Terms Used In Ohio Code > Chapter 3 - Officer; Oaths; Bonds

• Adjournment sine die: The end of a legislative session "without day." These adjournments are used to indicate the final adjournment of an annual or the two-year session of legislature.
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affirmed: In the practice of the appellate courts, the decree or order is declared valid and will stand as rendered in the lower court.
• agriculture: includes farming; ranching; aquaculture; algaculture meaning the farming of algae; apiculture and related apicultural activities, production of honey, beeswax, honeycomb, and other related products; horticulture; viticulture, winemaking, and related activities; animal husbandry, including, but not limited to, the care and raising of livestock, equine, and fur-bearing animals; poultry husbandry and the production of poultry and poultry products; dairy production; the production of field crops, tobacco, fruits, vegetables, nursery stock, ornamental shrubs, ornamental trees, flowers, sod, or mushrooms; timber; pasturage; any combination of the foregoing; the processing, drying, storage, and marketing of agricultural products when those activities are conducted in conjunction with, but are secondary to, such husbandry or production; and any additions or modifications to the foregoing made by the director of agriculture by rule adopted in accordance with Chapter 119 of the Revised Code. See Ohio Code 1.61
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• Allowable costs: means all or part of the costs of project facilities, eligible projects, eligible innovation projects, eligible research and development projects, eligible advanced energy projects, or eligible logistics and distribution projects, including costs of acquiring, constructing, reconstructing, rehabilitating, renovating, enlarging, improving, equipping, or furnishing project facilities, eligible projects, eligible innovation projects, eligible research and development projects, eligible advanced energy projects, or eligible logistics and distribution projects, site clearance and preparation, supplementing and relocating public capital improvements or utility facilities, designs, plans, specifications, surveys, studies, and estimates of costs, expenses necessary or incident to determining the feasibility or practicability of assisting an eligible project, an eligible innovation project, an eligible research and development project, an eligible advanced energy project, or an eligible logistics and distribution project, or providing project facilities or facilities related to an eligible project, an eligible innovation project, an eligible research and development project, an eligible advanced energy project, or an eligible logistics and distribution project, architectural, engineering, and legal services fees and expenses, the costs of conducting any other activities as part of a voluntary action, and such other expenses as may be necessary or incidental to the establishment or development of an eligible project, an eligible innovation project, an eligible research and development project, an eligible advanced energy project, or an eligible logistics and distribution project, and reimbursement of moneys advanced or applied by any governmental agency or other person for allowable costs. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Allowable innovation costs: includes allowable costs of eligible innovation projects and, in addition, includes the costs of research and development of eligible innovation projects; obtaining or creating any requisite software or computer hardware related to an eligible innovation project or the products or services associated therewith; testing (including, without limitation, quality control activities necessary for initial production), perfecting, and marketing of such products and services; creating and protecting intellectual property related to an eligible innovation project or any products or services related thereto, including costs of securing appropriate patent, trademark, trade secret, trade dress, copyright, or other form of intellectual property protection for an eligible innovation project or related products and services; all to the extent that such expenditures could be capitalized under then-applicable generally accepted accounting principles; and the reimbursement of moneys advanced or applied by any governmental agency or other person for allowable innovation costs. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Amendment: A proposal to alter the text of a pending bill or other measure by striking out some of it, by inserting new language, or both. Before an amendment becomes part of the measure, thelegislature must agree to it.
• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Another: when used to designate the owner of property which is the subject of an offense, includes not only natural persons but also every other owner of property. See Ohio Code 1.02
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appeal: A request made after a trial, asking another court (usually the court of appeals) to decide whether the trial was conducted properly. To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal." One who appeals is called the appellant.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Appropriation: The provision of funds, through an annual appropriations act or a permanent law, for federal agencies to make payments out of the Treasury for specified purposes. The formal federal spending process consists of two sequential steps: authorization
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney unclaimed funds: means any unclaimed funds, as defined in division (B)(1) of this section, that are any of the following:

  (1) Funds held in interest on lawyer trust accounts pursuant to section 4705. See Ohio Code 169.01

• Attorney-at-law: A person who is legally qualified and licensed to practice law, and to represent and act for clients in legal proceedings.
• Bail: Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Blighted parcel: means either of the following:

  (1) A parcel that has one or more of the following conditions:

