Terms Used In California Codes > Elections Code > Division 18 > Chapter 4 - Election Campaigns

• Acquisition: means the acquisition of a fee interest or any other interest in real property including easements, leases and development rights. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Action: includes a civil action and a special proceeding of a civil nature. See California Code of Civil Procedure 2016.020
• Action: means an action for partition under this title. See California Code of Civil Procedure 872.010
• Administrative director: means the Administrative Director of the Division of Workers' Compensation. See California Labor Code 110
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affirmative actions: means any activity for the purpose of eliminating discrimination in housing accommodations because of race, color, religion, sex, marital status, national origin, ancestry, familial status, or disability. See California Government Code 12927
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• Age: refers to the chronological age of any individual who has reached a 40th birthday. See California Government Code 12926
• Agency: means the Labor and Workforce Development Agency. See California Labor Code 18.5
• Aggrieved person: includes any person who claims to have been injured by a discriminatory housing practice or believes that the person will be injured by a discriminatory housing practice that is about to occur. See California Government Code 12927
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Angling: means the taking of, or attempting to take, fish by hook and line with the line held in the hand, or by hook and line with the line attached to a pole or rod which is closely attended or held in the hand in such a manner that the fish voluntarily takes the bait or lure in its mouth. See California Fish and Game Code 15
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeals board: means the Workers' Compensation Appeals Board. See California Labor Code 110
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Aquaculture: means that form of agriculture devoted to the propagation, cultivation, maintenance, and harvesting of aquatic plants and animals in marine, brackish, and fresh water. See California Fish and Game Code 17
• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• auxiliary organization: includes the following entities:

  California Education Code 89901

• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Ballot card: means a card or a number of cards upon which are printed, or identified by reference to the ballot, the names of candidates for nomination or election to one or more offices or the ballot titles of one or more measures. See California Elections Code 302
• Ballot on demand system: means a self-contained system that allows users to do both of the following on an as-needed basis:

  California Elections Code 303.4

• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Board: means the Wildlife Conservation Board. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Board: means the California Victim Compensation Board. See California Government Code 13951
• California Water Plan: means the California Water Plan Update Bulletin 160-05 and subsequent revisions and amendments. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• candidate: includes any officeholder who is subject to a recall election. See California Elections Code 305
• Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• Chief judge: The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court but also decides cases; chief judges are determined by seniority.
• Clerk: means the county elections official, registrar of voters, city clerk, or other officer or board charged with the duty of conducting any election. See California Elections Code 307
• Commission: means the Fish and Game Commission, and "commissioner" means a member of the Fish and Game Commission. See California Fish and Game Code 30
• Commissioner: means the Labor Commissioner. See California Labor Code 2100
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Council: means the Civil Rights Council and "council member" means a member of the council. See California Government Code 12925
• County: includes "city and county. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• County: includes city and county. See California Food and Agricultural Code 29
• County: includes "city and county. See California Labor Code 14
• County: includes "city and county. See California Public Resources Code 14
• County: includes city and county. See California Fish and Game Code 32
• Court: means the trial court in which the action is pending, unless otherwise specified. See California Code of Civil Procedure 2016.020
• Day: means calendar day, and "week" means calendar week. See California Fish and Game Code 35
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Delta: means the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Department: means the State Department of Health Services. See California Health and Safety Code 130400
• Department: means the Department of Water Resources. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Department: means the Civil Rights Department. See California Government Code 12925
• department: refer to the Director and Department of Finance, respectively, unless the context otherwise requires. See California Government Code 13001
• Department: means the Department of Human Resources. See California Government Code 19815
• Department: means the Department of Food and Agriculture. See California Food and Agricultural Code 32
• Department: means Department of Industrial Relations. See California Labor Code 19
• Department: means the Department of Fish and Wildlife. See California Fish and Game Code 37
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• depressed: means the condition of a fishery that exhibits declining fish population abundance levels below those consistent with maximum sustainable yield. See California Fish and Game Code 90.7
• Development: includes , but is not limited to the physical improvement of real property including the construction of facilities or structures. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Director: means a member of the governing body. See California Elections Code 10500
• Director: means the Director of Civil Rights. See California Government Code 12925
• Director: means the Director of the Department of Human Resources. See California Government Code 19815
• Director: means Director of Industrial Relations. See California Labor Code 20
• Director: means the Director of Fish and Wildlife. See California Fish and Game Code 39
• Discrimination: includes refusal to sell, rent, or lease housing accommodations. See California Government Code 12927
• District: means fish and game district. See California Fish and Game Code 41
• Division: means the Division of Workers' Compensation. See California Labor Code 110
• Division: means the Division of Occupational Safety and Health. See California Labor Code 2100
• Division: means the Division of Labor Relations. See California Government Code 19815
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• Election: means any election including a primary that is provided for under this code. See California Elections Code 318
• Electioneering: means the visible display or audible dissemination of information that advocates for or against any candidate or measure on the ballot within the 100 foot limit specified in subdivision (b). See California Elections Code 319.5
• Elections official: means any of the following:

  California Elections Code 320

• Elective office: means any office that may, under the principal act of the district or agency, be filled by way of an election. See California Elections Code 10500
• Elective officer: means "elective officer" as defined by the principal act of each district or agency or if not defined, any officer of a district or agency holding an office that can be filled by election. See California Elections Code 10500
• Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See California Code of Civil Procedure 2016.020
• Electronically stored information: means information that is stored in an electronic medium. See California Code of Civil Procedure 2016.020
• Employee: means a nonexempt employee who works at a warehouse distribution center. See California Labor Code 2100
• Employer: means a person who directly or indirectly, or through an agent or any other person, including through the services of a third-party employer, temporary service, or staffing agency or similar entity, employs or exercises control over the wages, hours, or working conditions of 100 or more employees at a single warehouse distribution center or 1,000 or more employees at one or more warehouse distribution centers in the state. See California Labor Code 2100
• Employment agency: includes any person undertaking for compensation to procure employees or opportunities to work. See California Government Code 12926
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fish: means a wild fish, mollusk, crustacean, invertebrate, amphibian, or part, spawn, or ovum of any of those animals. See California Fish and Game Code 45
• Fishery: means both of the following:

  California Fish and Game Code 94

• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fund: means the Golden Bear State Pharmacy Assistance Program Rebate Fund. See California Health and Safety Code 130400
• Fund: means the Safe Drinking Water, Water Quality and Supply, Flood Control, River and Coastal Protection Fund of 2006. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Gender: means sex, and includes a person's gender identity and gender expression. See California Government Code 12926
• Gender expression: means a person's gender-related appearance and behavior whether or not stereotypically associated with the person's assigned sex at birth. See California Government Code 12926
• General district election: means an election held pursuant to the provisions of this part. See California Elections Code 10500
• General election: means either of the following:

  California Elections Code 324

• Genetic information: includes any request for, or receipt of, genetic services, or participation in clinical research that includes genetic services, by an individual or any family member of the individual. See California Government Code 12926
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Governing body: means the board of directors of a district or agency or the board or body which governs the activities of the district or agency. See California Elections Code 10500
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Housing accommodation: includes a building, structure, or portion thereof that is occupied, or intended to be occupied, pursuant to a transaction facilitated by a hosting platform, as defined in §. See California Government Code 12927
• Inspector: means the supervisor of the precinct board of which he or she is a member. See California Elections Code 325
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Interpretation: includes , but is not limited to, a visitor serving amenity that educates and communicates the significance and value of natural, historical, and cultural resources in a way that increases the understanding and enjoyment of these resources and that may utilize the expertise of a naturalist or other specialist skilled at educational interpretation. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Joint session: When both chambers of a legislature adopt a concurrent resolution to meet together.
• Judicial office: means the office filled by any judicial officer. See California Elections Code 326
• Kelp: means kelp or other marine aquatic plants and the seeds thereof. See California Fish and Game Code 51
• Labor Commissioner: means Chief of the Division of Labor Standards Enforcement. See California Labor Code 21
• Labor organization: includes any organization that exists and is constituted for the purpose, in whole or in part, of collective bargaining or of dealing with employers concerning grievances, terms or conditions of employment, or of other mutual aid or protection. See California Government Code 12926
• Landowner voting district: means a district whose principal act requires an elector to be an owner of land located within the district. See California Elections Code 10500
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Measure: means any constitutional amendment or other proposition submitted to a popular vote at any election. See California Elections Code 329
• Medical director: means the physician appointed by the administrative director pursuant to Section 122. See California Labor Code 110
• Medicare beneficiary: means a Medicare beneficiary who is a California resident. See California Health and Safety Code 130400
• Mental disability: includes , but is not limited to, all of the following:

  California Government Code 12926

• Mile: means either a statute mile (5,280 feet) or a nautical mile (6,077 feet) depending on the application. See California Fish and Game Code 55
• Municipal election: means elections in general law cities and where applicable in chartered cities. See California Elections Code 330
• Net: means any gear made of any kind of twine, thread, string, rope, wire, wood, or other materials used for the gilling, entangling, trapping, or impounding of fish. See California Fish and Game Code 56
• Nomination documents: means declaration of candidacy and nomination papers. See California Elections Code 333
• Nonpartisan office: means an office, except for a voter-nominated office, for which no party may nominate a candidate. See California Elections Code 334
• Nonprofit organization: means any nonprofit corporation qualified to do business in California, and qualified under Section 501?(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Nonresident: means a person who is not a resident as defined in Section 70. See California Fish and Game Code 57
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes an affirmation or declaration. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Government Code 15
• Owner: means any person, including his or her legal representative, who has or had a legal or equitable interest in unclaimed property. See California Code of Civil Procedure 1601
• Owner: includes the lessee, sublessee, assignee, managing agent, real estate broker or salesperson, or any person having any legal or equitable right of ownership or possession or the right to rent or lease housing accommodations, and includes the state and any of its political subdivisions and any agency thereof. See California Government Code 12927
• Party: means a political party or organization that has qualified for participation in any primary or presidential general election. See California Elections Code 338
• Person: means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability partnership, limited liability company, business trust, estate, trust, association, joint venture, agency, instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity, whether domestic or foreign. See California Labor Code 2100
• Person: includes any individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, unincorporated association, or other legal entity. See California Code of Civil Procedure 1601
• Person: includes one or more individuals, partnerships, associations, corporations, limited liability companies, legal representatives, trustees, trustees in bankruptcy, and receivers or other fiduciaries. See California Government Code 12925
• Person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Person: means any person, association, organization, partnership, business trust, limited liability company, or corporation. See California Labor Code 18
• Person: means any natural person or any partnership, corporation, limited liability company, trust, or other type of association. See California Fish and Game Code 67
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Plea agreement: An arrangement between the prosecutor, the defense attorney, and the defendant in which the defendant agrees to plead guilty in exchange for special considerations. ^Source:
• Polling place: means a location where a voter casts a ballot and includes the following terms, as applicable: poll, polling location, and vote center. See California Elections Code 338.5
• Precinct: means a geographical area within a county that is made up of voters and is formed pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 12200) of Division 12. See California Elections Code 338.6
• precinct board: means the board appointed by the elections official to serve at a vote center. See California Elections Code 339
• Precinct board member: is a member of the precinct board and includes an election officer. See California Elections Code 339
• Preservation: means rehabilitation, stabilization, restoration, development, and reconstruction, or any combination of those activities. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Primary election: includes all primary nominating elections provided for by this code. See California Elections Code 341
• Principal act: means the law providing for the creation of a particular district or agency or type of district or agency. See California Elections Code 10500
• Probate: Proving a will
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• Process: signifies a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Property: includes real and personal property. See California Code of Civil Procedure 872.010
• property: includes property real and personal. See California Civil Code 14
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Protection: means those actions necessary to prevent harm or damage to persons, property or natural resources or those actions necessary to allow the continued use and enjoyment of property or natural resources and includes acquisition, development, restoration, preservation and interpretation. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Public debt: Cumulative amounts borrowed by the Treasury Department or the Federal Financing Bank from the public or from another fund or account. The public debt does not include agency debt (amounts borrowed by other agencies of the Federal Government). The total public debt is subject to a statutory limit.
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Purchase: means "buy" as defined in Section 24. See California Fish and Game Code 68
• Qualified medical evaluator: means physicians appointed by the administrative director pursuant to Section 139. See California Labor Code 110
• Real estate-related transactions: include any of the following:

  California Government Code 12927

• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Resident: means any person who has resided continuously in the State of California for six months or more immediately prior to the date of application for a license or permit, any person on active military duty with the Armed Forces of the United States or auxiliary branch thereof, or any person enrolled in the Job Corps established pursuant to former Section 2883 of Title 29 of the United States Code. See California Fish and Game Code 70
• Restoration: means the improvement of physical structures or facilities and, in the case of natural systems and landscape features includes, but is not limited to, projects for the control of erosion, the control and elimination of exotic species, prescribed burning, fuel hazard reduction, fencing out threats to existing or restored natural resources, road elimination, and other plant and wildlife habitat improvement to increase the natural system value of the property. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Roster: means the official list of voters for an election, which may be in paper or electronic form. See California Elections Code 349.5
• season: means "open season. See California Fish and Game Code 62
• Secretary: means the secretary of the governing body or a person designated by him or her to perform a duty of the secretary. See California Elections Code 10500
• Secretary: means the Secretary of the Resources Agency. See California Public Resources Code 75005
• Secretary: means the Secretary of Labor and Workforce Development. See California Labor Code 19.5
• Sell: includes offer for sale, expose for sale, possess for sale, exchange, barter, or trade. See California Food and Agricultural Code 44
• Sell: includes offer or possess for sale, barter, exchange, or trade. See California Fish and Game Code 75
• Sequester: To separate. Sometimes juries are sequestered from outside influences during their deliberations.
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Sex: includes , but is not limited to, the following:

  California Government Code 12926

• Sexual orientation: means heterosexuality, homosexuality, and bisexuality. See California Government Code 12926
• Sheriff: includes marshal. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Sheriff: includes "marshal. See California Labor Code 25
• Signature: includes either of the following:

  California Elections Code 354.5

• Sole ownership: The type of property ownership in which one individual holds legal title to the property and has full control of it.
• Source of income: includes a federal Department of Housing and Urban Development Veterans Affairs Supportive Housing voucher. See California Government Code 12927
• Special election: is a n election, the specific time for the holding of which is not prescribed by law. See California Elections Code 356
• Special sessions: as used in this division , means self-supporting instructional programs conducted by the California State University. See California Education Code 89708
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Government Code 12.2
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Labor Code 12.2
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Fish and Game Code 9.2
• State: includes the District of Columbia and the territories when applied to the different parts of the United States, and the words "United States" may include the district and territories. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Fish and Game Code 83
• state agency: includes every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, and commission. See California Government Code 11000
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• stock: means a species, subspecies, geographical grouping, or other category of fish capable of management as a unit. See California Fish and Game Code 98.5
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Food and Agricultural Code 49
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Fish and Game Code 73
• subscription: includes mark when the signer or subscriber can not write, such signer's or subscriber's name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer's or subscriber's name. See California Labor Code 17
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Take: means hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill, or attempt to hunt, pursue, catch, capture, or kill. See California Fish and Game Code 86
• Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedent
• Testify: includes any mode of oral statement made under oath or affirmation. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• trustees: means the Trustees of the California State University, created under Section 66600. See California Education Code 89000
• Unclaimed property: means any tangible personal property or intangible personal property, including choses in action in amounts certain, and all debts owed or entrusted funds or other property held by any federal agency or any officer or employee thereof, whether occasioned by contract or operation of law or otherwise, except bonuses and gratuities, which has remained unclaimed by the owner for:

  California Code of Civil Procedure 1601

• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Usury: Charging an illegally high interest rate on a loan. ^{Source: OCC}
• vehicle air-conditioner: means mechanical vapor compression refrigeration equipment used to cool the driver's or passenger compartment of any motor vehicle. See California Health and Safety Code 44471
• Venue: The geographical location in which a case is tried.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Veteran or military status: means a member or veteran of the United States Armed Forces, United States Armed Forces Reserve, the United States National Guard, and the California National Guard. See California Government Code 12926
• Veterinary food-animal drugs: as used in this chapter shall include the following:

  California Business and Professions Code 4042

• Violation: includes a failure to comply with any requirement of the code. See California Labor Code 22
• Vote center: means a location established for holding elections that offers the services described in Sections 2170 and 4005. See California Elections Code 357.5
• Voter: means a voter or elector as respectively defined in the principal act of each district or agency. See California Elections Code 10500
• Voter: means any elector who is registered under this code. See California Elections Code 359
• Voter list: means the list of registered voters in a single or consolidated precinct or in an entire county. See California Elections Code 359.2
• Voter-nominated office: means a congressional or state elective office for which a candidate may choose to have his or her party preference or lack of party preference indicated upon the ballot. See California Elections Code 359.5
• Wildlife: means and includes all wild animals, birds, plants, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and related ecological communities, including the habitat upon which the wildlife depends for its continued viability. See California Fish and Game Code 89.5
• Will: includes codicil. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
• Writ: means an order or precept in writing, issued in the name of the people, or of a court or judicial officer. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Writing: includes printing and typewriting. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17