Dangerous captive animal: means any bear, cougar, jaguar, leopard, lion, nonhuman primate, or tiger, or any hybrid of any such animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6594
• Date of the alleged entitlement: means the first official day of class within the term, semester, or quarter of the program of study in which a student is enrolled. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Dead poultry: means poultry, exclusive of those intentionally slaughtered, that die as a result of disease, injury, or of natural causes, upon any premises in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Dealer: means any person who in the regular course of business for compensation or profit buys, sells, transfers, exchanges, or barters companion animals. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Debt collector: means a person defined as a debt collector under Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Debtor: means any individual, business, or group having a delinquent debt or account with any state agency that obligation has not been satisfied or set aside by court order or discharged in bankruptcy. See Virginia Code 2.2-4347
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Decedent: means any person whose life has been taken as a result of murder or voluntary manslaughter. See Virginia Code 64.2-2500
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Default or insolvency: includes , but shall not be limited to, the failure or refusal of any qualified public depository to return any public deposit upon demand or at maturity and the issuance of an order of supervisory authority restraining such depository from making payments of deposit liabilities or the appointment of a receiver for such depository. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Defaulting depository: means any qualified public depository determined to be in default or insolvent. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Degree: means any earned award at the associate, baccalaureate, graduate, first professional, or specialist levels that represents satisfactory completion of the requirements of a program or course of study or instruction beyond the secondary school level. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Degree credit: means any earned credits awarded for successful completion of the requirements of a course of study or instruction beyond the secondary school level that may be used toward completion of a certificate or degree. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Department: means the Department of Education. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Department: means the Department of Taxation. See Virginia Code 9.1-209
• Department: means the Department of Emergency Management. See Virginia Code 44-146.31
• Department: means the Department of Emergency Management. See Virginia Code 44-146.34
• Department: means the State Department of Social Services. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Department: means the Department of Aviation. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Department: means the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Department: means the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
• Department: means the department designated by the Secretary of Commerce and Trade to implement the requirements of this chapter for certain types or classes of regulated introductions. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Department: means the Department of Transportation. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Department: means the Department of Workforce Development and Advancement. See Virginia Code 2.2-2036
• Department: means the Department of General Services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Department of Health and Human Services: means the Department of Health and Human Services of the United States government or any department or agency thereof that may hereafter be designated as the agency to administer the Social Security Act, as amended. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Dependent child: means (i) the insured employee's unmarried natural or legally adopted children who are not self-supporting; (ii) the insured employee's unmarried stepchildren living full time with the insured employee in a parent-child relationship and who can be claimed as a dependent on the insured employee's federal income tax return; (iii) any other children if they are in the insured employee's court-ordered custody; or (iv) other dependent children of the employee's family who are eligible for coverage under the family membership program offered under policies and procedures of the Department of Human Resource Management governing health insurance plans administered pursuant to § Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Dependent student: includes unemancipated minors. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Depository institution: means a bank, savings institution, or credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Design Standards: means the standards developed as a requirement of the Programmatic Agreement and referred to in that document as the "Historic Preservation Manual and Design Standards" which govern the restoration, rehabilitation, and renovation of the contributing elements to the Fort Monroe National Historic Landmark District and new construction, additions, and reconstruction of buildings so they are compatible with the overall character of the District, as they may be adopted or amended from time to time. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Design-bid-build: means a project delivery method in which a public body sequentially awards two separate contracts, the first for professional services to design the project and the second utilizing competitive sealed bidding for construction of the project according to the design. See Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Designated agency: means the agency designated by the Secretary of Health and Human Resources pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-5400
• Detailed planning: means the preparation of architectural and engineering documents up to the preliminary design stage, as defined in the Construction and Professional Services Manual of the Department of General Services. See Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Development: means a tract of land developed or to be developed as a unit under single ownership or unified control which is to be used for any business or industrial purpose or is to contain three or more residential dwelling units. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Development rights: includes "transferable development rights. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Direct and immediate threat: means any clear and imminent danger to an animal's health, safety or life. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Direct contact: means physical contact or proximity where physical contact is possible, including an opportunity for photography without a permanent physical barrier designed to prevent physical contact between the public and a dangerous captive animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6594
• Directly engages in an ox activity: means a person who rides, trains, drives, leads, or is a passenger upon an ox, whether mounted or unmounted, or on an ox drawn vehicle, but does not mean a spectator at an ox activity or a person who participates in the ox activity but does not ride, train, drive, lead, or ride as a passenger upon an ox or ox drawn vehicle. See Virginia Code 3.2-6300
• Director: means the Executive Director of the Department of Fire Programs. See Virginia Code 9.1-209
• Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• Director: means the Director of the Department of Environmental Quality. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Director: means the Director of the Department of Conservation and Recreation. See Virginia Code 10.1-100
• Disaster: means (i) any man-made disaster, including any condition following an attack by any enemy or foreign nation upon the United States resulting in substantial damage of property or injury to persons in the United States including by use of bombs, missiles, shell fire, or nuclear, radiological, chemical, or biological means or other weapons or by overt paramilitary actions; terrorism, foreign and domestic; cyber incidents; and any industrial, nuclear, or transportation accident, explosion, conflagration, power failure, resources shortage, or other condition such as sabotage, oil spills, and other injurious environmental contaminations that threaten or cause damage to property, human suffering, hardship, or loss of life and (ii) any natural disaster, including any hurricane, tornado, storm, flood, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, earthquake, drought, fire, communicable disease of public health threat, or other natural catastrophe resulting in damage, hardship, suffering, or possible loss of life. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Discharge: means spillage, leakage, pumping, pouring, seepage, emitting, dumping, emptying, injecting, escaping, leaching, fire, explosion, or other releases. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Disclaimant: means the person to whom a disclaimed interest or power would have passed had the disclaimer not been made. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Disclaimed interest: means the interest that would have passed to the disclaimant had the disclaimer not been made. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Disclaimer: means the refusal to accept an interest in or power over property. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Dismemberment: means a dismemberment covered under the group insurance coverage purchased by the Board. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Disposal: means to put dead poultry into a landfill or the complete destruction of dead poultry in an incinerator or a disposal pit, or by rendering or composting. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Disposal pit: means an opening dug in the ground to a minimum depth of six feet, containing a minimum capacity of 150 cubic feet, covered with a minimum of 12 inches of dirt, and provided with one or more openings for the introduction of poultry therein. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Dispute resolution proceeding: means any structured process in which a neutral assists disputants in reaching a voluntary settlement by means of dispute resolution techniques such as mediation, conciliation, early neutral evaluation, nonjudicial settlement conferences or any other proceeding leading to a voluntary settlement conducted consistent with the requirements of this chapter. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Dispute resolution proceeding: means any structured process in which a neutral assists parties to a dispute in reaching a voluntary settlement by means of dispute resolution processes such as mediation, conciliation, facilitation, partnering, fact-finding, neutral evaluation, use of ombudsmen or any other proceeding leading to a voluntary settlement. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• Dispute resolution program: means a program that offers dispute resolution services to the public, which is run by the Commonwealth or any private for-profit or not-for-profit organization, political subdivision, or public corporation, or a combination of these. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Dispute resolution services: includes screening and intake of disputants, conducting dispute resolution proceedings, drafting agreements and providing information or referral services. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Disseminate: means to release, transfer, or otherwise communicate information orally, in writing, or by electronic means. See Virginia Code 2.2-3801
• distance learning modality: means any course offered by a postsecondary school for which the primary mode of instructional delivery is by television, videocassette or disc, film, radio, computer, or other telecommunications devices. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Distribution proceeding: means a judicial or nonjudicial proceeding for the distribution of a fund in which one or more foreign-money claims are asserted and includes an accounting, an assignment for the benefit of creditors, a foreclosure, the liquidation or rehabilitation of a corporation or other entity, and the distribution of an estate, trust, or other fund. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Distributor: means any of the following persons engaged in the business of distributing, marketing, or in any manner handling fluid milk, in whole or in part, in fluid form for consumption in the Commonwealth:

  1. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200

• District: means one of the districts set forth in § Virginia Code 3.2-1200
• Disturbed land: means the area from which overburden has been removed in any mining operation, plus the area covered by the spoil and refuse, plus any area used in such mining operation, including land used for processing, stockpiling, or settling ponds. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Division: means the Division of Debt Collection of the Office of the Attorney General created pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-4801
• Division: means the Division of Engineering and Buildings of the Department of General Services as established by § Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Division: means the Division of Mined Land Repurposing. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Division: means the Division of Mineral Mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Division superintendent: means the division superintendent of schools of a school division. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• DMP: means a program whereby a person agrees to engage in debt pooling and distribution services on behalf of a consumer, or multiple consumers if a joint account. See Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Docket: A log containing brief entries of court proceedings.
• Document: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form, including a record as defined in the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (§ Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Domicile: means the present, fixed home of an individual to which he returns following temporary absences and at which he intends to stay indefinitely. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Domiciliary intent: means present intent to remain indefinitely. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Donee: The recipient of a gift.
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Dual enrollment: means the enrollment of a qualified high school student in a postsecondary course that is creditable toward high school completion and a career certificate or an associate or baccalaureate degree at a public institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Dump: means to knowingly desert, forsake, or absolutely give up without having secured another owner or custodian any dog, cat, or other companion animal in any public place including the right-of-way of any public highway, road or street or on the property of another. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Dwelling: means a residential structure or mobile home that contains one to four family housing units, or individual units of condominiums or cooperatives. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Early intervention services: means services provided through Part C of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Virginia Code 2.2-5300
• Educational and general fees: means fees over and above tuition charged for certain educational and general services. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Educational and general services: means services associated with instruction, academic support, student services, institutional support, research, public service, or operation and maintenance of physical plant, with adjustments based on particular state policies relating to specific institutional conditions. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Educational facility: means any building used for instruction of enrolled students, including but not limited to any day-care center, nursery school, public or private school, institution of higher education, medical school, law school, or career and technical education school. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Eggs for use: means eggs that are incorporated into another product at a Virginia location so as to lose their character as eggs. See Virginia Code 3.2-1600
• Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Electronic document: means information that is created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Electronic notarial certificate: means the portion of a notarized electronic document that is completed by the notary public, bears the notary public's signature, title, commission expiration date, and other required information concerning the date and place of the electronic notarization, and states the facts attested to or certified by the notary public in a particular notarization. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• electronic notarization: means an official act by a notary under § Virginia Code 47.1-2
• electronic notary: means a notary public who has been commissioned by the Secretary of the Commonwealth with the capability of performing electronic notarial acts under § Virginia Code 47.1-2
• electronic seal: means information within a notarized electronic document that confirms the notary's name, jurisdiction, and commission expiration date and generally corresponds to data in notary seals used on paper documents. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Electronic signature: means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic document and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the document. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Elementary: includes kindergarten. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• elementary or secondary: include elementary, middle, and high school grades. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Eligible business: means any person engaged in one or more business enterprises in the Commonwealth that satisfies one or more of the following requirements: (i) is a for-profit enterprise that (a) has received $10 million or less in annual gross income under generally accepted accounting principles for each of its last three fiscal years or lesser time period if it has been in existence less than three years, (b) has fewer than 250 employees, (c) has a net worth of $2 million or less, (d) exists for the sole purpose of developing or operating a qualified transportation facility under the Public-Private Transportation Act of 1995 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Eligible collateral: means securities or instruments authorized as legal investments under the laws of the Commonwealth for public sinking funds or other public funds as well as Federal Home Loan Bank letters of credit issued in accordance with guidelines promulgated by the Treasury Board. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Eligible company: means , for companies located in a Metropolitan Statistical Area with a population of 300,000 or more in the most recently preceding decennial census, a Virginia employer that:

  a. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100

• Eligible employee stock ownership plan: means an employee stock ownership plan as such term is defined in § 4975(e)(7) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, sponsored by a professional corporation and with respect to which:

  1. See Virginia Code 13.1-543

• Eligible institution: means a baccalaureate public institution of higher education or baccalaureate nonprofit private institution of higher education whose primary purpose is to provide undergraduate collegiate education and not to provide religious training or theological education. See Virginia Code 23.1-622
• Eligible institution: means a comprehensive community college, the Institute for Advanced Learning and Research, New College Institute, Richard Bland College, Roanoke Higher Education Center, Southern Virginia Higher Education Center, or Southwest Virginia Higher Education Center. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Eligible institution: means a nonprofit private institution of higher education whose primary purpose is to provide collegiate, graduate, or professional education and not to provide religious training or theological education. See Virginia Code 23.1-628
• Eligible manufacturer or research and development service: means an existing Virginia manufacturer or research and development service that makes a capital investment of at least $25 million that is announced on or after June 1, 1998, which investment does not result in any net reduction in employment within one year after the capital investment has been completed and verified. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Eligible student: means any Virginia student enrolled at an eligible institution who is domiciled in the Commonwealth as provided in § Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Emergency: means any occurrence, or threat thereof, whether natural or man-made, which results or may result in substantial injury or harm to the population or substantial damage to or loss of property or natural resources and may involve governmental action beyond that authorized or contemplated by existing law because governmental inaction for the period required to amend the law to meet the exigency would work immediate and irrevocable harm upon the citizens or the environment of the Commonwealth or some clearly defined portion or portions thereof. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Emergency services: means the preparation for and the carrying out of functions, other than functions for which military forces are primarily responsible, to prevent, minimize, and repair injury and damage resulting from disasters, together with all other activities necessary or incidental to the preparation for and carrying out of the foregoing functions. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Emergency veterinary treatment: means veterinary treatment to stabilize a life-threatening condition, alleviate suffering, prevent further disease transmission, or prevent further disease progression. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Employed full time: means employed in a position resulting in at least an annual earned income reported for tax purposes equivalent to 50 work weeks of 40 hours at minimum wage. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Employee: means a state police officer. See Virginia Code 51.1-201
• Employee: means any (i) member of the Capitol Police Force as described in § Virginia Code 51.1-212
• Employee: means an individual (i) whose manner and means of performance of work are subject to the right of control of, or are controlled by, a person and (ii) whose compensation for federal income tax purposes is reported, or required to be reported, on a W-2 form issued by the controlling person. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Employee: means all persons employed by a governmental or advisory agency, unless otherwise limited by the context of its use. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Employment services organization: means an organization that provides employment services to individuals with disabilities that is an approved Commission on the Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities (CARF) accredited vendor of the Department for Aging and Rehabilitative Services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• En banc: In the bench or "full bench." Refers to court sessions with the entire membership of a court participating rather than the usual quorum. U.S. courts of appeals usually sit in panels of three judges, but may expand to a larger number in certain cases. They are then said to be sitting en banc.
• Enclosure: means a structure used to house or restrict animals from running at large. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• enclosure: means any fenced area open commercially to the public or any private facility where animals are held for the purpose of being shot. See Virginia Code 3.2-6035
• Endangered species: means any species or variety of plant life or insect life determined by the Board to be in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant part of its range other than a species determined by the Commissioner not to be in the best interest of the welfare of man. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Energy assistance: means benefits to assist low-income households with their home heating and cooling needs, including, but not limited to, purchase of materials or substances used for home heating, repair or replacement of heating equipment, emergency intervention in no-heat situations, purchase or repair of cooling equipment, and payment of electric bills to operate cooling equipment, in accordance with § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Energy storage facilities: means the energy storage equipment and technology within an energy storage project that is capable of absorbing energy, storing such energy for a period of time, and redelivering such energy after it has been stored. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.6
• Energy storage project: means the energy storage facilities within the project site. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.6
• Engages in an equine activity: means : (i) any person, whether mounted or unmounted, who rides, handles, trains, drives, assists in providing medical or therapeutic treatment of, or is a passenger upon an equine; (ii) any person who participates in an equine activity but does not necessarily ride, handle, train, drive, or ride as a passenger upon an equine; (iii) any person visiting, touring or utilizing an equine facility as part of an event or activity; or (iv) any person who assists a participant or equine activity sponsor or management in an equine activity. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Entity: means any corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Environmental covenant: means a servitude arising under an environmental response project that imposes activity and use limitations. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Environmental response project: means a plan or work performed for environmental remediation of real property and conducted:

  1. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238

• Equine: means a horse, pony, mule, donkey, or hinny. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Equine activity: means : (i) equine shows, fairs, competitions, performances, or parades that involve any or all breeds of equines and any of the equine disciplines, including dressage, hunter and jumper horse shows, grand prix jumping, three-day events, combined training, rodeos, driving, pulling, cutting, polo, steeple chasing, endurance trail riding and western games, and hunting; (ii) equine training or teaching activities; (iii) boarding equines; (iv) riding, inspecting, or evaluating an equine belonging to another whether or not the owner has received some monetary consideration or other thing of value for the use of the equine or is permitting a prospective purchaser of the equine to ride, inspect, or evaluate the equine; (v) rides, trips, hunts, or other equine activities of any type however informal or impromptu that are sponsored by an equine activity sponsor; (vi) conducting general hoofcare, including placing or replacing horseshoes or hoof trimming of an equine; and (vii) providing or assisting in breeding or therapeutic veterinary treatment. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Equine activity sponsor: means any person or his agent who, for profit or not for profit, sponsors, organizes, or provides the facilities for an equine activity, including pony clubs, 4-H clubs, hunt clubs, riding clubs, school- and college-sponsored classes and programs, therapeutic riding programs, and operators, instructors, and promoters of equine facilities, including stables, clubhouses, ponyride strings, fairs, and arenas where the activity is held. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Equine professional: means a person or his agent engaged for compensation in: (i) instructing a participant or renting to a participant an equine for the purpose of riding, driving, or being a passenger upon an equine; or (ii) renting equipment or tack to a participant. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Establishment: means any place where alcoholic beverages of one or more varieties are lawfully manufactured, sold, or used. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Estate: includes both real and personal property. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Euthanasia: means the humane destruction of an animal accomplished by a method that involves instantaneous unconsciousness and immediate death or by a method that involves anesthesia, produced by an agent that causes painless loss of consciousness, and death during such loss of consciousness. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Evidence-based literacy instruction: means structured instructional practices, including sequential, systematic, explicit, and cumulative teaching, that (i) are based on reliable, trustworthy, and valid evidence consistent with science-based reading research; (ii) are used in core or general instruction, supplemental instruction, intervention services, and intensive intervention services; (iii) have a demonstrated record of success in adequately increasing students' reading competency, vocabulary, oral language, and comprehension and in building mastery of the foundational reading skills of phonological and phonemic awareness, alphabetic principle, phonics, spelling, and text reading fluency; and (iv) are able to be differentiated in order to meet the individual needs of students. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Ex officio: means service by virtue of one's office and includes voting privileges for ex officio members unless otherwise provided. See Virginia Code 1-215
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• exercise: means the opportunity for the animal to move sufficiently to maintain normal muscle tone and mass for the age, species, size, and condition of the animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Exhibitor: means any person who has animals for or on public display, excluding an exhibitor licensed by the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Existing nonprofit entity: means any nonprofit organization that is exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code and eligible to receive donations from a locality pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Existing structure: includes any structure that is currently supporting, designed to support, or capable of supporting the attachment of wireless facilities, including towers, buildings, utility poles, light poles, flag poles, signs, and water towers. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Exporter: means any person offering corn for export sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• Facilitator: means a person who receives or accepts for delivery an application for a refund anticipation loan, delivers a check in payment of refund anticipation loan proceeds, or in any other manner acts to allow the making of a refund anticipation loan. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Facility: means a building or portion thereof as designated by the State Veterinarian, other than a private residential dwelling and its surrounding grounds, that is used to contain a primary enclosure or enclosures in which animals are housed or kept. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Facility: means a state or licensed hospital, training center, psychiatric hospital, or other type of residential or outpatient mental health or mental retardation facility. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Facility: means a particular building or structure or particular buildings or structures, including all equipment, appurtenances, and accessories necessary or appropriate for the operation of such facility. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Fair Debt Collection Practices Act: The Fair Debt Collection Practices Act is a set of United States statutes added as Title VIII of the Consumer Credit Protection Act. Its purpose is to ensure ethical practices in the collection of consumer debts and to provide consumers with an avenue for disputing and obtaining validation of debt information in order to ensure the information's accuracy. It is often used in conjunction with the Fair Credit Reporting Act. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Family and permanency team: means the group of individuals assembled by the local department to assist with determining planning and placement options for a child, which shall include, as appropriate, all biological relatives and fictive kin of the child, as well as any professionals who have served as a resource to the child or his family, such as teachers, medical or mental health providers, and clergy members. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Farm or ranch: means one or more areas of land used for the production, cultivation, growing, harvesting or processing of agricultural products. See Virginia Code 3.2-6400
• Farm winery: means (i) an establishment or cooperative located in the Commonwealth on land zoned agricultural that has (a) a vineyard, orchard, or similar growing area that produces fruits or other agricultural products used to manufacture the wine of such farm winery, subject to the requirements set forth in § Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Farmer: means any person who derives at least 75 percent of his gross income from a farming operation in the Commonwealth as reported on his federal income tax forms the previous year, or a farmer who receives or is eligible to receive a federal loan and who owns or leases land that would be eligible for special tax assessments pursuant to Article 4 (§ Virginia Code 3.2-500
• Farming activity: means , consistent with standard animal husbandry practices, the raising, management, and use of agricultural animals to provide food, fiber, or transportation and the breeding, exhibition, lawful recreational use, marketing, transportation, and slaughter of agricultural animals pursuant to such purposes. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Farming unit: means any sole proprietorship, corporation, or partnership and includes land owned and leased by any such business entity. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Federal act: means the federal Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, P. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Federal Act: means the Small Business Investment Act of 1958, Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Federal agency: means the United States of America, the President of the United States of America, and any department, corporation, agency, or instrumentality created, designated, or established by the United States of America. See Virginia Code 10.1-1600
• Federal agency: means and includes the United States of America or any department, bureau, agency, or instrumentality thereof. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Federal agency: means the United States; the President of the United States; and any department, corporation, agency, or instrumentality heretofore or hereafter created, designated, or established by the United States. See Virginia Code 2.2-2200
• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation: A government corporation that insures the deposits of all national and state banks that are members of the Federal Reserve System. ^{Source: OCC}
• Federal regulator: means a federal department, agency, or other instrumentality of the federal government, or a designee of such federal instrumentality, which is responsible for regulating an introduction of a genetically engineered organism into the environment under the Coordinated Framework. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Federal statute: means a federal statute that is in accord with the United States Constitution imposing mandates on state or local governments, which may include, but is not limited to, the following:

  1. See Virginia Code 2.2-617

• Federal-Funded Kinship Guardianship Assistance program: means a program consistent with Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Fee: means a fee charged by a locality in accordance with a tourism improvement district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Fee: means a fee charged by a locality in accordance with a business improvement and recruitment district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Felonious assault: means a physical assault (i) by another person resulting in bodily harm to an insured employee; (ii) that takes place while such employee is performing his customary duties at the employer's normal place of business or at other places the employer's business requires him to travel; (iii) that involves the use of force or violence with the intent to cause harm; and (iv) that is a felony or misdemeanor under applicable law. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Fictive kin: means persons who are not related to a child by blood or adoption but have an established relationship with the child or his family. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Fiduciary: means a personal representative, trustee, agent acting under a power of attorney, or other person authorized to act as a fiduciary with respect to the property of another person. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Fiduciary: includes a guardian, committee, trustee, executor, conservator, or personal representative. See Virginia Code 64.2-100
• Financial institution: means any bank, trust company, savings institution, industrial loan association, consumer finance company, or credit union. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Financial institution: means a bank, trust company, savings institution, or credit union chartered and supervised under state or federal law. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Fiscal year: means the period from July 1 of one calendar year to June 30 of the next calendar year. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Fixed Rate: Having a "fixed" rate means that the APR doesn't change based on fluctuations of some external rate (such as the "Prime Rate"). In other words, a fixed rate is a rate that is not a variable rate. A fixed APR can change over time, in several circumstances:
  • You are late making a payment or commit some other default, triggering an increase to a penalty rate
  • The bank changes the terms of your account and you do not reject the change.
  • The rate expires (if the rate was fixed for only a certain period of time).
• Flawed product: means an irregular unit of goods that cannot be sold to an end user. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Forbearance: A means of handling a delinquent loan. A
• Foreign money: means money other than money of the United States of America. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Foreign-money claim: means a claim upon an obligation to pay, or a claim for recovery of a loss, expressed in or measured by a foreign money. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Foster care placement: means placement of a child through (i) an agreement between the parents or guardians and the local board where legal custody remains with the parents or guardians or (ii) an entrustment or commitment of the child to the local board or licensed child-placing agency. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Foster care provider: means a person who provides care or rehabilitation for companion animals through an affiliation with a public or private animal shelter, home-based rescue, releasing agency, or other animal welfare organization. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Foster home: means a residence approved by a child-placing agency or local board in which any child, other than a child by birth or adoption of such person or a child who is the subject of a power of attorney to delegate parental or legal custodial powers by his parents or legal custodian to the natural person who has been designated the child's legal guardian pursuant to Chapter 10 of Title 20 and who exercises legal authority over the child on a continuous basis for at least 24 hours without compensation, resides as a member of the household. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Foster home: means a private residential dwelling and its surrounding grounds, or any facility other than a public or private animal shelter, at which site through an affiliation with a public or private animal shelter, home-based rescue, releasing agency, or other animal welfare organization care or rehabilitation is provided for companion animals. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Founder: means a person who founds a company. See Virginia Code 2.2-2352
• Founder-friendly: means policies related to the transactional process of the development of technology, from research to commercialization, that are fair, transparent, and designed to enable the success of an inventor and business owner as the business grows. See Virginia Code 2.2-2352
• Franchise: means a written contract or agreement between two or more persons, by which:

  1. See Virginia Code 13.1-559

• Franchisee: means a person to whom a franchise is granted or sold. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Franchisor: means a person, including a subfranchisor, who grants or sells, or offers to grant or sell, a franchise. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Fraudulent academic credential: means a certificate, academic transcript, or other document issued by a person or other entity that is not an institution of higher education that provides evidence of or demonstrates completion of coursework or academic credit that results in the issuance of a degree. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Fund: means the Virginia Airports Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 5.1-30.1
• Fund: means the Virginia Cannabis Equity Business Loan Fund established in § Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Fund: means the Virginia Brownfields Restoration and Economic Redevelopment Assistance Fund. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Fund: means the Virginia Caregivers Grant Fund established by § Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• Fund: means the Virginia Investment Partnership Grant Fund created pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Fund: means the Virginia Collaborative Economic Development Performance Grant Fund created pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Fund: means the Virginia Tobacco Region Revolving Fund created by this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Fund: means a student loan fund. See Virginia Code 23.1-617
• Fund: means the New Economy Workforce Credential Grant Fund. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Fund: means the Opioid Abatement Fund. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Fund: means the Virginia Growth and Opportunity Fund. See Virginia Code 2.2-2484
• Funding: means loans made from the Fund. See Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• furnishings: means any fixtures, leasehold improvements, equipment, office furniture and furnishings whatsoever necessary or desirable for the use and occupancy of such project, and the terms "to furnish" and "furnishing" means the acquisition and installation of such fixtures, equipment and furnishings. See Virginia Code 2.2-2260
• Garbage: means animal and vegetable wastes resulting from the handling, preparation, cooking, and consumption of foods containing animal carcasses or parts thereof. See Virginia Code 3.2-6031
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Gate: means any structure or device located to limit or prohibit access or entry to any cave. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• gender identity: when used in reference to discrimination in the Code and acts of the General Assembly, means the gender-related identity, appearance, or other gender-related characteristics of an individual, with or without regard to the individual's designated sex at birth. See Virginia Code 2.2-3901
• general contractor: includes contractors, laborers, mechanics, and persons furnishing materials, who contract directly with the owner, and the term "subcontractor" includes all such contractors, laborers, mechanics, and persons furnishing materials, who do not contract with the owner but with the general contractor. See Virginia Code 43-1
• General relief: means money payments and other forms of relief made to those persons mentioned in § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Genetically engineered organism: means an organism (any organism such as animal, plant, bacterium, cyanobacterium, fungus, protist, or virus), altered or produced through genetic modification from a donor, vector, or recipient organism using modern molecular techniques such as recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methodology, and any living organisms derived therefrom. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Goods: means all material, equipment, supplies, printing, and automated data processing hardware and software. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Governing board: includes the State Board and the board of visitors of each baccalaureate public institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• governing body: includes both or all of them. See Virginia Code 15.2-2602
• Governing instrument: means a deed, will, trust, insurance or annuity policy, account with POD designation, security registered in beneficiary form (TOD), or pension, profit-sharing, retirement, or similar benefit plan; instrument creating or exercising a power of appointment or a power of attorney; or a donative, appointive, or nominative instrument of any other type. See Virginia Code 64.2-2200
• Government store: means a store established by the Authority for the sale of alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Governmental agency: means each component part of the legislative, executive or judicial branches of state and local government, including each office, department, authority, post, commission, committee, and each institution or board created by law to exercise some regulatory or sovereign power or duty as distinguished from purely advisory powers or duties. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Grant: means the amount of financial assistance awarded under this article whether disbursed by warrant directly to an eligible institution or directly to a Virginia student. See Virginia Code 23.1-622
• Grant: means a New Economy Workforce Credential Grant. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Grant: means a Tuition Assistance Grant. See Virginia Code 23.1-628
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Groomer: means any person who, for a fee, cleans, trims, brushes, makes neat, manicures, or treats for external parasites any animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Gross weight: means the total weight of the commodity, including any wrapper, and any other material or thing weighed or packed with such commodity, and including the vehicle or vessel containing the commodity. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: means a person appointed or qualified by a court as a guardian of a person, including a limited guardian, but not a person who is only a guardian ad litem. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Guardian: means a person appointed by the court who has the powers and duties set out in § Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Guardian ad litem: means an attorney appointed by the court to represent the interests of the respondent and whose duties include evaluation of the petition for guardianship or conservatorship and filing a report with the court pursuant to § Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Guidance document: means any document developed by a state agency or staff that provides information or guidance of general applicability to the staff or public to interpret or implement statutes or the agency's rules or regulations, excluding agency minutes or documents that pertain only to the internal management of agencies. See Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• Guidance document: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Handler: means , at the point where the cattle are weighed or traded and the value determined, an operator of any stockyard, livestock dealership, slaughterhouse, packing plant, or livestock auction market, or any other person who purchases from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
• Handler: means any processor, dealer, shipper, country buyer, exporter, or any other business entity that purchases corn from a producer. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• Handler: means a commercial enterprise that gins cotton. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Handler: means any person who operates a grading station, a packer, distributor, or other person who purchases, sells, or handles eggs that are used at the wholesale level for consumption in Virginia or, a farmer who packs, processes, or otherwise performs the functions of a handler. See Virginia Code 3.2-1600
• Hatching egg: means any egg of any chicken, turkey, waterfowl, or game bird, or the egg of any other avian species that is used or intended to be used for hatching purposes. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Hazard mitigation: means any action taken to reduce or eliminate the long-term risk to human life and property from natural hazards. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Hazardous materials: means substances or materials which may pose unreasonable risks to health, safety, property, or the environment when used, transported, stored or disposed of, which may include materials which are solid, liquid or gas. See Virginia Code 44-146.34
• Health authorities: include the Board of Health, the Office of Dairy and Foods in the Department, and the local health authorities. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Health care facility: means any institution, place, building, or agency required to be licensed under Virginia law, including but not limited to any hospital, nursing facility or nursing home, boarding home, assisted living facility, supervised living facility, or ambulatory medical and surgical center. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Hearing: means agency processes other than those informational or factual inquiries of an informal nature provided in §§ Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Hearing officer: means an attorney selected from a list maintained by the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court in accordance with § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• High-demand field: means a discipline or field in which there is a shortage of skilled workers to fill current job vacancies or anticipated additional job openings. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Historic area: means an area containing one or more buildings or places in which historic events occurred or having special public value because of notable architectural, archaeological or other features relating to the cultural or artistic heritage of the community, of such significance as to warrant conservation and preservation. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Historically economically disadvantaged community: means the same as such term is defined in § 56-576. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Holder: means a charitable corporation, charitable association, or charitable trust which has been declared exempt from taxation pursuant to Virginia Code 10.1-1009
• Holder: means the grantee of an environmental covenant as specified in subsection A of § Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Home-based rescue: means an animal welfare organization that takes custody of companion animals for the purpose of facilitating adoption and houses such companion animals in a foster home or a system of foster homes. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Horse: means any stallion, colt, gelding, mare, or filly. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Host locality: means any locality within the jurisdictional boundaries of which construction of a commercial solar project or an energy storage project is proposed. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.6
• Hotel: means any duly licensed establishment, provided with special space and accommodation, where, in consideration of payment, food and lodging are habitually furnished to persons, and which has four or more bedrooms. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Humane: means any action taken in consideration of and with the intent to provide for the animal's health and well-being. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Humane investigator: means a person who has been appointed by a circuit court as a humane investigator as provided in § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Humane society: means any incorporated, nonprofit organization that is organized for the purposes of preventing cruelty to animals and promoting humane care and treatment or adoptions of animals. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Hybrid canine: means any animal that is or can be demonstrated to be a hybrid of the domestic dog and any other species of the Canidae family; that at any time has been permitted, registered, licensed, or advertised as such; or that at any time has been described, represented, or reported as such by its owner to a licensed veterinarian, law-enforcement officer, animal control officer, humane investigator, official of the Department of Health, or State Veterinarian's representative. See Virginia Code 3.2-6581
• Identity proofing: means a process or service that independently verifies an individual's identity in accordance with § Virginia Code 47.1-2
• IEP: means a plan or program developed annually to ensure that a child who has a disability identified under the law and is attending an elementary or secondary educational institution receives specialized instruction and related services as provided by Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Immature plant: means a nonflowering marijuana plant that is no taller than eight inches and no wider than eight inches, is produced from a cutting, clipping, or seedling, and is growing in a container. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Immediate family: means a spouse, children, parents, brothers and sisters, and any other person living in the same household as the employee. See Virginia Code 2.2-4368
• Immediate family member: means the insured employee's spouse, children, parents, grandparents, grandchildren, brothers and sisters and their spouses. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Immediate family member: means a spouse, child, sibling, parent, grandparent, or grandchild. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Impact fee: means a charge or assessment imposed against new development in order to generate revenue to fund or recover the costs of reasonable road improvements benefiting the new development. See Virginia Code 15.2-2318
• Impact fee service area: means an area designated within the comprehensive plan of a locality having clearly defined boundaries and clearly related traffic needs and within which development is to be subject to the assessment of impact fees. See Virginia Code 15.2-2318
• Impound water: means to impound water for use in carrying out any part of the process necessary in the production or preparation of minerals. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
• In forma pauperis: In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
• Incapacitated: means lacking the ability to manage property and business affairs effectively by reason of mental illness, mental deficiency, physical illness or disability, chronic use of drugs, chronic intoxication, confinement, detention by a foreign power, disappearance, minority, or other disabling cause. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Incapacitated person: means an adult who has been found by a court to be incapable of receiving and evaluating information effectively or responding to people, events, or environments to such an extent that the individual lacks the capacity to (i) meet the essential requirements for his health, care, safety, or therapeutic needs without the assistance or protection of a guardian or (ii) manage property or financial affairs or provide for his support or for the support of his legal dependents without the assistance or protection of a conservator. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Incinerator: means a device designed for treatment of waste by combustion. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Incorporated: means organized and maintained as a legal entity in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• incorporated towns: as used in this article means only those incorporated towns which have held municipal elections in the ten years preceding the date of the filing of a petition for a referendum pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-3520
• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Indenture: means any trust agreement, deed of trust, mortgage, or other security agreement under which bonds authorized pursuant to this article shall be issued or secured. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Independent living: means a planned program of services designed to assist a child age 16 and over and persons who are former foster care children or were formerly committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice and are between the ages of 18 and 21 in transitioning to self-sufficiency. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Independent living arrangement: means placement of (i) a child at least 16 years of age who is in the custody of a local board or licensed child-placing agency by the local board or licensed child-placing agency or (ii) a child at least 16 years of age or a person between the ages of 18 and 21 who was committed to the Department of Juvenile Justice immediately prior to placement by the Department of Juvenile Justice, in a living arrangement in which such child or person does not have daily substitute parental supervision. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Independent physician: means a physician who is chosen by the resident of the assisted living facility and who has no financial interest in the assisted living facility, directly or indirectly, as an owner, officer, or employee or as an independent contractor with the residence. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Independent student: includes emancipated minors. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Index: means the Virginia Innovation Index. See Virginia Code 2.2-2352
• Individual: shall include any companion animal. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• individual: means a current direct recipient of public or private mental health, developmental, or substance abuse treatment, rehabilitation, or habilitation services and includes the terms "consumer" "patient" "resident" "recipient" or "client. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Industry-recognized: means demonstrating competency or proficiency in the technical and occupational skills identified as necessary for performing functions of an occupation based on standards developed or endorsed by employers and industry organizations. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Infested: means the establishment of a noxious weed or exposure to such weed, which would be reasonable cause to believe that establishment could occur. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Infrastructure: means all property, whether attached to real property or not, now used by Bristol Virginia Utilities and hereafter used by the Authority for the provision of (i) electric, water, sewer, telecommunications, internet, and cable television services and (ii) all other utility services the Authority may lawfully provide. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• inhabitants: means with reference to any county, city, town, political subdivision of the Commonwealth or any combination thereof, the natural persons in such county, city, town, political subdivision or combination as shown by the unadjusted United States decennial census last preceding the time at which any provision dependent upon population is being applied or the time as of which it is being construed. See Virginia Code 1-235
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Innocent land owner: means a person who holds any title, security interest or any other interest in a brownfield site and who acquired ownership of the real property after the release of hazardous substances occurred. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• insect life: means any species of the class Insecta. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Inspector: means a state inspector who is employed and authorized to test, certify, and seal weights and measures. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Inspector: means a State Animal Welfare Inspector employed pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• institution: means any person or other entity, other than a public institution of higher education or any other entity authorized to issue bonds pursuant to Chapter 11 (§ Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Institution: means a public institution of higher education that has established a student loan fund from appropriations from the general fund of the state treasury for fellowships, scholarships, and loans. See Virginia Code 23.1-617
• Insurance fraud: means any commission or attempted commission of the criminal acts and practices defined in § Virginia Code 52-36
• Insurance policy: means a contract or other written instrument between an insured and insurer setting forth the obligations and responsibilities of each party. See Virginia Code 52-36
• Insurance professional: means adjusters, agents, managing general agents, surplus lines brokers, reinsurance intermediaries, insurance consultants, brokers, and attorneys-in-fact. See Virginia Code 52-36
• insurance program: means the plan covered under the policy purchased by the Board which provides group life, accidental death, and dismemberment insurance coverage for employees. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Insured: means any person covered by an insurance policy. See Virginia Code 52-36
• Insurer: means any person subject to regulation pursuant to Virginia Code 52-36
• Intake specialist: means an individual who is trained in analyzing and screening cases to assist in determining whether a case is appropriate for referral to a dispute resolution proceeding. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Inter vivos: Transfer of property from one living person to another living person.
• Intercountry placement: means the arrangement for the care of a child in an adoptive home or foster care placement into or out of the Commonwealth by a licensed child-placing agency, court, or other entity authorized to make such placements in accordance with the laws of the foreign country under which it operates. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Interest: means all charges payable directly or indirectly by a borrower to a licensee as a condition to a loan, including fees, service charges, and renewal charges, and any ancillary product sold in connection with a loan, but does not include the monthly maintenance fees, deposit item return fees, or late charges authorized under § Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Internal Revenue Code: means the federal Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Interstate placement: means the arrangement for the care of a child in an adoptive home, foster care placement or in the home of the child's parent or with a relative or nonagency guardian, into or out of the Commonwealth, by a child-placing agency or court when the full legal right of the child's parent or nonagency guardian to plan for the child has been voluntarily terminated or limited or severed by the action of any court. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Intrinsic dangers of equine activities: means those dangers or conditions that are an integral part of equine activities, including: (i) the propensity of equines to behave in ways that may result in injury, harm, or death to persons on or around them; (ii) the unpredictability of an equine's reaction to such things as sounds, sudden movement, and unfamiliar objects, persons, or other animals; (iii) certain hazards such as surface and subsurface conditions; (iv) collisions with other animals or objects; and (v) the potential of a participant acting in a negligent manner that may contribute to injury to the participant or others, such as failing to maintain control over the equine or not acting within the participant's ability. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Issuers: means the Commonwealth, counties, cities and towns in the Commonwealth, and their agencies, institutions, and authorities. See Virginia Code 2.2-4701
• Job order contracting: means a method of procuring construction by establishing a book of unit prices and then obtaining a contractor to perform work as needed using the prices, quantities, and specifications in the book as the basis of its pricing. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.
• Jointly held property: means property held in the name of two or more persons under an arrangement in which all holders have concurrent interests and under which the last surviving holder is entitled to the whole of the property and includes, without limitation, property held as tenants by the entirety. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Judge: means a justice of the Supreme Court, judge of the Court of Appeals, judge of a circuit or district court, member of the State Corporation Commission, or a member of the Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission and includes (i) persons who have been elected or appointed to be judges but have not taken the oath of office as judge as well as persons who have taken such oath, (ii) judges designated under § Virginia Code 17.1-900
• Judge: means any justice or judge of a court of record of the Commonwealth, any member of the State Corporation Commission or Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission, any judge of a district court of the Commonwealth other than a substitute judge of such district court, and any executive secretary of the Supreme Court assuming such position between December 1, 1975, and January 31, 1976. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Keeper: means any person, as defined in § 1-230, who owns, has custody of, or is in control of a dangerous captive animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6594
• Kennel: means any establishment in which five or more canines, felines, or hybrids of either are kept for the purpose of breeding, hunting, training, renting, buying, boarding, selling, or showing. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Kinship guardian: means the adult relative of a child in a kinship guardianship established in accordance with § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Kinship guardianship: means a relationship established in accordance with § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Knowledge-based authentication assessment: means an identity assessment formulated from public or private data sources for which the principal has not provided a prior answer that meets the following requirements:

  1. See Virginia Code 47.1-2

• Lactation: means a condition that may result in the feeding of a child directly from the breast or the expressing of milk from the breast. See Virginia Code 2.2-3901
• Land bank entity: means any authority, planning district commission, corporation, or existing nonprofit entity established or designated by a locality to carry out the purposes of the Act. See Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• land zoned agricultural: means (1) land zoned as an agricultural district or classification or (2) land otherwise permitted by a locality for farm winery use. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Landfill: means an area permitted by the Department of Environmental Quality allowing the disposal of dead poultry. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• landing field: means any locality, whether over land or water, including airports and intermediate landing fields, which is used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of aircraft and open to the public for such use, whether or not facilities are provided for the sheltering, servicing, or repair of aircraft or for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• landowner: means the person or entity that has the usufruct, control, or occupation of the taxable real property as determined by the commissioner of the revenue of the jurisdiction in which the subject real property is located pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Law-enforcement agency: means a law-enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the search for a suspect in a case involving the death or serious injury of a law-enforcement officer or an agency employing a law-enforcement officer who is missing in the line of duty. See Virginia Code 52-34.7
• Law-enforcement officer: means any full-time or part-time employee of the Department of State Police or a police department or sheriff's office that is a part of or administered by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, and any campus police officer appointed under Article 3 (§ Virginia Code 52-34.7
• Law-enforcement officer: means any person who is a full-time or part-time employee of a police department or sheriff's office that is part of or administered by the Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof and who is responsible for the prevention and detection of crime and the enforcement of the penal, traffic or highway laws of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lead locality: means the locality in which the tourism improvement district plan is filed for the establishment of a tourism improvement district where such district includes more than one locality. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Lead locality: means the locality in which the business improvement and recruitment district plan is filed for the establishment of a business improvement and recruitment district where such district includes more than one locality. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Lease: means any lease containing an option to purchase the project or projects of the eligible business being financed for a nominal sum upon payment in full, or provision thereof, of all bonds issued in connection with the eligible business and all interest thereon and principal of and premium, if any, thereon and all other expenses in connection therewith. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Legacy: A gift of property made by will.
• Legal representative: means a personal representative or conservator. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Legal representative: means an individual's personal representative or conservator. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Legatee: A beneficiary of a decedent
• Legislative session: That part of a chamber's daily session in which it considers legislative business (bills, resolutions, and actions related thereto).
• Lender: means any federal- or state-chartered bank, federal land bank, production credit association, bank for cooperatives, federal- or state-chartered savings institution, building and loan association, small business investment company, or any other financial institution qualified within the Commonwealth to originate and service loans, including insurance companies, credit unions, investment banking or brokerage companies, and mortgage loan companies. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Lessee: means the person renting a box from a company. See Virginia Code 6.2-2300
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Licensed: means the holding of a valid license granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Licensed: means the holding of a valid license granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Licensee: means any person to whom a license has been granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Licensee: means any person to whom a license has been granted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Licensee: means a licensed milk distributor. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Licensee: means a consumer finance company to which a license has been issued by the Commission pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Licensee: means a mortgage lender or mortgage broker licensed by the Commission pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Licensee: means an individual licensed under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Licensee: means a person to whom a license has been issued under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Licensee: means a person licensed under this chapter to engage in the business of selling money orders or the business of money transmission, or both. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Licensee: means a person licensed under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Licensee: means a person to whom a license has been issued under this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600
• like unit: means the consolidation of (i) two or more counties into a consolidated county, (ii) two or more cities into a consolidated city or (iii) two or more towns into a consolidated town. See Virginia Code 15.2-3500
• Limited conservator: means a person appointed by the court who has only those responsibilities for managing the estate and financial affairs of an incapacitated person as specified in the order of appointment. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Limited guardian: means a person appointed by the court who has only those responsibilities for the personal affairs of an incapacitated person as specified in the order of appointment. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Lineal descendant: Direct descendant of the same ancestors.
• Livestock: includes all domestic or domesticated bovine animals; equine animals; ovine animals; porcine animals; cervidae animals; capradae animals; animals of the genus Lama or Vicugna; ratites; fish or shellfish in aquaculture facilities, as defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Livestock: includes all domestic or domesticated: bovine animals; equine animals; ovine animals; porcine animals; cervidae animals; capradae animals; animals of the genus Lama or Vicugna; ratites; fish or shellfish in aquaculture facilities, as defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Livestock auction market: means any place of business or establishment where, during the regular course of business, cattle, sheep, swine, or other livestock are offered or exposed for sale, or sold, by weight, or by head, at auction, for compensation or profit. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Livestock market: means a place where a person assembles livestock for public sale if such person is required to procure a license or permit from the Department to operate such market. See Virginia Code 3.2-6100
• Loan: means any lease, loan agreement, or sales contract defined as follows:

  1. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279

• Loan agreement: means an agreement providing for a loan of proceeds from the sale and issuance of bonds by the Authority or by a lender with which the Authority has contracted to loan such proceeds to one or more contracting parties to be used to pay the cost of one or more projects of an eligible business and providing for the repayment of such loan including all interest thereon, and principal of and premium, if any, thereon and all other expenses in connection therewith, by such contracting party or parties and which may provide for such loans to be secured or evidenced by one or more notes, debentures, bonds, or other secured or unsecured debt obligations of such contracting party or parties, delivered to the Authority or to a trustee under an indenture pursuant to which the bonds were issued. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Loan amount: means the principal amount of a loan, exclusive of fees or charges. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Loan processor or underwriter: means an individual who, with respect to the origination of a residential mortgage loan, performs clerical or support duties at the direction of and subject to the supervision and instruction of a licensee or a registered mortgage loan originator. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• loan servicer: means any person, wherever located, that:

  1. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600

• Local apportionment formula: means any formula submitted to the Attorney General by participating localities pursuant to the provisions of subsection B of § Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Local board: means the local board of social services representing one or more counties or cities. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Local department: means the local department of social services of any county or city in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Local director: means the director or his designated representative of the local department of the city or county. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• local district: means any transportation improvement district created under the provisions of § Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Local emergency: means the condition declared by the local governing body when in its judgment the threat or actual occurrence of an emergency or disaster is or threatens to be of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant coordinated local government action to prevent or alleviate the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering threatened or caused thereby, provided, however, that a local emergency arising wholly or substantially out of a resource shortage may be declared only by the Governor, upon petition of the local governing body, when he deems the threat or actual occurrence of such an emergency or disaster to be of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant coordinated local government action to prevent or alleviate the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering threatened or caused thereby, and provided, however, nothing in this chapter shall be construed as prohibiting a local governing body from the prudent management of its water supply to prevent or manage a water shortage. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• local governing body: means the board of supervisors of a county, council of a city, or council of a town, responsible for appropriating funds for such locality, as the context may require. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution or laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 5.1-30.1
• local government: shall be construed to mean a county, city, or town as the context may require. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision of the Commonwealth created by the General Assembly or otherwise created pursuant to the laws of the Commonwealth or any combination of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Local government: means any county, city, town, municipal corporation, authority, district, commission, or political subdivision created by the General Assembly or pursuant to the Constitution of Virginia or laws of the Commonwealth, or any combination of any two or more of the foregoing, located in any of the tobacco-dependent communities in the Southside and Southwest regions of Virginia. See Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Local planning commission: means a municipal planning commission or a county planning commission. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Local workforce development board: means a local workforce development board established under § 107 of the WIOA. See Virginia Code 2.2-2470
• Locality: means any county, city or town located within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• Locality: means any county, city, or town in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Locality: means any county, city, or town in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Low alcohol beverage cooler: means a drink containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume, but not more than seven and one-half percent alcohol by volume, and consisting of spirits mixed with nonalcoholic beverages or flavoring or coloring materials; it may also contain water, fruit juices, fruit adjuncts, sugar, carbon dioxide, preservatives or other similar products manufactured by fermenting fruit or fruit juices. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Main Street District: means a physical setting that includes a commercial area focusing on economic development through locally owned businesses and structures that would benefit from rehabilitation. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• Major disaster: means any natural catastrophe, including any: hurricane, tornado, storm, high water, wind-driven water, tidal wave, tsunami, earthquake, volcanic eruption, landslide, mudslide, snowstorm, or drought, or regardless of cause, any fire, flood, or explosion, in any part of the United States, which, in the determination of the President of the United States is, or thereafter determined to be, of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant major disaster assistance under the Stafford Act (P. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Major disaster: means any hurricane, flood, or drought that would warrant a disaster declaration request by the Governor pursuant to the provisions of Section 301 of Public Law 93-288, Virginia Code 3.2-500
• Major eligible employer: means an existing Virginia manufacturer or any other nonmanufacturing basic employer that makes a capital investment of at least $100 million and creates at least 1,000 jobs, or corporate headquarters and other basic employers that make a capital investment of at least $100 million and create at least 400 jobs paying at least twice the prevailing average wage for the area. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Majority share of benefited businesses: means one or more benefited businesses within a tourism improvement district or proposed tourism improvement district that cumulatively comprise a majority, based on the weighting methodology set forth in the tourism improvement district plan. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Majority share of benefited businesses: means one or more benefited businesses within a business improvement and recruitment district or proposed business improvement and recruitment district that cumulatively comprise a simple majority. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.12
• manufacture: means the production of marijuana products or the blending, infusing, compounding, or other preparation of marijuana and marijuana products, including marijuana extraction or preparation by means of chemical synthesis. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Manufacturer: means (i) a person who manufactures or otherwise produces, or causes to be manufactured or produced, cigarettes intended for sale in the Commonwealth, including cigarettes intended for sale in the United States through an importer; (ii) the first purchaser anywhere that intends to resell in the United States cigarettes that the original manufacturer or maker does not intend for sale in the United States; or (iii) the successor to a person listed in clause (i) or (ii). See Virginia Code 9.1-209
• Manufacturer: means a business firm owning or operating a manufacturing establishment as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual issued by the U. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Manufacturer: means any partnership, corporation, association, or other legal entity that produces chemicals, ingredients, product formulations, or products. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Marijuana: means any part of a plant of the genus Cannabis, whether growing or not, its seeds or resin; and every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative, mixture, or preparation of such plant, its seeds, its resin, or any extract containing one or more cannabinoids. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana concentrate: means marijuana that has undergone a process to concentrate one or more active cannabinoids, thereby increasing the product's potency. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana cultivation facility: means a facility licensed under this subtitle to cultivate, label, and package retail marijuana; to purchase or take possession of marijuana plants and seeds from other marijuana cultivation facilities; to transfer possession of and sell retail marijuana, immature marijuana plants, and marijuana seeds to marijuana wholesalers and retail marijuana stores; to transfer possession of and sell retail marijuana, marijuana plants, and marijuana seeds to other marijuana cultivation facilities; to transfer possession of and sell retail marijuana to marijuana manufacturing facilities; and to sell immature marijuana plants and marijuana seeds to consumers for the purpose of cultivating marijuana at home for personal use. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana establishment: means a marijuana cultivation facility, a marijuana testing facility, a marijuana manufacturing facility, a marijuana wholesaler, or a retail marijuana store. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana manufacturing facility: means a facility licensed under this subtitle to manufacture, label, and package retail marijuana and retail marijuana products; to purchase or take possession of retail marijuana from a marijuana cultivation facility or another marijuana manufacturing facility; and to transfer possession of and sell retail marijuana and retail marijuana products to marijuana wholesalers, retail marijuana stores, or other marijuana manufacturing facilities. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana products: means (i) products that are composed of marijuana and other ingredients and are intended for use or consumption, ointments, and tinctures or (ii) marijuana concentrate. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana testing facility: means a facility licensed under this subtitle to develop, research, or test marijuana, marijuana products, and other substances. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marijuana wholesaler: means a facility licensed under this subtitle to purchase or take possession of retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, immature marijuana plants, and marijuana seeds from a marijuana cultivation facility, a marijuana manufacturing facility, or another marijuana wholesaler and to transfer possession and sell or resell retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, immature marijuana plants, and marijuana seeds to a marijuana cultivation facility, marijuana manufacturing facility, retail marijuana store, or another marijuana wholesaler. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Marital deduction: The deduction(s) that can be taken in the determination of gift and estate tax liabilities because of the existence of a marriage or marital relationship.
• Market: means any locality, or two or more localities, and surrounding territory designated by the Commission as a marketing area. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Markup: The process by which congressional committees and subcommittees debate, amend, and rewrite proposed legislation.
• Master Plan: means the plan that identifies the long-term vision for the reuse of the Area of Operation, key implementation projects, and a detailed implementation strategy for attracting new uses and investment to the Area of Operation as approved by the Authority and produced in accordance with the public participation plan as adopted by the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Material: means all or any part of any archaeological, paleontological, biological, or historical item including, but not limited to, any petroglyph, pictograph, basketry, human remains, tool, beads, pottery, projectile point, remains of historical mining activity or any other occupation found in any cave. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Meals: means , for a mixed beverage license, an assortment of foods commonly ordered in bona fide, full-service restaurants as principal meals of the day. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
• Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.3:1
• Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
• Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.10
• Media: means print, radio, television, and Internet-based communication systems or other methods of communicating information to the public. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
• Mediation: means a process in which a neutral facilitates communication between the parties and, without deciding the issues or imposing a solution on the parties, enables them to understand and to reach a mutually agreeable resolution to their dispute. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Mediation: means a process in which a mediator facilitates communication between the parties and, without deciding the issues or imposing a solution on the parties, enables them to understand and to reach a mutually agreeable resolution to their dispute. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Mediation: means a process in which a neutral facilitates communication between the parties and without deciding the issues or imposing a solution on the parties enables them to understand and resolve their dispute. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• Mediation program: means a program through which mediators or mediation is made available and includes the director, agents and employees of the program. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Mediation program: means a program of a public body through which mediators or mediation is made available and includes the director, agents and employees of the program. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• Mediator: means an impartial third party selected by agreement of the parties to a controversy to assist them in mediation. See Virginia Code 8.01-581.21
• Mediator: means a neutral who is an impartial third party selected by agreement of the parties to a dispute to assist them in mediation. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• meetings: means the meetings including work sessions, when sitting physically, or through electronic communication means pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-3701
• MEI project: means a high-impact regional economic development project in which a private entity is expected to make a capital investment in real and tangible personal property exceeding $250 million and create more than 400 new full-time jobs, and is expected to have a substantial direct and indirect economic impact on surrounding communities. See Virginia Code 2.2-2260
• Member: means any person included in the membership of the retirement system as provided in this chapter. See Virginia Code 51.1-201
• Member: means any person included in the membership of the Retirement System as provided in this chapter. See Virginia Code 51.1-212
• Member: means a person who owns or controls a 10 percent or greater interest in a limited liability company. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Member: means a member of the Apple Board. See Virginia Code 3.2-1200
• Mental illness: means a disorder of thought, mood, emotion, perception, or orientation that significantly impairs judgment, behavior, capacity to recognize reality, or ability to address basic life necessities and requires care and treatment for the health, safety, or recovery of the individual or for the safety of others. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Mentally or physically impaired person: means a person who is a resident of Virginia that requires assistance with two or more activities of daily living during more than half the year. See Virginia Code 63.2-2200
• Middle school: means separate schools for early adolescents and the middle school grades that might be housed at elementary or high schools. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Military status: means status as (i) a member of the uniformed forces, as defined in Virginia Code 2.2-3901
• Milk: means the clean lacteal secretion obtained by the complete milking of one or more healthy cows properly fed, housed, and kept; including milk that is cooled, pasteurized, standardized, or otherwise processed with a view to selling. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Mine refuse impoundment: means a mine refuse pile that retains water that has been used in carrying out any part of the process necessary in the production or preparation of coal. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Mine refuse pile: means a pile of coarse or fine coal refuse that is a result of the mining or screening process that may be stacked, spread, or graded and covers 20 acre-feet or more. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Mineral: means ore, rock, and any other solid homogeneous crystalline chemical element or compound that results from the inorganic processes of nature other than coal. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Mining: means the breaking or disturbing of the surface soil or rock in order to facilitate or accomplish the extraction or removal of minerals or any activity constituting all or part of a process for the extraction or removal of minerals so as to make them suitable for commercial, industrial, or construction use. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Mining operation: means any area included in an approved plan of operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Minor: means an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Missing child: means any person who is under the age of 21 years, whose temporary or permanent residence is in Virginia, or is believed to be in Virginia, whose whereabouts are unknown to any parent, guardian, legal custodian or other person standing in loco parentis of the child, and who has been reported as missing to a law-enforcement agency within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 52-32
• Missing child report: means a report prepared in a format prescribed by the Superintendent for use by law-enforcement agencies to report missing child information to the Missing Children Information Clearinghouse. See Virginia Code 52-32
• Missing or endangered child: means a child (i) who is 17 years of age or younger or is currently enrolled in a secondary school in the Commonwealth, regardless of age; (ii) whose whereabouts are unknown; and (iii) whose disappearance is under suspicious circumstances or poses a credible threat as determined by law enforcement to the safety and health of the child and under such other circumstances as deemed appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.3:1
• Missing person with autism: means any person (i) whose whereabouts are unknown; (ii) who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder as defined in § Virginia Code 52-34.13
• Missing Person with Autism Alert: means the notice of a missing person with autism provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
• Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a person with autism will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
• Missing senior adult: means an adult whose whereabouts are unknown and who is over 60 years of age and suffers a cognitive impairment to the extent that he is unable to provide care to himself without assistance from a caregiver, including a diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease or dementia, and whose disappearance poses a credible threat as determined by a law-enforcement agency to the health and safety of the adult and under such other circumstances as deemed appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
• Mixed use development: means property that incorporates two or more different uses, and may include a variety of housing types, within a single development. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Mixer: means any prepackaged ingredients containing beverages or flavoring or coloring materials, and which may also contain water, fruit juices, fruit adjuncts, sugar, carbon dioxide, or preservatives which are not commonly consumed unless combined with alcoholic beverages, whether or not such ingredients contain alcohol. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• MLEC: means any city, county, or town certificated to provide local exchange and/or interexchange telecommunications services pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Monetary value: means a medium of exchange, whether or not redeemable in money. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Money: means a medium of exchange for the payment of obligations or a store of value authorized or adopted by a government or by intergovernmental agreement. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Money of the claim: means the money determined as proper pursuant to § Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Money order: means a check, traveler's check, draft, or other instrument for the transmission or payment of money or monetary value whether or not negotiable. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Money transmission: means receiving money or monetary value for transmission by wire, facsimile, electronic means or other means or selling or issuing stored value. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Money transmitter: means a person engaged in the business of money transmission. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Month: means a calendar month and "year" means a calendar year. See Virginia Code 1-223
• Mortgage broker: means any person who directly or indirectly negotiates, places or finds mortgage loans for others, or offers to negotiate, place or find mortgage loans for others. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgage lender: means any person who directly or indirectly originates or makes mortgage loans. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgage loan: means a loan made to an individual, the proceeds of which are to be used primarily for personal, family or household purposes, which loan is secured by a mortgage or deed of trust upon any interest in one- to four-family residential property located in the Commonwealth, regardless of where made, including the renewal or refinancing of any such loan, but excluding (i) loans to persons related to the lender by blood or marriage and (ii) loans to persons who are bona fide employees of the lender. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Mortgage loan originator: means an individual who (i) takes an application for or offers or negotiates the terms of a residential mortgage loan in which the dwelling is or will be located in the Commonwealth or (ii) represents to the public, through advertising or other means of communicating or providing information, including the use of business cards, stationery, brochures, signs, rate lists, or other promotional items, that such individual can or will perform any of the activities described in clause (i). See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Move: means to ship, offer for shipment, receive for transportation, carry, or otherwise transport, move, or allow to be moved, except for bona fide agricultural purposes including the management, tilling, planting, or harvesting of agricultural products. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Municipality: means any county or incorporated city or town in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Net weight: means the net weight of a commodity, that is, the weight of the commodity exclusive of any wrapper, and any other material or thing weighed or packed with such commodity, and excluding the vehicle or vessel containing the commodity. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Neutral: means an individual who is trained or experienced in conducting dispute resolution proceedings and in providing dispute resolution services. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Neutral: means an individual who is trained or experienced in conducting dispute resolution proceedings and in providing dispute resolution services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• New job: means employment of an indefinite duration at the eligible facility, created as the direct result of the capital investment, for which the standard fringe benefits are provided by the firm for the employee, requiring a minimum of either (i) 35 hours of an employee's time a week for the entire normal year of the firm's operations, which "normal year" shall consist of at least 48 weeks, or (ii) 1,680 hours per year. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• New owner: means an individual who is legally competent to enter into a binding agreement pursuant to subdivision B 2 of § Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• New residential development: means any construction or building expansion on residentially zoned property, including a residential component of a mixed-use development, that results in either one or more additional residential dwelling units or, otherwise, fewer residential dwelling units, beyond what may be permitted by right under the then-existing zoning of the property, when such new residential development requires a rezoning or proffer condition amendment. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• New residential use: means any use of residentially zoned property that requires a rezoning or that requires a proffer condition amendment to allow for new residential development. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• New structure: means a wireless support structure that has not been installed or constructed, or approved for installation or construction, at the time a wireless services provider or wireless infrastructure provider applies to a locality for any required zoning approval. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Non-college degree school: includes academic-vocational non-college degree schools and vocational non-college degree schools. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Noncredit workforce credential: means a competency-based, industry-recognized, portable, and third-party-validated certification or occupational license in a high-demand field. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Noncredit workforce training program: means a program at an eligible institution that leads to an occupation or a cluster of occupations in a high-demand field, which program may include the attainment of a noncredit workforce credential. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Nondegree credit: means any earned credits awarded for successful completion of the requirements of a course of study or instruction beyond the secondary school level that may be used toward completion of a certificate but may not be used to earn a degree. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Nonlegislative citizen member: means any natural person who is not a member of the General Assembly of Virginia. See Virginia Code 1-225
• Nonprofessional services: means any services not specifically identified as professional services in the definition of professional services. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Nonprofit private institution of higher education: means any postsecondary school, as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Nonsurviving brewery: means any brewery which is purchased by another brewery as provided in § Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Nonsurviving winery: means any winery which is purchased by another winery as provided in § Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Nontraditional mortgage product: means any mortgage product other than a 30-year fixed rate mortgage. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Normal retirement date: means a member's sixtieth birthday. See Virginia Code 51.1-201
• Normal retirement date: means a member's sixtieth birthday. See Virginia Code 51.1-212
• Normal retirement date: means a member's sixty-fifth birthday. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• notarization: means any official act performed by a notary under § Virginia Code 47.1-2
• notary: means any person commissioned to perform official acts under the title, and includes an electronic notary except where expressly provided otherwise. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Notary: means notary public. See Virginia Code 1-226
• Noxious weed: means any living plant, or part thereof, declared by the Board through regulations under this chapter to be detrimental to crops, surface waters, including lakes, or other desirable plants, livestock, land, or other property, or to be injurious to public health, the environment, or the economy, except when in-state production of such living plant, or part thereof, is commercially viable or such living plant is commercially propagated in Virginia. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Nuclear power station: means a facility producing electricity through the utilization of nuclear energy for sale to the public which is required to be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and includes all units of the facility at a single site. See Virginia Code 44-146.31
• Nuisance birds: means blackbirds, red-winged blackbirds, grackles, cowbirds, pigeons, and starlings, or any other species so declared by regulations of the Board when causing or about to cause economic losses in the Commonwealth; becoming detrimental to the public health and welfare; defacing or defiling public or private property or otherwise creating a public nuisance. See Virginia Code 3.2-900
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: shall include "affirmation. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Oath: includes affirmation. See Virginia Code 1-228
• offer to sell: includes every attempt to offer to dispose of or grant, and every solicitation of an offer to buy, a franchise or an interest in a franchise for value. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• offeror: means a person who has the capability, in all respects, to perform fully the contract requirements and the moral and business integrity and reliability that will assure good faith performance, and who has been prequalified, if required. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Office: means a location other than a licensee's principal place of business where (i) the licensee negotiates, places, finds, or makes Virginia mortgage loans; (ii) the licensee's name, advertising or promotional materials, or signage indicates that the licensee negotiates, places, finds, or makes Virginia mortgage loans from the location; or (iii) the licensee maintains books, accounts, or records of Virginia mortgage loans. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• officer: includes members of the judiciary. See Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• Official inspection: means an inspection by the Commissioner of a commercially used weight or measure pursuant to § Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Official misconduct: means any violation of this title by a notary, whether committed knowingly, willfully, recklessly or negligently. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Official responsibility: means administrative or operating authority, whether intermediate or final, to initiate, approve, disapprove or otherwise affect a procurement transaction, or any claim resulting therefrom. See Virginia Code 2.2-4368
• Offsite proffer: means a proffer addressing an impact outside the boundaries of the property to be developed and shall include all cash proffers. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• One-stop center: means a physical site where employment and career services are provided, either on site or electronically, and access to career services, training services, and other partner program services are available for employers, employees, and job seekers. See Virginia Code 2.2-2470
• Open-end credit: A credit agreement (typically a credit card) that allows a customer to borrow against a preapproved credit line when purchasing goods and services. The borrower is only billed for the amount that is actually borrowed plus any interest due. (Also called a charge account or revolving credit.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Open-space land: means any land which is provided or preserved for (i) park or recreational purposes, (ii) conservation of land or other natural resources, (iii) historic or scenic purposes, (iv) assisting in the shaping of the character, direction, and timing of community development, (v) wetlands as defined in § Virginia Code 10.1-1700
• Operator: means any person engaging in a coal surface mining operation whether or not such coal is sold within the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Operator: means any individual, corporation or corporation officer, firm, joint venture, partnership, business trust, association, or any other group or combination acting as a unit, or any legal entity that is engaged in mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Operator: means any person who operates, controls, or supervises a retaining dam or a mine refuse impoundment. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• Ordinance: means any law, rule, regulation, or ordinance adopted by the governing body of any locality. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Orientation session: means a preliminary meeting during which the dispute resolution proceeding is explained to the parties and the parties and the neutral assess the case and decide whether to continue with a dispute resolution proceeding or adjudication. See Virginia Code 8.01-576.4
• Orphaned lands: means lands disturbed by surface mining of minerals, other than coal operations, that were not required by law to be reclaimed or that have not been reclaimed. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Other minerals: means clay, stone, sand, gravel, metalliferous or nonmetalliferous ore, and any other solid material or substance of commercial value excavated in solid form from natural deposits on or in the earth, exclusive of coal and any mineral that occurs naturally in liquid or gaseous form. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Other officer: includes all other persons employed or elected by the people of Virginia, or by any locality, whose duty it is to preserve the peace, to make arrests, or to enforce the law. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Out-of-state: means formed, chartered, established, or incorporated outside of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Outlays: Outlays are payments made (generally through the issuance of checks or disbursement of cash) to liquidate obligations. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year.
• Outstanding: means :