  (a) A structure that is dilapidated, unsanitary, unsafe, or vermin infested and that because of its condition has been designated by an agency that is responsible for the enforcement of housing, building, or fire codes as unfit for human habitation or use;

  (b) The property poses a direct threat to public health or safety in its present condition by reason of environmentally hazardous conditions, solid waste pollution, or contamination;

  (c) Tax or special assessment delinquencies exceeding the fair value of the land that remain unpaid thirty-five days after notice to pay has been mailed. See Ohio Code 1.08

• Bond: includes an undertaking. See Ohio Code 1.02
• Bond proceedings: means the resolutions, orders, trust agreements, indentures, and other agreements, credit facilities and credit enhancement facilities, and amendments and supplements to the foregoing, or any one or more or combination thereof, authorizing, awarding, or providing for the terms and conditions applicable to or providing for the security or liquidity of obligations, and the provisions contained in those obligations. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Bond proceedings: means the resolution or ordinance or the trust agreement or indenture of mortgage, or combination thereof, authorizing or providing for the terms and conditions applicable to bonds issued under authority of this chapter. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Bond proceedings: means the resolution, order, trust agreement, indenture, lease, and other agreements, amendments and supplements to the foregoing, or any one or more or combination thereof, authorizing or providing for the terms and conditions applicable to, or providing for the security or liquidity of, obligations issued pursuant to this section, and the provisions contained in such obligations. See Ohio Code 166.08
• Bond service charges: means principal, including any mandatory sinking fund or redemption requirements for retirement of obligations, interest and other accreted amounts, and any redemption premium payable on obligations. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Bond service charges: means principal, including mandatory sinking fund requirements for retirement of obligations, and interest, and redemption premium, if any, required to be paid by the state on obligations. See Ohio Code 166.08
• Bond service fund: means the fund, and any accounts in that fund, created by section 164. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Bond service fund: means the applicable fund and accounts therein created for and pledged to the payment of bond service charges, which may be, or may be part of, the economic development bond service fund created by division (S) of this section including all moneys and investments, and earnings from investments, credited and to be credited thereto. See Ohio Code 166.08
• Bonds: means bonds, notes, or other forms of evidences of obligation issued in temporary or definitive form, including notes issued in anticipation of the issuance of bonds and renewal notes. See Ohio Code 165.01
• business association: means any corporation, joint venture, business trust, limited liability company, partnership, association, or other business entity composed of one or more individuals, whether or not the entity is for profit. See Ohio Code 169.01
• cardholder: means the holder of a rewards card, regardless of whether the rewards card is represented by a card or by an electronic record. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Certified nurse practitioner: means an advanced practice registered nurse who holds a current, valid license issued under Chapter 4723 of the Revised Code and is designated as a certified nurse practitioner in accordance with section 4723. See Ohio Code 1.64
• Child: includes child by adoption. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Clinical nurse specialist: means an advanced practice registered nurse who holds a current, valid license issued under Chapter 4723 of the Revised Code and is designated as a clinical nurse specialist in accordance with section 4723. See Ohio Code 1.64
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Complaint: A written statement by the plaintiff stating the wrongs allegedly committed by the defendant.
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contract: A legal written agreement that becomes binding when signed.
• Conviction: A judgement of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• Corporation: A legal entity owned by the holders of shares of stock that have been issued, and that can own, receive, and transfer property, and carry on business in its own name.
• Cost of capital improvement projects: means the costs of acquiring, constructing, reconstructing, expanding, improving, and engineering capital improvement projects, and related financing costs. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Credit enhancement facilities: means letters of credit, lines of credit, stand-by, contingent, or firm securities purchase agreements, interest rate hedges including, without limitation, interest rate swaps, insurance or surety arrangements, reserve or guarantee funds, and guarantees, and other arrangements that provide for contingent or direct payment of bond service charges, for security or additional security in the event of nonpayment or default in respect of obligations, or for making or providing funds for making payment of bond service charges to, and at the option and on demand of, holders of obligations or at the option of the issuer under put or similar arrangements, or for otherwise supporting the credit or liquidity of obligations, and includes credit, reimbursement, marketing, remarketing, indexing, carrying, purchase, and subrogation agreements, and other agreements and arrangements for reimbursement of the person providing the credit enhancement facility and the security for that reimbursement. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Deposit: means to place money in the custody of a financial organization for the purpose of establishing an income-bearing account by purchase or otherwise. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Eligible advanced energy project: means an eligible project that is an "advanced energy project" as defined in section 3706. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Eligible innovation project: includes an eligible project, including any project facilities associated with an eligible innovation project and, in addition, includes all tangible and intangible property related to a new product or process based on new technology or the creative application of existing technology, including research and development, product or process testing, quality control, market research, and related activities, that is to be acquired, established, expanded, remodeled, rehabilitated, or modernized for industry, commerce, distribution, or research, or any combination thereof, the operation of which, alone or in conjunction with other eligible projects, eligible innovation projects, or innovation property, will create new jobs or preserve existing jobs and employment opportunities and improve the economic welfare of the people of the state. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Eligible logistics and distribution project: means an eligible project, including project facilities, to be acquired, established, expanded, remodeled, rehabilitated, or modernized for transportation logistics and distribution infrastructure purposes. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Eligible project: includes , without limitation, a voluntary action. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Eligible research and development project: means an eligible project, including project facilities, comprising, within, or related to, a facility or portion of a facility at which research is undertaken for the purpose of discovering information that is technological in nature and the application of which is intended to be useful in the development of a new or improved product, process, technique, formula, or invention, a new product or process based on new technology, or the creative application of existing technology. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: Information presented in testimony or in documents that is used to persuade the fact finder (judge or jury) to decide the case for one side or the other.
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• existing jobs: includes only those existing jobs with work places within the municipal corporation or unincorporated area of the county in which the eligible project is located. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Financial assistance: means inducements under division (B) of section 166. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Financial assistance: means grants, loans, loan guarantees, an equity position in a project, or loan subsidies. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Financial organization: means any bank, trust company, savings bank, safe deposit company, mutual savings bank without mutual stock, savings and loan association, credit union, or investment company. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Financing costs: means all costs and expenses relating to the authorization, issuance, sale, delivery, authentication, deposit, custody, clearing, registration, transfer, exchange, fractionalization, replacement, and servicing of obligations, including, without limitation, costs and expenses for or relating to, or payment obligations under, publication and printing, postage and express delivery, official statements, offering circulars, and informational statements, travel and transportation, paying agents, bond registrars, authenticating agents, remarketing agents, custodians, clearing agencies or corporations, securities depositories, financial advisory services, certifications, audits, federal or state regulatory agencies, accounting services, legal services and obtaining approving legal opinions and other legal opinions, credit ratings, original issue discount, credit facilities, and credit enhancement facilities. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Fiscal year: The fiscal year is the accounting period for the government. For the federal government, this begins on October 1 and ends on September 30. The fiscal year is designated by the calendar year in which it ends; for example, fiscal year 2006 begins on October 1, 2005 and ends on September 30, 2006.
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fraud: Intentional deception resulting in injury to another.
• funds: means , except where the context does not permit, the bond service fund, and any other funds, including reserve funds, created under the bond proceedings and stated to be special funds in those proceedings, including all moneys and investments, and earnings from investments, credited and to be credited to the particular fund. See Ohio Code 164.01
• funds: means , except where the context does not permit, the bond service fund, and any other funds, including reserve funds, created under the bond proceedings, and the economic development bond service fund created by division (S) of this section to the extent provided in the bond proceedings, including all moneys and investments, and earnings from investment, credited and to be credited thereto. See Ohio Code 166.08
• Genocide: means an internationally recognized crime where the following acts are committed against a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group's members with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, the group:

  (1) Killing;

  (2) Causing serious bodily or mental harm;

  (3) Deliberately inflicting life conditions calculated to bring about physical destruction, in whole or in part;

  (4) Imposing measures intended to prevent births;

  (5) Forcibly transferring a group's children to another group. See Ohio Code 197.01

• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Governmental action: means any action by a governmental agency relating to the establishment, development, or operation of an eligible project, eligible innovation project, eligible research and development project, eligible advanced energy project, or eligible logistics and distribution project, and project facilities that the governmental agency acting has authority to take or provide for the purpose under law, including, but not limited to, actions relating to contracts and agreements, zoning, building, permits, acquisition and disposition of property, public capital improvements, utility and transportation service, taxation, employee recruitment and training, and liaison and coordination with and among governmental agencies. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Governmental agency: means the state and any state department, division, commission, institution or authority; a municipal corporation, county, or township, and any agency thereof, and any other political subdivision or public corporation or the United States or any agency thereof; any agency, commission, or authority established pursuant to an interstate compact or agreement; and any combination of the above. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Grant: means funding the department of development or the Ohio housing finance agency provides for which the relevant agency does not require repayment. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Guardian: A person legally empowered and charged with the duty of taking care of and managing the property of another person who because of age, intellect, or health, is incapable of managing his (her) own affairs.
• Holder: means any person that has possession, custody, or control of moneys, rights to moneys, or other intangible property, or that is indebted to another, if any of the following applies:

  (a) Such person resides in this state;

  (b) Such person is formed under the laws of this state;

  (c) Such person is formed under the laws of the United States and has an office or principal place of business in this state;

  (d) The records of such person indicate that the last known address of the owner of such moneys, rights to moneys, or other intangible property is in this state;

  (e) The records of such person do not indicate the last known address of the owner of the moneys, rights to moneys, or other intangible property and the entity originating or issuing the moneys, rights to moneys, or other intangible property in this state or any political subdivision of this state, or is incorporated, organized, created, or otherwise located in this state. See Ohio Code 169.01