  1. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900

• Overburden: means all of the earth and other materials that lie above a natural deposit of minerals, ores, rock, or other solid matter and also other materials after removal from their natural deposit in the process of mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means a person who owns title to land where a cave is located, including a person who owns title to a leasehold estate in such land, and including the Commonwealth and any of its agencies, departments, boards, bureaus, commissions, or authorities, as well as counties, municipalities, and other political subdivisions of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Owner: means any person who: (i) has a right of property in an animal; (ii) keeps or harbors an animal; (iii) has an animal in his care; or (iv) acts as a custodian of an animal. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Ox activity: means : (i) ox shows, fairs, competitions, rodeos, pulling, driving, performances, or parades; (ii) ox training or teaching activities; (iii) boarding oxen; (iv) riding, inspecting, or evaluating an ox belonging to another whether or not the owner has received some monetary consideration or other thing of value for the use of the ox or is permitting a prospective purchaser of the ox to ride, inspect, or evaluate the ox; and (v) rides, trips or other ox activities of any type however informal or impromptu that are sponsored by an ox activity sponsor. See Virginia Code 3.2-6300
• Ox activity sponsor: means any person or his agent who, for profit or not for profit, sponsors, organizes, or provides the facilities for an ox activity, including 4-H clubs, riding clubs, school-sponsored and college-sponsored classes and programs, therapeutic riding programs, and operators, instructors, and promoters of ox facilities, including stables, fairs, and arenas where the activity is held. See Virginia Code 3.2-6300
• Ox professional: means a person or his agent engaged for compensation in: (i) instructing a participant or renting to a participant an ox for the purpose of riding, driving, or being a passenger upon an ox; or (ii) renting equipment or tack to a participant. See Virginia Code 3.2-6300
• parents: means any parent, guardian, legal custodian, or other person having control or charge of a child. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Participant: means any person, whether amateur or professional, who engages in an equine activity, whether or not a fee is paid to participate in the equine activity. See Virginia Code 3.2-6200
• Participant: means any person, whether amateur or professional, who directly engages in an ox activity, whether or not a fee is paid to participate in the ox activity. See Virginia Code 3.2-6300
• Participant: means any person, other than an agritourism professional, who engages in an agritourism activity. See Virginia Code 3.2-6400
• Participating agencies: means the Departments of Health, of Education, of Medical Assistance Services, of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services, and of Social Services; the Departments for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing and for the Blind and Vision Impaired; and the Bureau of Insurance within the State Corporation Commission. See Virginia Code 2.2-5300
• Participating localities: means two or more localities that participate in a collaborative economic development plan. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Participating locality: means any county or independent city that agrees to be bound by the terms of a settlement agreement entered into by the Attorney General relating to claims regarding the manufacturing, marketing, distribution, or sale of opioids, and that releases its own such claims. See Virginia Code 2.2-2365
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Partnership: means the Virginia Economic Development Partnership. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Partnership: means the Virginia Economic Development Partnership. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Partnership: means the Virginia Economic Development Partnership Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Passport: means a document that may be used in lieu of a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection and shall contain animal identifiers and health maintenance history such as vaccinations and laboratory tests. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Past-due: means any account receivable for which payment has not been received by the payment due date. See Virginia Code 2.2-4801
• Payment date: means either (i) the date on which payment is due under the terms of a contract for provision of goods or services or (ii) if such date has not been established by contract, (a) 30 days after receipt of a proper invoice by the state agency or its agent or 45 days after receipt by the local government or its agent responsible under the contract for approval of such invoices for the amount of payment due or (b) 30 days after receipt of the goods or services by the state agency or 45 days after receipt by the local government, whichever is later. See Virginia Code 2.2-4347
• Payor: means a trustee, insurer, business entity, employer, government, governmental agency, subdivision, or instrumentality, or any other person authorized or obligated by law or a governing instrument to make payments. See Virginia Code 64.2-2200
• Pecuniary interest arising from the procurement: means a personal interest in a contract as defined in the State and Local Government Conflict of Interests Act (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4368
• Peer institutions: means those institutions determined by the Council, in consultation with a public institution of higher education, the Secretary of Education or his designee, the Director of the Department of Planning and Budget or his designee, and the Chairmen of the House Committee on Appropriations and the Senate Committee on Finance and Appropriations or their designees, to be most similar to such public institution of higher education and provide a fair comparison in determining appropriate and competitive faculty salaries for such public institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Per stirpes: The legal means by which the children of a decedent, upon the death of an ancestor at a level above that of the decedent, receive by right of representation the share of the ancestor
• Permit: means a document issued or authorized by the Commissioner to provide for movement of regulated articles to restricted destinations for limited handling, utilization, processing, or for scientific purposes. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Permit: means a permit issued by the Director pursuant to state regulations. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Permit area: means the area of land indicated on the approved map submitted by the operator with the operator's application. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Permittee: means a person holding any of the following permits issued by the Director: (i) a permit for coal surface mining pursuant to § Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Person: shall include individuals, a trust, an estate, a partnership, an association, an order, a corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity;

  6. See Virginia Code 8.01-2

• Person: means an individual, a corporation, government or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, joint venture, partnership, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, firm, association, trust, estate, public or private institution, group, agency, political subdivision or agency thereof, and any legal successor, representative, agent or agency of the foregoing. See Virginia Code 44-146.31
• Person: means any individual, corporation, government, political subdivision of the Commonwealth, or governmental subdivision or agency, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, two or more of any of the foregoing having a joint or common interest, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Person: means the term as defined in § 1-230. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Person: means the term as defined in § 1-230. See Virginia Code 3.2-900
• Person: means a natural person, corporation, partnership, trust, agency or other entity as well as the individual officers, directors or other persons in active control of the activities of each such entity. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Person: means a natural person, corporation, partnership, trust, agency, or other entity as well as the individual officers, directors or other persons in active control of the activities of each such entity. See Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Person: means any individual or entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Person: means any individual, partnership, firm, association, trust, or corporation or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, association, governmental body, municipal corporation, public service authority, or any other legal entity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, public corporation, government, governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, joint venture, association, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency or instrumentality, public corporation, or any other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Person: means any individual, corporation, partnership, association, cooperative, limited liability company, trust, joint venture, government, political subdivision, or other legal or commercial entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-100
• Person: means an individual, corporation, organization, or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Person: means any person who engages in the raising or keeping of poultry for profit in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Person: means any individual, partnership, association, joint venture, trust, company, firm, joint stock company, corporation, other group or combination acting as a unit, or other legal entity. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Person of school age: means a person who will have reached his fifth birthday on or before September 30 of the school year and who has not reached twenty years of age on or before August 1 of the school year. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Personal estate: includes chattels real and such other estate as, upon the death of the owner intestate, would devolve upon his personal representative. See Virginia Code 1-233
• Personal property: means all items of equipment, fixtures, and furnishings, including items affixed to real property. See Virginia Code 2.2-2260
• Personal representative: means an executor, administrator, or special administrator of a decedent's estate, a person legally authorized to perform substantially the same functions, or a successor to any of them. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Personal representative: includes the executor under a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 64.2-100
• Personal representative: means an executor, administrator, successor personal representative, or special administrator of a decedent's estate or a person legally authorized to perform substantially the same functions. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Personal representative: includes the executor of a will or the administrator of the estate of a decedent, the administrator of such estate with the will annexed, the administrator of such estate unadministered by a former representative, whether there is a will or not, any person who is under the order of a circuit court to take into his possession the estate of a decedent for administration, and every other curator of a decedent's estate, for or against whom suits may be brought for causes of action that accrued to or against the decedent. See Virginia Code 1-234
• personally knows: means familiarity with an individual resulting from interactions with that individual over a period of time sufficient to dispel any reasonable uncertainty that the individual has the identity claimed. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Pet shop: means a retail establishment where companion animals are bought, sold, exchanged, or offered for sale or exchange to the general public. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Petition: means the document filed with a circuit court to initiate a proceeding to appoint a guardian or conservator. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Place of business: means a building or portion thereof from which the goods or services authorized by the franchise are sold or offered for sale in person by the franchisee or employees or agents of the franchisee, or a truck or van used in the sale of such goods which is of a type designated by the franchisor and is equipped and marked in conformance with requirements of the franchisor. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Plaintiff: The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit.
• Plan: means the Commonwealth Savers Plan. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Planned introduction into the environment: means the intentional introduction or use in the Commonwealth beyond the de minimis level of a genetically engineered organism anywhere except within an indoor facility that is designed to physically contain the genetically engineered organism, including a laboratory, greenhouse, building, structure, growth chamber, or fermenter. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501
• plant life: means any member of the plant kingdom, including spores, leaves, stems, branches, flowers, seeds, roots, and other parts or products thereof. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Point-of-sale system: means an electronic cash register capable of recovering stored information related to the sale price of individual retail items. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Political subdivision: means any city or county in the Commonwealth and, for the purposes of this chapter, the Town of Chincoteague and any town of more than 5,000 population that chooses to have an emergency management program separate from that of the county in which such town is located. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Political subdivision: means any city or county in the Commonwealth, and for the purposes of this chapter, any town with a population of more than 5,000 which chooses to have an emergency management program separate from that of the county in which the town is located. See Virginia Code 44-146.34
• Political subdivision: means , when referring to an entity other than the Authority, a locality, authority, or other public body of the Commonwealth or of any state in which the Authority does business. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Pooled method: means securing public deposits by accepting the contingent liability for the losses of public deposits of other qualified public depositories choosing this method, pursuant to § Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Portable: means recognized by multiple employers or educational institutions and, where appropriate, across geographic areas. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Postsecondary school: includes programs of academic, vocational, and continuing professional education, except courses or programs of continuing professional education set forth in subdivision B 4 of § Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Poultry: includes all domestic fowl and game birds raised in captivity. See Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• Poultry: includes all domestic fowl and game birds raised in captivity. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Poultry: means all chickens, ducks, turkeys, or other domestic fowls being raised or kept on any premises in the Commonwealth for profit. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Pre-planning: means a process meant to obtain a more detailed definition and cost estimate of a project. See Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Precedent: A court decision in an earlier case with facts and law similar to a dispute currently before a court. Precedent will ordinarily govern the decision of a later similar case, unless a party can show that it was wrongly decided or that it differed in some significant way.
• Preferred lender: means a bank that is subject to continuing supervision and examination by state or federal chartering, licensing, or similar regulatory authority satisfactory to the Authority and that meets the eligibility requirements established by the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Preliminary subdivision plat: means the proposed schematic representation of development or subdivision that establishes how the provisions of §§ Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Premises: means the entire tract of land including the buildings thereon, owned, leased, or used by any person for the raising or keeping of poultry for profit. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Preopening obligations: means the franchisor's obligations to provide to the franchisee, prior to the opening of the franchisee's business, real estate, improvements, equipment, inventory, training, or other items to be included in the offering. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Prepaid tuition contract: means the contract or account entered into by the board and a purchaser pursuant to this chapter for the advance payment of tuition at a fixed, guaranteed level for a qualified beneficiary to attend any public institution of higher education to which the qualified beneficiary is admitted. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• President pro tempore: A constitutionally recognized officer of the Senate who presides over the chamber in the absence of the Vice President. The President Pro Tempore (or, "president for a time") is elected by the Senate and is, by custom, the Senator of the majority party with the longest record of continuous service.
• Pretrial conference: A meeting of the judge and lawyers to discuss which matters should be presented to the jury, to review evidence and witnesses, to set a timetable, and to discuss the settlement of the case.
• Prevailing Average Wage: means that amount determined by the Virginia Employment Commission to be the average wage paid workers in the city or county of the Commonwealth where the eligible company is located. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Previous systems: means the systems established under the provisions of Chapters 2 (§ 51-3 et seq. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Primary enclosure: means any structure used to immediately restrict an animal or animals to a limited amount of space, such as a room, pen, cage, compartment, or hutch. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Principal: means (i) a person whose signature is notarized or (ii) a person, other than a credible witness, taking an oath or affirmation from the notary. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls (i) 10 percent or more of the outstanding stock of a stock corporation or (ii) a 10 percent or greater interest in another person. See Virginia Code 6.2-1500
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls a 10 percent or greater interest in any entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls (i) 10 percent or more of the outstanding stock of a stock corporation or (ii) a 10 percent or greater interest in a nonstock corporation or a limited liability company. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls a 10 percent or greater interest in any form of entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls (i) 10 percent or more of the outstanding stock of a stock corporation or (ii) a 10 percent or greater interest in a person. See Virginia Code 6.2-2000
• Principal: means any person who, directly or indirectly, owns or controls (i) 10 percent or more of the outstanding stock of a stock corporation or (ii) a 10 percent or greater interest in any other type of entity. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600
• Principal place of business: means the single state in which the natural persons who establish policy for the direction, control, and coordination of the operations of the institution as a whole primarily exercise that function, considering the following factors: (i) the state in which the primary executive and administrative offices of the institution are located; (ii) the state in which the principal office of the chief executive officer of the institution is located; (iii) the state in which the board of trustees or similar governing board of the institution conducts a majority of its meetings; and (iv) the state from which the overall operations of the institution are directed. See Virginia Code 23.1-628
• Principal stockholder: means any person who individually or in concert with his spouse and immediate family members beneficially owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent or more of the equity ownership of any person that is a licensee of the Authority, or who in concert with his spouse and immediate family members has the power to vote or cause the vote of five percent or more of any such equity ownership. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Private animal shelter: means a facility operated for the purpose of finding permanent adoptive homes for animals that is used to house or contain animals and that is owned or operated by an incorporated, nonprofit, and nongovernmental entity, including a humane society, animal welfare organization, society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, or any other similar organization. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Private club: means an organization, whether incorporated or not, that (i) is the owner, lessee, or occupant of a building or portion thereof used exclusively for club purposes, including club or member sponsored events; (ii) is operated solely for recreational, fraternal, social, patriotic, political, benevolent, or athletic purposes, and only sells alcoholic beverages incidental to its operation; (iii) has established bylaws, a constitution, or both that govern its activities; and (iv) the affairs and management of which are conducted by a board of directors, executive committee, or similar body chosen by the members at an annual meeting. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Private institution of higher education: includes each nonprofit private institution of higher education and proprietary private institution of higher education in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Private work place: means any office or work area that is not open to the public in the normal course of business except by individual invitation. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Pro se: A Latin term meaning "on one's own behalf"; in courts, it refers to persons who present their own cases without lawyers.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Processor: means any person who changes the physical form or characteristic of corn for the purpose of preparing it for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• Procurement transaction: means all functions that pertain to the obtaining of any goods, services or construction, including description of requirements, selection and solicitation of sources, preparation and award of contract, and all phases of contract administration. See Virginia Code 2.2-4368
• Producer: means any person, regardless of whether they are also a distributor, who produces milk for sale as fluid milk in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Producer: means any person who, in a calendar year, grows or causes to be grown within the Commonwealth, for sale, a minimum of 5,000 tree run bushels of apples. See Virginia Code 3.2-1200
• Producer: means any person engaged in the business of raising cattle. See Virginia Code 3.2-1300
• Producer: means any person who grew corn in the Commonwealth and sold corn during the preceding three years. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• Producer: means any person who grows, harvests, and sells cotton in Virginia. See Virginia Code 3.2-1500
• Productivity: means the number of hours of labor required to produce a unit of goods. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Professional business entity: means any entity as defined in § Virginia Code 13.1-543
• Professional business entity: means any entity as defined in § Virginia Code 13.1-1102
• Professional corporation: means a corporation whose articles of incorporation set forth a sole and specific purpose permitted by this chapter and that is either (i) organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional service other than that of architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, or landscape architects, or using a title other than that of certified interior designers and, except as expressly otherwise permitted by this chapter, that has as its shareholders or members only individuals or professional business entities that are duly licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render the same professional service as the corporation, including the trustees of an eligible employee stock ownership plan or (ii) organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering the professional services of architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, or landscape architects, or using the title of certified interior designers, or any combination thereof, and at least two-thirds of whose shares are held by persons duly licensed within the Commonwealth to perform the services of an architect, professional engineer, land surveyor, or landscape architect, including the trustees of an eligible employee stock ownership plan, or by persons legally authorized within the Commonwealth to use the title of certified interior designer; or (iii) organized under this chapter or under Chapter 10 of Virginia Code 13.1-543
• Professional limited liability company: means a limited liability company whose articles of organization set forth a sole and specific purpose permitted by this chapter and that is either (i) organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional service other than that of architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, or landscape architects, or using a title other than that of certified interior designers and, except as expressly otherwise permitted by this chapter, that has as its members only individuals or professional business entities that are duly licensed or otherwise legally authorized to render the same professional service as the professional limited liability company or (ii) organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering professional service of architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, or landscape architects or using the title of certified interior designers, or any combination thereof, and at least two-thirds of whose membership interests are held by persons duly licensed within the Commonwealth to perform the services of an architect, professional engineer, land surveyor, or landscape architect, or by persons legally authorized within the Commonwealth to use the title of certified interior designer; or (iii) organized under this chapter for the sole and specific purpose of rendering the professional services of one or more practitioners of the healing arts, licensed under the provisions of Chapter 29 of Virginia Code 13.1-1102
• Professional service: means any type of personal service to the public that requires as a condition precedent to the rendering of such service or use of such title the obtaining of a license, certification, or other legal authorization and shall be limited to the personal services rendered by pharmacists, optometrists, physical therapists and physical therapist assistants, practitioners of the healing arts, advanced practice registered nurses, practitioners of the behavioral science professions, veterinarians, surgeons, dentists, architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, landscape architects, certified interior designers, public accountants, certified public accountants, attorneys-at-law, insurance consultants, and audiologists or speech pathologists. See Virginia Code 13.1-543
• Professional services: means any type of personal service to the public that requires as a condition precedent to the rendering of that service or the use of that title the obtaining of a license, certification, or other legal authorization and shall be limited to the personal services rendered by pharmacists, optometrists, physical therapists and physical therapist assistants, practitioners of the healing arts, advanced practice registered nurses, practitioners of the behavioral science professions, veterinarians, surgeons, dentists, architects, professional engineers, land surveyors, landscape architects, certified interior designers, public accountants, certified public accountants, attorneys at law, insurance consultants, and audiologists or speech pathologists. See Virginia Code 13.1-1102
• Professional services: means work performed by an independent contractor within the scope of the practice of accounting, actuarial services, architecture, land surveying, landscape architecture, law, dentistry, medicine, optometry, pharmacy or professional engineering. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Proffer condition amendment: means an amendment to an existing proffer statement applicable to a property or properties. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Program: means the procedures and Amber Agreements to aid in the identification and location of abducted children. See Virginia Code 52-34.1
• Program: means the procedures and Codi Agreements to aid in the identification and location of missing or endangered children. See Virginia Code 52-34.3:1
• Program: means the procedures and Senior Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a missing senior adult. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
• Program: means the procedures and Missing Person with Autism Alert Agreements to aid in the identification and location of a missing person with autism. See Virginia Code 52-34.13
• Program: means the Virginia Cannabis Equity Business Loan Program established in § Virginia Code 4.1-1500
• Program: means a curriculum or course of study in a discipline or interdisciplinary area that leads to a degree or certificate. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Program: means the Two-Year College Transfer Grant Program. See Virginia Code 23.1-622
• Program: means the New Economy Workforce Credential Grant Program. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Program: means the Tuition Assistance Grant Program. See Virginia Code 23.1-628
• Programmatic Agreement: means that certain agreement, as it may be amended from time to time, entered into among the U. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Project: means all or any part of an airport as defined in § Virginia Code 5.1-30.1
• Project: means all or any part of the following activities necessary or desirable for the restoration and redevelopment of a brownfield site: (i) environmental or cultural resource site assessments, (ii) monitoring, remediation, cleanup, or containment of property to remove hazardous substances, hazardous wastes, solid wastes or petroleum, (iii) the lawful and necessary removal of human remains, the appropriate treatment of grave sites, and the appropriate and necessary treatment of significant archaeological resources, or the stabilization or restoration of structures listed on or eligible for the Virginia Historic Landmarks Register, (iv) demolition and removal of existing structures, or other site work necessary to make a site or certain real property usable for economic development, and (v) development of a remediation and reuse plan. See Virginia Code 10.1-1230
• Project: means the construction, improvement, furnishing, maintenance, acquisition or operation of any facility that will further the purposes of the Authority, together with all property, rights, easements and interests which may be acquired by the Authority. See Virginia Code 10.1-1600
• Project: means a capital outlay project included in the six-year capital outlay plan described in § Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Project: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-3112
• Project: means any public improvement, property or undertaking for which the locality is authorized by law to appropriate money, except for current expenses, and specific undertakings from which the locality may derive revenues (sometimes called "revenue-producing undertakings") including, without limitation, water, sewer, sewage disposal, and garbage and refuse collection and disposal systems and facilities as defined in § Virginia Code 15.2-2602
• Project: means (i) the installation or construction by a wireless services provider or wireless infrastructure provider of a new structure or (ii) the co-location on any existing structure of a wireless facility that is not a small cell facility. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Project: means the construction, improvement, furnishing, maintenance, acquisition or operation of any facility or the provision for or funding of any activity that will further the purposes described in § Virginia Code 2.2-2201
• Project: means any structure, facility, personal property or undertaking that the Authority is authorized to finance, refinance, construct, improve, furnish, equip, maintain, acquire, or operate under the provisions of this article. See Virginia Code 2.2-2260
• Project: means any specific enterprise undertaken by the Authority, including the facilities as defined in this article, and all other property, real or personal, or any interest therein, necessary or appropriate for the operation of such property. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Proper purpose: includes the sharing or dissemination of data or information among and between agencies in order to (i) streamline administrative processes to improve the efficiency and efficacy of services, access to services, eligibility determinations for services, and service delivery; (ii) reduce paperwork and administrative burdens on applicants for and recipients of public services; (iii) improve the efficiency and efficacy of the management of public programs; (iv) prevent fraud and improve auditing capabilities; (v) conduct outcomes-related research; (vi) develop quantifiable data to aid in policy development and decision making to promote the most efficient and effective use of resources; and (vii) perform data analytics regarding any of the purposes set forth in this definition. See Virginia Code 2.2-3801
• Properly cleaned: means that carcasses, debris, food waste, and excrement are removed from the primary enclosure with sufficient frequency to minimize the animals' contact with the above-mentioned contaminants; the primary enclosure is sanitized with sufficient frequency to minimize odors and the hazards of disease; and the primary enclosure is cleaned so as to prevent the animals confined therein from being directly or indirectly sprayed with the stream of water, or directly or indirectly exposed to hazardous chemicals or disinfectants. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Property: includes any real and personal property and any right or interest therein. See Virginia Code 64.2-2500
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Proposed species: means any candidate species authorized by the Board for consideration for listing as threatened or endangered under the provisions of this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Proprietary: means privately owned, privately managed, and corporately structured as a for-profit entity. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Proprietary private institution of higher education: means any postsecondary school, as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 23.1-100
• proprietor: includes corporations, associations, or partnerships as well as individuals. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Public aircraft: includes any fighter or attack jet that is leased or owned by a private entity, provided that the aircraft operations are conducted exclusively for the purpose of military combat training in service to the federal government. See Virginia Code 5.1-1
• Public animal shelter: means a facility operated by the Commonwealth, or any locality, for the purpose of impounding or sheltering seized, stray, homeless, abandoned, unwanted, or surrendered animals or a facility operated for the same purpose under a contract with any locality. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Public assistance: means Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF); auxiliary grants to the aged, blind, and disabled; medical assistance; energy assistance; food stamps; employment services; child care; and general relief. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Public assistance and social services programs: means those programs specified in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Public body: means any entity defined in § Virginia Code 10.1-1009
• Public body: means any state agency having authority to acquire land for a public use, or any county or municipality, any park authority, any public recreational facilities authority, any soil and water conservation district, any community development authority formed pursuant to Article 6 (§ Virginia Code 10.1-1700
• Public body: means any legislative body, authority, board, bureau, commission, district, or agency of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision of the Commonwealth, including counties, cities, and towns, municipal councils, governing bodies of counties, school boards, and planning commissions; governing boards of public institutions of higher education; and other organizations, corporations, or agencies in the Commonwealth supported wholly or principally by public funds. See Virginia Code 2.2-3701
• Public body: includes any committee, subcommittee, or other entity however designated, of the public body or formed to advise the public body, including those with private sector or citizen members and corporations organized by the Virginia Retirement System. See Virginia Code 2.2-4115
• Public body: includes any committee, subcommittee, or other entity however designated of the public body or formed to advise the public body, including those with private sector or citizen members and corporations organized by the Virginia Retirement System. See Virginia Code 2.2-5514
• Public body: means any legislative, executive or judicial body, agency, office, department, authority, post, commission, committee, institution, board or political subdivision created by law to exercise some sovereign power or to perform some governmental duty, and empowered by law to undertake the activities described in this chapter. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Public body: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• Public contract: means an agreement between a public body and a nongovernmental source that is enforceable in a court of law. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Public corporation: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any political subdivision thereof or any incorporated municipality therein or any public agency of the Commonwealth or of any political subdivision thereof or of any municipality therein. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
• Public deposit: means moneys held by a public depositor who is charged with the duty to receive or administer such moneys and is acting in an official capacity, such moneys being deposited in any of the following types of accounts: nonnegotiable time deposits, demand deposits, savings deposits, or any other transaction accounts. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Public depositor: means the Commonwealth or any county, city, town or other political subdivision thereof, including any commission, institution, committee, board, or officer of the foregoing and any state court. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Public employee: means any person employed by a public body, including elected officials or appointed members of governing bodies. See Virginia Code 2.2-4368
• Public facilities: means (i) airports, landing fields, and air navigation facilities; (ii) educational facilities; (iii) flood control, bank and shore protection, watershed protection, and dams; (iv) hospital facilities; (v) judicial and court facilities; (vi) correctional facilities, including jails and penitentiaries; (vii) library facilities; (viii) military installations; (ix) parks so designated by the Commonwealth or by the locality in its comprehensive plan; (x) properties of historical significance so designated by the Commonwealth; (xi) law enforcement, fire, emergency medical, and rescue facilities; (xii) sanitary sewer, water or stormwater facilities; (xiii) transportation facilities including highways, roads, streets, and bridges, traffic signals, related easements and rights-of-way, mass transit, ports, and any components of federal, state, or local transportation facilities; (xiv) waste management facilities for hazardous, radioactive, or other waste; (xv) office facilities occupied by a public corporation; and (xvi) such other facilities that are necessary to the construction, maintenance, or operation of a public facility as listed in clauses (i) through (xv) and directly related thereto. See Virginia Code 1-219.1
• Public facilities: means public transportation facilities, public safety facilities, public school facilities, or public parks. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Public facility improvement: means an offsite public transportation facility improvement, a public safety facility improvement, a public school facility improvement, or an improvement to or construction of a public park. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Public institution of higher education: includes the System as a whole and each associate-degree-granting and baccalaureate public institution of higher education in the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• public park: shall include playgrounds and other recreational facilities. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Public place: means any place, building, or conveyance to which the public has, or is permitted to have, access, including restaurants, soda fountains, hotel dining areas, lobbies and corridors of hotels, and any park, place of public resort or amusement, highway, street, lane, or sidewalk adjoining any highway, street, or lane. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Public records: means all writings and recordings that consist of letters, words, or numbers, or their equivalent, set down by handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostatting, photography, magnetic impulse, optical or magneto-optical form, mechanical or electronic recording, or other form of data compilation, however stored, and regardless of physical form or characteristics, prepared or owned by, or in the possession of a public body or its officers, employees, or agents in the transaction of public business. See Virginia Code 2.2-3701
• Public safety facility improvement: means construction of new law-enforcement, fire, emergency medical, and rescue facilities or expansion of existing public safety facilities, to include all buildings, structures, parking, and other costs directly related thereto. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Public school facility improvement: means construction of new primary and secondary public schools or expansion of existing primary and secondary public schools, to include all buildings, structures, parking, and other costs directly related thereto. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Public transportation facility improvement: means (i) construction of new roads; (ii) improvement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required by applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the applicable standards of a locality; and (iii) construction, improvement, or expansion of buildings, structures, parking, and other facilities directly related to transit. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• public uses: means the mining, production, or marketing of coal for the purpose of providing and furnishing heat or power to the people of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 45.2-608
• Public weighing: means the weighing for any person, upon request, of property, produce, commodities, or articles other than those that the weigher or his employer, or any, is either buying or selling. See Virginia Code 3.2-5800
• Purchase: includes , but is not limited to, the sale of stock, sale of assets, merger, lease, transfer or consolidation. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Purchase: includes , but is not limited to, the sale of stock, sale of assets, merger, lease, transfer or consolidation. See Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Purchaser: means a person who makes or is obligated to make advance payments in accordance with a prepaid tuition contract and who is listed as the owner of the prepaid tuition contract. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Qualified education loan: includes a loan made to refinance a qualified education loan. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600
• Qualified education loan: means any qualified education loan obtained specifically to finance education or other school-related expenses. See Virginia Code 23.1-231
• Qualified education loan borrower: means (i) any current resident of the Commonwealth who has received or agreed to pay a qualified education loan or (ii) any person who shares responsibility with such resident for repaying the qualified education loan. See Virginia Code 23.1-231
• Qualified energy project: means a solar-powered or wind-powered electricity generation facility located in the Commonwealth on premises owned or leased by an eligible customer-generator, as defined in § 56-594, the electricity generated from which is sold exclusively to the eligible customer-generator under a power purchase agreement used to provide third party financing of the costs of such a renewable generation facility (third party power purchase agreement) pursuant to a pilot program established under Chapter 382 of the Acts of Assembly of 2013. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Qualified escrow agent: means the State Treasurer or any bank or trust company approved by the Treasury Board to hold collateral pledged to secure public deposits. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Qualified individual: means a trained professional or licensed clinician who is not an employee of the local board of social services or licensed child-placing agency that placed the child in a qualified residential treatment program and is not affiliated with any placement setting in which children are placed by such local board of social services or licensed child-placing agency. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Qualified pollution control project: means environmental pollution control and prevention equipment certified by the business enterprise or eligible business as being needed to comply with the federal Clean Air Act (Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Qualified public depository: means any national banking association, federal savings and loan association or federal savings bank located in Virginia, any bank, trust company or savings institution organized under Virginia law, or any state bank or savings institution organized under the laws of another state located in Virginia authorized by the Treasury Board to hold public deposits according to this chapter. See Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Qualified residential treatment program: means a program that (i) provides 24-hour residential placement services for children in foster care; (ii) has adopted a trauma-informed treatment model that meets the clinical and other needs of children with serious emotional or behavioral disorders, including any clinical or other needs identified through assessments conducted pursuant to clause (viii) of this definition; (iii) employs registered or licensed nursing and other clinical staff who provide care, on site and within the scope of their practice, and are available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week; (iv) conducts outreach with the child's family members, including efforts to maintain connections between the child and his siblings and other family; documents and maintains records of such outreach efforts; and maintains contact information for any known biological family and fictive kin of the child; (v) whenever appropriate and in the best interest of the child, facilitates participation by family members in the child's treatment program before and after discharge and documents the manner in which such participation is facilitated; (vi) provides discharge planning and family-based aftercare support for at least six months after discharge; (vii) is licensed in accordance with Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Qualifying child: means a dependent child less than eighteen years of age, or if eighteen years of age or older a dependent child enrolled in high school. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Quality control and quality assurance program: means laboratory procedures implemented to ensure that operator bias, systematic and nonsystematic methodological errors, and equipment-related problems do not affect the results of the testing, and the testing repeatability remains within the required repeatability value for any test trial used to certify cigarettes under this chapter. See Virginia Code 9.1-209
• Quarantine: means a legal declaration by the Board that specifies: (i) the noxious weed; (ii) the articles to be regulated; (iii) conditions governing movement; and (iv) exemptions. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Raising or keeping of poultry for profit: means the raising or keeping of 500 or more poultry at one time for the purpose of sale of such poultry or the eggs produced therefrom. See Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Rate of exchange: means the rate at which money of one country may be converted into money of another country in a free financial market convenient to or reasonably usable by a person obligated to pay or to state a rate of conversion. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Real estate brokerage activities: means any activity that involves offering or providing real estate brokerage services to the public, including (i) acting as a real estate broker, real estate agent, or real estate salesperson for a buyer, seller, lessor, or lessee of real property; (ii) bringing together parties interested in the sale, purchase, lease, rental, or exchange of real property; (iii) negotiating any portion of a contract relating to the sale, purchase, lease, rental, or exchange of real property, other than in connection with providing financing with respect to any such transaction; (iv) engaging in any activity for which a person is required to be licensed or registered as a real estate broker, real estate agent, or real estate salesperson; and (v) offering to engage in any activity or act in any capacity described in clauses (i) through (iv). See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Real property: means lands, structures, and any and all easements and every estate and right therein, legal and equitable, including terms for years and liens by way of judgment, mortgage, or otherwise, and any and all fixtures and improvements located thereon. See Virginia Code 15.2-7500
• Real property: means all lands, including improvements and fixtures thereon, and property of any nature appurtenant thereto, or used in connection therewith, and every estate, interest, and right, legal or equitable, therein, including terms for years and liens by way of judgment, mortgage, or otherwise and the indebtedness secured by such liens. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Receiving area: means one or more areas identified by an ordinance and designated by the comprehensive plan as an area authorized to receive development rights transferred from a sending area. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Receiving property: means a lot or parcel within a receiving area and within which development rights are increased pursuant to a transfer of development rights affixed to the property. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• Reclamation: means the restoration or conversion of disturbed land to a stable condition that minimizes or prevents adverse disruption and the injurious effects of such disruption and presents an opportunity for further productive use if such use is reasonable. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Record of notarial acts: means a device for creating and preserving a chronological record of notarizations performed by a notary. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Refund anticipation loan: means a loan, whether provided through a facilitator or by another entity such as a financial institution, in anticipation of, and whose payment is secured by, a customer's federal or state income tax refund or by both. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Refund anticipation loan fee: means any fee, charge, or other consideration imposed by a lender or a facilitator for a refund anticipation loan. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Refund anticipation loan fee schedule: means a list or table of refund anticipation loan fees that (i) includes three or more representative refund anticipation loan amounts; (ii) lists separately each fee or charge imposed, as well as a total of all fees imposed, related to the making of a refund anticipation loan; and (iii) includes, for each representative loan amount, the estimated annual percentage rate calculated under the guidelines established by the federal Truth in Lending Act (Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Refuse: means all waste soil, rock, mineral tailings, slimes, and other material directly connected with the mine or with the cleaning and preparation of substances mined, including all waste material deposited in the permit area from other sources. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Refuse: means waste material resulting from a mineral mining operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
• Region: means one or more planning districts or otherwise defined areas designated as a region by the Board for the purpose of administering grants provided pursuant to this article. See Virginia Code 2.2-2484
• Regional activity: means an economic or workforce development-focused collaborative project or program that is (i) endorsed by a regional council, (ii) consistent with the economic growth and diversification plan developed by the regional council, and (iii) carried out, performed on behalf of, or contracted for by two or more localities, political subdivisions, or public bodies corporate and politic within a region. See Virginia Code 2.2-2484
• Regional council: means a public body certified by the Board as eligible to receive grants pursuant to this article and that is supported by or affiliated with an existing or newly established organization that engages in collaborative planning or execution of economic or workforce development activities within a region. See Virginia Code 2.2-2484
• Regional public body: means a unit of government organized as provided by law within defined boundaries, as determined by the General Assembly, which unit includes two or more localities. See Virginia Code 2.2-3701
• Registered handler: means any person who has registered with the Tax Commissioner to receive monthly return forms and report the egg tax. See Virginia Code 3.2-1600
• Registered mortgage loan originator: means any individual who (i) takes an application for or offers or negotiates the terms of a residential mortgage loan in which the dwelling is or will be located in the Commonwealth, (ii) is an employee of a covered financial institution, and (iii) is registered with, and maintains a unique identifier through, the Registry. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Registrar: means the Registrar of Regulations employed as provided in § Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• Registrar: means the Registrar of Regulations employed as provided in § Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Registry: means the mortgage licensing and registration system developed and maintained by the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Registry: means a mortgage licensing system developed and maintained by the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators for the licensing and registration of mortgage loan originators. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Registry: means the licensing and registration system operated by the State Regulatory Registry LLC. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Registry: means the nationwide multistate licensing system and registry created by the Conference of State Bank Supervisors and the American Association of Residential Mortgage Regulators. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600
• Regulated article: means any article of any character as described in this chapter or in the quarantine carrying or capable of carrying a noxious weed against which this chapter or the quarantine is directed. See Virginia Code 3.2-800
• Regulated introduction: means a planned introduction into the environment for which the Coordinated Framework requires that the person proposing to commence the introduction into the environment do one or more of the following:

  1. See Virginia Code 2.2-5501

• regulation: means any statement of general application, having the force of law, affecting the rights or conduct of any person, promulgated by an agency in accordance with the authority conferred on it by applicable basic laws. See Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• regulation: means any statement of general application, having the force of law, affecting the rights or conduct of any person, adopted by an agency in accordance with the authority conferred on it by applicable basic laws. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Rejection tag: means a tag applied to a weight or measure that fails to pass an official inspection, the application of which tag requires the removal of the weight or measure from service if the weight or measure is not adjusted to conform to requirements specified by the Weights and Measures Act of Virginia (§ Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Releasing agency: means (i) a public animal shelter or (ii) a private animal shelter, humane society, animal welfare organization, society for the prevention of cruelty to animals, or other similar entity or home-based rescue that releases companion animals for adoption. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Religion: includes any outward expression of religious faith, including adherence to religious dressing and grooming practices and the carrying or display of religious items or symbols. See Virginia Code 2.2-3901
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Remote location: means a location, other than a licensee's principal place of business or office, at which the employees or exclusive agents of a licensee may conduct business if the requirements set forth in subsection F of § Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Remote online notarization: means an electronic notarization under this chapter where the signer is not in the physical presence of the notary. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Rendering: means treating dead poultry according to the process described in Virginia Code 3.2-6024
• Repeatability: means the range of values within which the repeat results of cigarette test trials from a single laboratory will fall 95 percent of the time. See Virginia Code 9.1-209
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Research and development service: means a business firm owning or operating an establishment engaged in conducting research and experimental development that supports manufacturing in the physical, engineering and life sciences as defined in the North American Industry Classification System Manual issued by the United States Census Bureau. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Research facility: means any place, laboratory, or institution licensed by the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Residence: means any building or part of a building or structure where a person resides, but does not include any part of a building that is not actually and exclusively used as a private residence, nor any part of a hotel or club other than a private guest room thereof. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Residence: means any building or part of a building or structure where a person resides, but does not include any part of a building that is not actually and exclusively used as a private residence, nor any part of a hotel or club other than a private guest room thereof. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Resident curator: means a person, firm, or corporation that leases or otherwise contracts to manage, preserve, maintain, operate, or reside in a historic property in accordance with the provisions of § Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Residential mortgage loan: means any loan primarily for personal, family, or household use that is secured by a mortgage, deed of trust, or other equivalent consensual security interest on a dwelling or residential real estate upon which is constructed or intended to be constructed a dwelling. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• Residential property: means improved real property used or occupied, or intended to be used or occupied, for residential purposes. See Virginia Code 6.2-1600
• Residentially zoned property: means property zoned or proposed to be zoned for either single-family or multifamily housing. See Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Resort complex: means a facility (i) with a hotel owning year-round sports and recreational facilities located contiguously on the same property; (ii) owned by a nonstock, nonprofit, taxable corporation with voluntary membership which, as its primary function, makes available golf, ski, and other recreational facilities both to its members and to the general public; or (iii) operated by a corporation that operates as a management company which, as its primary function, makes available (a) vacation accommodations, guest rooms, or dwelling units and (b) golf, ski, and other recreational facilities to members of the managed entities and the general public. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Resource shortage: means the absence, unavailability, or reduced supply of any raw or processed natural resource or any commodities, goods, or services of any kind that bear a substantial relationship to the health, safety, welfare, and economic well-being of the citizens of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• Respondent: means an allegedly incapacitated person for whom a petition for guardianship or conservatorship has been filed. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• Responsible ownership: means the ownership and humane care of a hybrid canine in such a manner as to comply with all laws and ordinances regarding hybrid canines and prevent endangerment by the animal to public health and safety. See Virginia Code 3.2-6581
• Responsive bidder: means a person who has submitted a bid that conforms in all material respects to the Invitation to Bid. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Restaurant: means , for a wine and beer license or a limited mixed beverage restaurant license, any establishment provided with special space and accommodation, where, in consideration of payment, meals or other foods prepared on the premises are regularly sold. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Restaurant: means any place where food is prepared for service to the public on or off the premises, or any place where food is served. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Retail marijuana: means marijuana that is cultivated, manufactured, or sold by a licensed marijuana establishment. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Retail marijuana products: means marijuana products that are manufactured and sold by a licensed marijuana establishment. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Retail marijuana store: means a facility licensed under this subtitle to purchase or take possession of retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, immature marijuana plants, or marijuana seeds from a marijuana cultivation facility, marijuana manufacturing facility, or marijuana wholesaler and to sell retail marijuana, retail marijuana products, immature marijuana plants, or marijuana seeds to consumers. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Retaining dam: means an artificial barrier or obstruction that is designed to impound water, coal slurry, or silt (i) to an elevation of five feet or more above the upstream toe of the structure and has a storage volume of 20 acre-feet or more or (ii) to an elevation of 20 feet or more measured at the open channel spillway or from the crest of the dam in a closed system, regardless of storage volume. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Retirement system: means the State Police Officers' Retirement System. See Virginia Code 51.1-201
• Retirement System: means the Virginia Law Officers' Retirement System. See Virginia Code 51.1-212
• Retirement system: means the Judicial Retirement System. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Retirement System: means the Virginia Retirement System. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• Reuse Plan: means the document created by the Fort Monroe Federal Area Development Authority and adopted as an official operating document on August 20, 2008, as it may be amended from time to time. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Revenues: means any or all fees, tolls, taxes, rents, notes, receipts, assessments, moneys, and income derived by the local district and includes any cash contributions or payments made to the local district by the Commonwealth or any agency, department, or political subdivision thereof or by any other source. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Revenues: means any and all fees, rates, rentals, profits, and receipts collected by, payable to, or otherwise derived by, the Authority, and all other moneys and income of whatsoever kind or character collected by, payable to, or otherwise derived by, the Authority in connection with loans to any eligible business in furtherance of the purposes of this article. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• Reverse auctioning: means a procurement method wherein bidders are invited to bid on specified goods or nonprofessional services through real-time electronic bidding, with the award being made to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Revocable trust: A trust agreement that can be canceled, rescinded, revoked, or repealed by the grantor (person who establishes the trust).
• Right of rescission: Right to cancel, within three business days, a contract that uses the home of a person as collateral, except in the case of a first mortgage loan. There is no fee to the borrower, who receives a full refund of all fees paid. The right of rescission is guaranteed by the Truth in Lending Act (TILA). ^{Source: OCC}
• Right of survivorship: The ownership rights that result in the acquisition of title to property by reason of having survived other co-owners.
• River: means a flowing body of water, or a section or portion thereof. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• Road improvement: includes construction of new roads or improvement or expansion of existing roads and related appurtenances as required by applicable standards of the Virginia Department of Transportation, or the applicable standards of a locality with road maintenance responsibilities, to meet increased demand attributable to new development. See Virginia Code 15.2-2318
• safe deposit box: means any safe or box that is available for rent within the vaults of a company. See Virginia Code 6.2-2300
• Safety restraint system: means a properly installed seatbelt, lap and shoulder restraint or other restraint approved by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration or any successor governmental agency. See Virginia Code 51.1-500
• sale: includes barter and exchange. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Sales contract: means a contract providing for the sale of one or more projects of an eligible business to one or more contracting parties and includes a contract providing for payment of the purchase price including all interest thereon, and principal of and premium, if any, thereon and all other expenses in connection therewith, in one or more installments. See Virginia Code 2.2-2279
• sales territory: means the area of primary sales responsibility within the Commonwealth expressly or implicitly designated by any agreement between any wine wholesaler and winery for the brand or brands of any winery. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• sales territory: means the area of sales responsibility within the Commonwealth expressly or impliedly designated by any agreement between any beer wholesaler and brewery for the brand or brands of any brewer. See Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Sangria: means a drink consisting of red or white wine mixed with some combination of sweeteners, fruit, fruit juice, soda, or soda water that may also be mixed with brandy, triple sec, or other similar spirits. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Sanitary regulations: include all laws and ordinances relating to the production, handling, transportation, distribution, and sale of milk and, so far as applicable, regulations adopted by the Board or the health authorities. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Satisfactory evidence of identity: means identification of an individual based on (i) examination of one or more of the following unexpired documents bearing a photographic image of the individual's face and signature: a United States Passport Book, a United States Passport Card, a certificate of United States citizenship, a certificate of naturalization, a foreign passport, an alien registration card with photograph, a state issued driver's license or a state issued identification card or a United States military card or (ii) the oath or affirmation of one credible witness unaffected by the document or transaction who is personally known to the notary and who personally knows the individual or of two credible witnesses unaffected by the document or transaction who each personally knows the individual and shows to the notary documentary identification as described in clause (i). See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Savings trust account: means an ABLE savings trust account or a college savings trust account. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Savings trust agreement: means the agreement entered into by the board and a contributor that establishes a savings trust account. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Scenic river: means a river or section or portion of a river that has been designated a "scenic river" by an act of the General Assembly and that possesses superior natural and scenic beauty, fish and wildlife, and historic, recreational, geologic, cultural, and other assets. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• School board: means the school board that governs a school division. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Science-based reading research: means research that (i) applies rigorous, systematic, and objective observational or experimental procedures to obtain valid knowledge relevant to reading development, reading instruction, and reading and writing difficulties and (ii) explains how proficient reading and writing develop, why some children have difficulties developing key literacy skills, and how schools can best assess and instruct early literacy, including the use of evidence-based literacy instruction practices to promote reading and writing achievement. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Seal: means a device for affixing on a paper document an image containing the notary's name and other information related to the notary's commission. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Sealer: means an inspector of weights and measures of a city, a county, or a joint city-county jurisdiction. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Secretary: means the Secretary of the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• Secretary: means the Secretary of Commerce and Trade. See Virginia Code 2.2-5100
• Secretary: means the Secretary of Commerce and Trade. See Virginia Code 2.2-5105
• Secretary: means the U. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• Securitization transaction: means a transaction relating to the issuance or transfer by a special purpose entity of beneficial interests or undivided interests, which entitle their holders to receive payments or other distributions that depend primarily on the cash flow from assets, including financial assets and other credit exposures, in which that special purpose entity has rights or the power to transfer rights. See Virginia Code 6.2-2400
• Security: includes any share of stock, bond, debenture, note or other security issued by a corporation and registered as to ownership on the books of the corporation. See Virginia Code 13.1-434
• Seedsman: means any person who offers corn seeds for sale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1400
• sell: includes every contract or agreement of sale or grant of, contract to sell, or disposition of a franchise or interest in a franchise for value. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• sell: includes soliciting or receiving an order for; keeping, offering or exposing for sale; peddling, exchanging or bartering; or delivering otherwise than gratuitously, by any means, alcoholic beverages. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• sell: includes soliciting or receiving an order for; keeping, offering, or exposing for sale; peddling, exchanging, or bartering; or delivering otherwise than gratuitously, by any means, retail marijuana or retail marijuana products. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Sending area: means one or more areas identified by an ordinance and designated by the comprehensive plan as an area from which development rights are authorized to be severed and transferred to a receiving area. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Sending property: means a lot or parcel within a sending area from which development rights are authorized to be severed. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Senior alert: means the notice of a missing senior adult provided to the public by the media or other methods under a Senior Alert Agreement. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
• Senior Alert Agreement: means a voluntary agreement between law-enforcement officials and members of the media whereby a senior adult will be declared missing, and the public will be notified by media outlets, and includes all other incidental conditions of the partnership as found appropriate by the Virginia State Police. See Virginia Code 52-34.4
• senior citizen: means any individual who, before the beginning of any academic term, semester, or quarter in which he claims entitlement to the benefits of this article, has reached the age of 60 and has been legally domiciled in the Commonwealth for at least one year. See Virginia Code 23.1-639
• Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Service: means service as a judge. See Virginia Code 51.1-301
• Service agency: means : (i) a business; or (ii) that portion of a government or political subdivision engaged in the adjustment, installation, placing in service, recommending for use, reconditioning, repairing, servicing, or selling of any weight or measure commercially used or employed (a) in establishing the size, quantity, extent, area, or measurement of quantities, things, products, or articles for distribution or consumption, purchased, offered, or submitted for sale, hire, or award, or (b) in computing any basic charge or payment for services rendered on the basis of something's weight or its measure. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Service area: means the geographical area within the jurisdiction of a community action agency or a community action statewide organization. See Virginia Code 2.2-5400
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Service technician: means any individual who for hire, award, commission, or any other payment of any kind, adjusts, installs, places in service, recommends for use, reconditions, repairs, services, or sells a commercial weight or measure. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Services: means any work performed by an independent contractor wherein the service rendered does not consist primarily of acquisition of equipment or materials, or the rental of equipment, materials and supplies. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Servicing: means :

  1. See Virginia Code 6.2-2600

• Servicing: means (i) receiving any scheduled periodic payments from a qualified education loan borrower pursuant to the terms of a qualified education loan; (ii) applying the payments of principal and interest and such other payments, with respect to the amounts received from a qualified education loan borrower, as may be required pursuant to the terms of a qualified education loan; and (iii) performing other administrative services with respect to a qualified education loan. See Virginia Code 23.1-231
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• Severance of development rights: means the process by which development rights from a sending property are severed pursuant to this act. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• sexual orientation: when used in reference to discrimination in the Code and acts of the General Assembly, means a person's actual or perceived heterosexuality, bisexuality, or homosexuality. See Virginia Code 2.2-3901
• Sheriff: shall include deputy sheriffs and such other persons designated in § Virginia Code 8.01-2
• Short-term loan: means a loan made pursuant to this chapter. See Virginia Code 6.2-1800
• Sibling: means each of two or more children having one or more parents in common. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Silt: means fine particles resulting from a mineral mining operation, suspended in or deposited by water. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
• Silt: means fine particles resulting from a mining operation, suspended in or deposited by water. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• single-service devices: means any devices designed to be used commercially once and then discarded. See Virginia Code 3.2-5609
• Sinkhole: means a closed topographic depression or basin, generally draining underground, including, but not restricted to, a doline, uvala, blind valley, or sink. See Virginia Code 10.1-1000
• Site: means a location in the Commonwealth where a postsecondary school (i) offers at least one course on an established schedule and (ii) enrolls at least two individuals who are not members of the same household, regardless of the presence or absence of administrative capability at such location. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Site plan: means the proposal for a development or a subdivision including all covenants, grants or easements and other conditions relating to use, location and bulk of buildings, density of development, common open space, public facilities and such other information as required by the subdivision ordinance to which the proposed development or subdivision is subject. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Slayer: means any person (i) who is convicted of the murder or voluntary manslaughter of the decedent or, (ii) in the absence of such conviction, who is determined, whether before or after his death, by a court of appropriate jurisdiction by a preponderance of the evidence to have committed one of the offenses listed in clause (i) resulting in the death of the decedent. See Virginia Code 64.2-2500
• Small area comprehensive plan: means that portion of a comprehensive plan adopted pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-2303.4
• Small cell facility: means a wireless facility that meets both of the following qualifications: (i) each antenna is located inside an enclosure of no more than six cubic feet in volume, or, in the case of an antenna that has exposed elements, the antenna and all of its exposed elements could fit within an imaginary enclosure of no more than six cubic feet and (ii) all other wireless equipment associated with the facility has a cumulative volume of no more than 28 cubic feet, or such higher limit as is established by the Federal Communications Commission. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• smoking: means the carrying or holding of any lighted pipe, cigar, or cigarette of any kind, or any other lighted smoking equipment, or the lighting, inhaling, or exhaling of smoke from a pipe, cigar, or cigarette of any kind. See Virginia Code 15.2-2820
• Social services: means foster care, adoption, adoption assistance, child-protective services, domestic violence services, or any other services program implemented in accordance with regulations adopted by the Board. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Solar facilities: means commercial solar photovoltaic (electric energy) generation facilities. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.6
• Solar project: means the solar facilities, subject to this chapter, that are within the project site. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.6
• Sore: means , when referring to an equine, that an irritating or blistering agent has been applied, internally or externally, by a person to any limb or foot of an equine; any burn, cut, or laceration that has been inflicted by a person to any limb or foot of an equine; any tack, nail, screw, or chemical agent that has been injected by a person into or used by a person on any limb or foot of an equine; any other substance or device that has been used by a person on any limb or foot of an equine; or a person has engaged in a practice involving an equine, and as a result of such application, infliction, injection, use, or practice, such equine suffers, or can reasonably be expected to suffer, physical pain or distress, inflammation, or lameness when walking, trotting, or otherwise moving, except that such term does not include such an application, infliction, injection, use, or practice in connection with the therapeutic treatment of an equine by or under the supervision of a licensed veterinarian. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Special agent: means an employee of the Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority whom the Board has designated as a law-enforcement officer pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Special exception: means a special use that is a use not permitted in a particular district except by a special use permit granted under the provisions of this chapter and any zoning ordinances adopted herewith. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Special order: means an order imposing an administrative sanction issued to any party licensed pursuant to this title by the Commissioner that has a stated duration of not more than 12 months. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Species: includes any species or variety of plant life or insects. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Spirits: means any beverage that contains alcohol obtained by distillation mixed with drinkable water and other substances, in solution, and includes, among other things, brandy, rum, whiskey, and gin, or any one or more of the last four named ingredients, but shall not include any such liquors completely denatured in accordance with formulas approved by the United States government. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Spoil: means any overburden or other material removed from its natural state in the process of mining. See Virginia Code 45.2-1200
• Spot rate: means the rate of exchange at which foreign money is sold by a bank or other dealer in foreign exchange for immediate or next day availability or for settlement by immediate payment in cash or equivalent, by charge to an account, or by an agreed delayed settlement not exceeding two days. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• Standard: means a required basis for conformance, adjustment, or verification. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Standard process project: means any project other than an administrative review-eligible project. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• State: includes any state, territory, or possession of the United States. See Virginia Code 47.1-2
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or a territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 8.01-465.14
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 10.1-1238
• State: means a state, territory, or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• State: includes any state of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession subject to the legislative authority of the United States. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• state: means the Commonwealth of Virginia or any of its agencies or departments. See Virginia Code 2.2-2200
• State agency: means any authority, board, department, instrumentality, institution, agency, or other unit of state government. See Virginia Code 2.2-4347
• State agency and institution: means any authority, board, department, instrumentality, agency or other unit in any branch of state government. See Virginia Code 2.2-4801
• State Board: means the Board of Education. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• State Board: means the State Board for Community Colleges. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• State filer: means those officers and employees required to file a disclosure statement of their personal interests pursuant to subsection A or B of § Virginia Code 2.2-3101
• State Memorandum of Understanding: means an agreement between the Authority, the Secretary of Administration, the State Historic Preservation Officer, and the Governor, on behalf of all state agencies, to protect Fort Monroe and its historic, cultural, and natural assets by carefully implementing the plans, stipulations, requirements, and obligations under the Programmatic Agreement for nonfederal lands following the transfer of properties from the United States Army to the Commonwealth. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• State of emergency: means the condition declared by the Governor when in his judgment the threat or actual occurrence of an emergency or a disaster in any part of the Commonwealth is of sufficient severity and magnitude to warrant disaster assistance by the Commonwealth to supplement the efforts and available resources of the several localities and relief organizations in preventing or alleviating the damage, loss, hardship, or suffering threatened or caused thereby and is so declared by him. See Virginia Code 44-146.16
• State public body: means any authority, board, department, instrumentality, agency, or other unit of state government. See Virginia Code 2.2-4379
• State regulations: means the permanent state regulatory program established by this chapter meeting the requirements of the federal act for the regulation of coal surface mining and reclamation operations within the Commonwealth, submitted to the Secretary pursuant to § 503 of the federal act. See Virginia Code 45.2-1000
• State Veterinarian: means the veterinarian employed by the Commissioner as provided in § Virginia Code 3.2-5900
• State-Funded Kinship Guardianship Assistance program: means a program that provides payments to eligible individuals who have received custody of a relative child subject to a kinship guardianship assistance agreement developed in accordance with § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• STEM: means science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• sterilization: means a surgical or chemical procedure performed by a licensed veterinarian that renders a dog or cat permanently incapable of reproducing. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Stored value: means monetary value that is evidenced by an electronic record. See Virginia Code 6.2-1900
• Street: means highway, street, avenue, boulevard, road, lane, alley, or any public way. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Student: means a full-time or part-time undergraduate, graduate, or professional student attending a public institution of higher education and enrolled in a degree program. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Student: means a medical student, dental student, intern, resident, or undergraduate student who is entitled to reduced rate tuition charges pursuant to Chapter 5 (§ Virginia Code 23.1-617
• student enrollment: means the number of full-time equivalent students. See Virginia Code 23.1-300
• Subcontractor: means any entity that has a contract to supply labor or materials to the contractor to whom the contract was awarded or to any subcontractor in the performance of the work provided for in such contract. See Virginia Code 2.2-4347
• Subfranchisor: means a person who is authorized by a franchisor to grant a franchise within a particular geographic region. See Virginia Code 13.1-559
• Subordinate: means (i) one or more but less than a quorum of the members of a board constituting an agency, (ii) one or more of its staff members or employees, or (iii) any other person or persons designated by the agency to act in its behalf. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Subsidiary: means any person that a distributor or an affiliate of a distributor has, or several distributors collectively have, either directly or indirectly, actual or legal control, whether by stock ownership or in any other manner. See Virginia Code 3.2-3200
• Substantial financial support: means any amount of financial support received by a student that qualifies him to be listed as a dependent on federal and state income tax returns. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Superintendent: means the Superintendent of Public Instruction. See Virginia Code 22.1-1
• Supervised independent living setting: means the residence of a person 18 years of age or older who is participating in the Fostering Futures program set forth in Article 2 (§ Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Surviving brewery: means a brewery which purchases a nonsurviving brewery as provided in § Virginia Code 4.1-500
• Surviving spouse: means the spouse of a military service member who, while serving as an active duty member in the Armed Forces of the United States, Reserves of the Armed Forces of the United States, or Virginia National Guard, during military operations against terrorism, on a peacekeeping mission, or as a result of a terrorist act, or in any armed conflict, was killed in action, became missing in action, or became a prisoner of war. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Surviving winery: means the winery which purchases a nonsurviving winery as provided in § Virginia Code 4.1-401
• sworn: means "affirm" or "affirmed. See Virginia Code 1-250
• System: means the Virginia Community College System. See Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Take: means , in reference to plants and insects, to collect, pick, cut, or dig up for the purpose of resale. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• TANF: means the program administered by the Department through which a relative can receive monthly cash assistance for the support of his eligible children. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• TANF-UP: means the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families program for families in which both natural or adoptive parents of a child reside in the home and neither parent is exempt from Virginia Initiative for Education and Work (VIEW) participation under § Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Tax return: means a return, declaration, statement, refund claim, or other document required to be made or filed in connection with state or federal income taxes. See Virginia Code 6.2-2500
• Teachout plan: means a written agreement between or among postsecondary schools that provides for the equitable treatment of students if one party to the agreement ceases to offer an educational program before all students enrolled in that program complete the program. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Term: means (i) the period of time between either election or appointment of service as a judge and the first taking of the oath of office, (ii) each period of time for which the person was either elected or appointed as a judge, and (iii) any period of time after retirement during which the person hears cases as a retired judge. See Virginia Code 17.1-900
• test: means the research and analysis of marijuana, marijuana products, or other substances for contaminants, safety, or potency. See Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Testate: To die leaving a will.
• Testator: A male person who leaves a will at death.
• Tetrahydrocannabinol: means the same as that term is defined in § Virginia Code 4.1-600
• Third-party-validated: means having an external process in place for determining validity and relevance in the workplace and for continuous alignment of demonstrated knowledge and skills with industry workforce needs. See Virginia Code 23.1-627.1
• Threatened species: means any species determined by the Board to be likely to become an endangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its native range. See Virginia Code 3.2-1000
• Tier-city: means an incorporated community within a consolidated county that (i) has within defined boundaries a population of 5,000 or more, (ii) has been designated as a tier-city by the General Assembly, and (iii) has both the powers of a town and such additional powers as may be granted tier-cities by the General Assembly. See Virginia Code 1-252
• Title IV-E Foster Care: means a federal program authorized under §§ 472 and 473 of the Social Security Act, as amended, and administered by the Department through which foster care is provided on behalf of qualifying children. See Virginia Code 63.2-100
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Tourism improvement district: means a district established by a locality under the provisions of this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Tourism improvement district plan: means a proposal for a tourism improvement district under the provisions of this article. See Virginia Code 15.2-2413.1
• Town: means any existing town or an incorporated community within one or more counties which became a town before noon, July one, nineteen hundred seventy-one, as provided by law or which has within defined boundaries a population of 1,000 or more and which has become a town as provided by law. See Virginia Code 15.2-102
• Town: means any town having a population of more than 1,000. See Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Traceability: means an accounting of the relationship of the calibration of a weight or measure standard or calibrating equipment to a national standard maintained or adopted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology of the U. See Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• Transfer: means a transaction that creates custodial property under § Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Transfer agent: includes any person employed or authorized to transfer securities issued by a corporation, including a registrar. See Virginia Code 13.1-434
• Transfer of development rights: means the process by which development rights from a sending property are affixed to one or more receiving properties. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Transferable development rights: means all or that portion of development rights that are transferred or are transferable. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.1
• Transferor: means a person who creates a custodial trust by transfer or declaration. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Transferor: means a person who makes a transfer under this chapter. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Transition plan: means the plan that is required as part of the IEP used to help students and families prepare for the future after the student reaches the age of majority. See Virginia Code 64.2-2000
• transportation: means any movement of property by any mode and any packing, loading, unloading, or storage incidental thereto. See Virginia Code 44-146.34
• Transportation improvements: means any and all real or personal property utilized in constructing and improving (i) any mass transportation project and (ii) any primary highway or portion thereof, located within any district created pursuant to § Virginia Code 15.2-4602
• Treasurer: includes the treasurer and his assistants of each county or city or other officer designated by law to collect taxes in such county or city. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Treasury Board: means the Treasury Board of the Commonwealth created by § Virginia Code 2.2-4401
• Tree run bushel: means a container, with a content of not less than 2,140 cubic inches or more than 2,500 cubic inches, of apples that have not yet been graded or sized. See Virginia Code 3.2-1200
• Trust: means (i) an express trust, charitable or noncharitable, with additions thereto, whenever and however created; and (ii) a trust created pursuant to a statute, judgment, or decree, that requires the trust to be administered in the manner of an express trust. See Virginia Code 64.2-2600
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trust company: means a financial institution, corporation, or other legal entity authorized to exercise general trust powers. See Virginia Code 64.2-900
• Trust company: means a financial institution, corporation, or other legal entity authorized to exercise general trust powers. See Virginia Code 64.2-1900
• Trustee: means a trustee under a probated will or an inter vivos trust instrument. See Virginia Code 64.2-100
• Trustees: means the members of the Board of Trustees of the Authority. See Virginia Code 2.2-2337
• Truth in Lending Act: The Truth in Lending Act is a federal law that requires lenders to provide standardized information so that borrowers can compare loan terms. In general, lenders must provide information on ^{Source: OCC}
• Tuition: means the quarter, semester, or term charges imposed for undergraduate tuition by any public institution of higher education and all mandatory fees required as a condition of enrollment of all students. See Virginia Code 23.1-700
• Unemancipated minor: means a minor student who has not been emancipated pursuant to Article 15 (§ Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• Uniformly mass-produced devices: includes any devices made by means of a mold or die, and not susceptible to individual adjustment. See Virginia Code 3.2-5609
• Unique identifier: means a number or other identifier assigned by protocols established by the Registry that permanently identifies a mortgage loan originator. See Virginia Code 6.2-1700
• University: means any baccalaureate institution of higher education. See Virginia Code 23.1-213
• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Utility pole: means a structure owned, operated, or owned and operated by a public utility, local government, or the Commonwealth that is designed specifically for and used to carry lines, cables, or wires for communications, cable television, or electricity. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• utility services: means and includes electric, water, sewer, and telecommunications, internet and cable television services, including all other services that might be lawfully rendered by use of its fiber optic system. See Virginia Code 15.2-7202
• Validation body: means an organization that seeks to facilitate development, validation, and regulatory acceptance of new and revised regulatory test methods that reduce, refine, or replace the use of animals in testing, such as the Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods or other similar organizations. See Virginia Code 3.2-6591
• Value engineering: means a systematic process of review and analysis of a project by a team of appropriate professionals licensed in accordance with Chapter 4 of Title 54. See Virginia Code 2.2-1515
• Variance: means , in the application of a zoning ordinance, a reasonable deviation from those provisions regulating the shape, size, or area of a lot or parcel of land or the size, height, area, bulk, or location of a building or structure when the strict application of the ordinance would unreasonably restrict the utilization of the property, and such need for a variance would not be shared generally by other properties, and provided such variance is not contrary to the purpose of the ordinance. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Vehicle: means any device in, upon, or by which any property, produce, commodity, or article is or may be transported or drawn. See Virginia Code 3.2-5800
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Veteran: means an individual who has served on active duty in the Armed Forces of the United States and who was discharged or released from such service under conditions other than dishonorable. See Virginia Code 23.1-500
• Veterinary treatment: means treatment by or on the order of a duly licensed veterinarian. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
• Virginia Administrative Code: means the codified publication of regulations under the provisions of Chapter 15 of Title 30. See Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• Virginia Register of Regulations: means the publication issued under the provisions of Article 6 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4101
• Virginia Register of Regulations: means the publication issued under the provisions of Article 6 (§ Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Virginia Regulatory Town Hall: means the website operated by the Department of Planning and Budget, which has online public comment forums and displays information about regulatory actions under consideration in the Commonwealth and sends this information to registered public users. See Virginia Code 2.2-4001
• Virginia Scenic Rivers System: means those rivers or sections of rivers designated as a scenic river by an act of the General Assembly. See Virginia Code 10.1-400
• Virginia student: means any student who has established domicile in the Commonwealth pursuant to § Virginia Code 23.1-100
• Voter: means a qualified voter as defined in § Virginia Code 15.2-102
• voting security: means a security that (i) confers upon the holder the right to vote for the election of members of the board of directors or similar governing body of the business or (ii) is convertible into, or entitles the holder to receive, upon its exercise, a security that confers such a right to vote. See Virginia Code 2.2-4301
• Water: means water used in a mining operation. See Virginia Code 45.2-1300
• Water: means liquid or slurry resulting from the processing of coal in mining operations. See Virginia Code 45.2-617
• Weaned: means that an animal is capable of and physiologically accustomed to ingestion of solid food or food customary for the adult of the species and has ingested such food, without nursing, for a period of at least five days. See Virginia Code 3.2-6500
• Weighmaster: means the person responsible for weighing livestock that will be offered for sale, based on his weight determination. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Weight: means the net weight when used in connection with this chapter. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Weight or measure: means the terms as defined in § Virginia Code 3.2-5700
• Weights and measures: means all weights and measures of every kind, including instruments and devices for weighing and measuring, and any appliances and accessories associated with any or all such instruments and devices. See Virginia Code 3.2-5600
• Wildlife: means any native or exotic wild animal or bird. See Virginia Code 3.2-6035
• Wine: includes any wine to which wine spirits have been added, as provided in the Internal Revenue Code, to make products commonly known as "fortified wine" which do not exceed an alcohol content of 21 percent by volume. See Virginia Code 4.1-100
• Wine wholesaler: means any wholesale wine licensee offering wine for sale or resale to retailers or other wine wholesalers without regard to whether the business of the person is conducted under the terms of an agreement with a licensed winery. See Virginia Code 4.1-401
• Winery: means every person, including any authorized representative of such person pursuant to § Virginia Code 4.1-401
• WIOA: means the federal Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act of 2014 (P. See Virginia Code 2.2-2470
• Wireless facility: means equipment at a fixed location that enables wireless communications between user equipment and a communications network, including (i) equipment associated with wireless services, such as private, broadcast, and public safety services, as well as unlicensed wireless services and fixed wireless services, such as microwave backhaul, and (ii) radio transceivers, antennas, coaxial, or fiber-optic cable, regular and backup power supplies, and comparable equipment, regardless of technological configuration. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Wireless infrastructure provider: means any person that builds or installs transmission equipment, wireless facilities, or wireless support structures, but that is not a wireless services provider. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Wireless services: means (i) "personal wireless services" as defined in Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Wireless services provider: means a provider of wireless services. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• Wireless support structure: means a freestanding structure, such as a monopole, tower, either guyed or self-supporting, or suitable existing structure or alternative structure designed to support or capable of supporting wireless facilities. See Virginia Code 15.2-2316.3
• work of art: means all paintings, mural decorations, stained glass, statues, bas-reliefs, tablets, sculptures, monuments, fountains, arches or other structure of a permanent character intended for ornament or commemoration. See Virginia Code 2.2-2401
• Workforce development program: means a publicly funded education, training, and support services program designed and administered to prepare and enable participants to enter into and advance in careers. See Virginia Code 2.2-2036
• Working waterfront: means an area or structure on, over, or adjacent to navigable waters that provides access to the water and is used for water-dependent commercial, industrial, or governmental activities, including commercial and recreational fishing; tourism; aquaculture; boat and ship building, repair, and services; seafood processing and sales; transportation; shipping; marine construction; and military activities. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Working waterfront development area: means an area containing one or more working waterfronts having economic, cultural, or historic public value of such significance as to warrant development and reparation. See Virginia Code 15.2-2201
• Writ of certiorari: An order issued by the Supreme Court directing the lower court to transmit records for a case for which it will hear on appeal.