• Holocaust: means the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its allies and collaborators. See Ohio Code 197.01
• Housing: means housing for owner-occupancy and multifamily rental housing. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Housing for owner-occupancy: means housing that is intended for occupancy by an owner as a principal residence. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Housing trust fund: means the low- and moderate-income housing trust fund created and administered pursuant to Chapter 174 of the Revised Code. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
• imprisonment: means being imprisoned under a sentence imposed for an offense or serving a term of imprisonment, prison term, jail term, term of local incarceration, or other term under a sentence imposed for an offense in an institution under the control of the department of rehabilitation and correction, a county, multicounty, municipal, municipal-county, or multicounty-municipal jail or workhouse, a minimum security jail, a community-based correctional facility, or another facility described or referred to in section 2929. See Ohio Code 1.05
• in writing: includes any representation of words, letters, symbols, or figures; this provision does not affect any law relating to signatures. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Income-bearing account: means a time or savings account, whether or not evidenced by a certificate of deposit, or an investment account through which investments are made solely in obligations of the United States or its agencies or instrumentalities or guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States or its agencies or instrumentalities, debt securities rated as investment grade by at least two nationally recognized rating services, debt securities which the director of commerce has determined to have been issued for the safety and welfare of the residents of this state, and equity interests in mutual funds that invest solely in some or all of the above-listed securities and involve no general liability, without regard to whether income earned on such accounts, securities, or interests is paid periodically or at the end of a term. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Indictment: The formal charge issued by a grand jury stating that there is enough evidence that the defendant committed the crime to justify having a trial; it is used primarily for felonies.
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Innovation financial assistance: means inducements under division (B) of section 166. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Innovation property: includes property and also includes software, inventory, licenses, contract rights, goodwill, intellectual property, including without limitation, patents, patent applications, trademarks and service marks, and trade secrets, and other tangible and intangible property, and any rights and interests in or connected to the foregoing. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Internet: means the international computer network of both federal and nonfederal interoperable packet switched data networks, including the graphical subnetwork known as the world wide web. See Ohio Code 1.59
• internet crimes against children task force: means the Ohio internet crimes against children task force recognized by the United States department of justice's internet crimes against children task force program in this state. See Ohio Code 195.01
• Issuer: means the treasurer of state, or the officer who by law performs the functions of that officer. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Issuer: means the state or a county, township, or municipal corporation of the state. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Issuing authority: means in the case of the state, the director of development services; in the case of a municipal corporation, the legislative authority thereof; in the case of a township, the board of township trustees; and in the case of a county, the board of county commissioners or whatever officers, board, commission, council, or other body might succeed to the legislative powers of the commissioners. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Issuing authority: means the treasurer of state, or the officer who by law performs the functions of such officer. See Ohio Code 166.08
• JobsOhio: means the nonprofit corporation formed under this section, and includes any subsidiary of that corporation. See Ohio Code 187.01
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.
• Joint session: When both chambers of a legislature adopt a concurrent resolution to meet together.
• Jurisdiction: (1) The legal authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Concurrent jurisdiction exists when two courts have simultaneous responsibility for the same case. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases.
• Juror: A person who is on the jury.
• Lawful claims: means any vested right a holder of unclaimed funds has against the owner of such unclaimed funds. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Lease: A contract transferring the use of property or occupancy of land, space, structures, or equipment in consideration of a payment (e.g., rent). ^{Source: OCC}
• Lending institution: means any financial institution qualified to conduct business in this state, a subsidiary corporation that is wholly owned by a financial institution qualified to conduct business in this state, and a mortgage lender whose regular business is originating, servicing, or brokering real estate loans and who is qualified to do business in this state. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Liabilities: The aggregate of all debts and other legal obligations of a particular person or legal entity.
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Loan: includes financing extended to lending institutions and indebtedness purchased from lending institutions. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Loan guarantee: means any agreement in favor of a lending institution or other lender in which the credit and resources of the housing trust fund are pledged to secure the payment or collection of financing extended to a borrower for the acquisition, construction, improvement, rehabilitation or preservation of housing, or to refinance any financing previously extended for those purposes by any lender. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Loan guarantee reserve requirement: means , at any time, with respect to loan guarantees made under section 166. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Loan subsidy: means any deposit of funds into a lending institution with the authorization or direction that the income or revenues the deposit earns, or could have earned at competitive rates, be applied directly or indirectly to the benefit of housing assistance or financial assistance. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Local debt support and credit enhancements: means a full or partial pledge of support for any local bond issue, the payment of all or a part of the premium for bond insurance obtained from a private insurer, the subsidization of the interest rate on a loan obtained by the subdivision, or a source of revenue pledged in support of revenue bonds issued by a subdivision. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Local subdivision: means any county, municipal corporation, township, sanitary district, or regional water and sewer district. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Low- and moderate-income persons: means individuals and families who qualify as low- and moderate-income persons pursuant to guidelines the department establishes. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Minority leader: See Floor Leaders
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgage funds: means the mortgage insurance fund created by section 122. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Mortgage loan: A loan made by a lender to a borrower for the financing of real property. ^{Source: OCC}
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Multifamily rental housing: means multiple unit housing intended for rental occupancy. See Ohio Code 174.01
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Net proceeds: means amounts received from the sale of obligations pursuant to this chapter, excluding amounts used to refund or retire outstanding obligations, and does not include amounts required to be deposited in special funds pursuant to the applicable bond proceedings, or financing costs paid from such amounts received. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Nonprofit organization: means a nonprofit organization in good standing and qualified to conduct business in this state including any corporation whose members are members of a metropolitan housing authority. See Ohio Code 174.01
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes affirmation, and "swear" includes affirm. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Obligation: An order placed, contract awarded, service received, or similar transaction during a given period that will require payments during the same or a future period.
• Obligations: means bonds, notes, or other evidences of obligation of the state, including any interest coupons pertaining thereto, issued pursuant to sections 164. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Obligations: means bonds, notes, or other evidence of obligation including interest coupons pertaining thereto, issued pursuant to this section. See Ohio Code 166.08
• open-loop prepaid card: means an electronic payment device that meets all of the following conditions:

  (i) It is purchased or loaded on a prepaid basis for the future purchase or delivery of any goods or services. See Ohio Code 169.01

• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means any person, or the person's legal representative, entitled to receive or having a legal or equitable interest in or claim against moneys, rights to moneys, or other intangible property, subject to this chapter. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Person: means any individual, firm, partnership, association, corporation, or governmental agency, and any combination thereof. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Person: includes a natural person; corporation, whether for profit or not for profit; copartnership; unincorporated nonprofit association; public authority; estate; trust; two or more persons having a joint or common interest; eleemosynary organization; fraternal or cooperative association; other legal or community entity; the United States government, including any district, territory, possession, officer, agency, department, authority, instrumentality, board, bureau, or court; or any state or political subdivision thereof, including any officer, agency, board, bureau, commission, division, department, authority, court, or instrumentality. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Person: includes an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, and association. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• Plea: In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges, a declaration made in open court.
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• Pledged facilities: means the project or projects mortgaged or the rentals, revenues, and other income, charges, and moneys from which are pledged, or both, for the payment of the principal of and interest on the bonds issued under authority of section 165. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Pledged receipts: means all receipts of the state representing the gross profit on the sale of spirituous liquor, as referred to in division (B)(4) of section 4301. See Ohio Code 166.08
• Population: means that shown by the most recent regular federal census. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Principal amount: refers to the aggregate of the amount as stated or provided for in the bond proceedings authorizing the obligations as the amount on which interest or interest equivalent is initially calculated. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Probation: A sentencing alternative to imprisonment in which the court releases convicted defendants under supervision as long as certain conditions are observed.
• project: means the acquisition, construction, reconstruction, improvement, planning, and equipping of roads and bridges, appurtenances to roads and bridges to enhance the safety of animal-drawn vehicles, pedestrians, and bicycles, waste water treatment systems, water supply systems, solid waste disposal facilities, and storm water and sanitary collection, storage, and treatment facilities, including real property, interests in real property, facilities, and equipment related or incidental to those facilities. See Ohio Code 164.01
• Project: includes sanitary facilities, drainage facilities, and prevention or replacement facilities as defined in section 6117. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Project facilities: means buildings, structures, and other improvements, and equipment and other property, excluding small tools, supplies, and inventory, and any one, part of, or combination of the above, comprising all or part of, or serving or being incidental to, an eligible project, an eligible innovation project, an eligible research and development project, an eligible advanced energy project, or an eligible logistics and distribution project, including, but not limited to, public capital improvements. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Project financing obligations: means obligations issued pursuant to section 166. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Property: means real and personal property and interests therein. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Property: means real and personal property. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• Public capital improvements: means capital improvements or facilities that any governmental agency has authority to acquire, pay the costs of, own, maintain, or operate, or to contract with other persons to have the same done, including, but not limited to, highways, roads, streets, water and sewer facilities, railroad and other transportation facilities, and air and water pollution control and solid waste disposal facilities. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
• Public law: A public bill or joint resolution that has passed both chambers and been enacted into law. Public laws have general applicability nationwide.
• Public utility: means any entity defined as such by division (A) of section 745. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Registered mail: includes certified mail and "certified mail" includes registered mail. See Ohio Code 1.02
• Remainder: An interest in property that takes effect in the future at a specified time or after the occurrence of some event, such as the death of a life tenant.
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Research and development financial assistance: means inducements under section 166. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• Revenues: means the rentals, revenues, payments, repayments, income, charges, and moneys derived or to be derived from the use, lease, sublease, rental, sale, including installment sale or conditional sale, or other disposition of pledged facilities, or derived or to be derived pursuant to a loan made for a project, bond proceeds to the extent provided in the bond proceedings for the payment of principal of, or premium, if any, or interest on the bonds, proceeds from any insurance, condemnation or guaranty pertaining to pledged facilities or the financing thereof, and income and profit from the investment of the proceeds of bonds or of any revenues. See Ohio Code 165.01
• rewards card: includes any loyalty, incentive, or promotional type program that is issued by a financial organization or a business association whether represented by a card or electronic record, which program is established for the purposes of providing cardholder awards, rewards, rebates, or other amounts to reward the cardholder for the cardholder's relationship with the entity sponsoring the rewards card, provided that no direct money was paid by the cardholder for the rewards card. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Rule: includes regulation. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Security interest: means a mortgage, lien, or other encumbrance on, or pledge or assignment of, or other security interest with respect to all or any part of pledged facilities, revenues, reserve funds, or other funds established under the bond proceedings, or on, of, or with respect to, a lease, sublease, sale, conditional sale or installment sale agreement, loan agreement, or any other agreement pertaining to the lease, sublease, sale, or other disposition of a project or pertaining to a loan made for a project, or any guaranty or insurance agreement made with respect thereto, or any interest of the issuer therein, or any other interest granted, assigned, or released to secure payments of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any bonds or to secure any other payments to be made by an issuer under the bond proceedings. See Ohio Code 165.01
• Sentencing guidelines: A set of rules and principles established by the United States Sentencing Commission that trial judges use to determine the sentence for a convicted defendant. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Settlement: Parties to a lawsuit resolve their difference without having a trial. Settlements often involve the payment of compensation by one party in satisfaction of the other party's claims.
• state: means the state of Ohio. See Ohio Code 1.59
• state agency: except as otherwise provided in the title, means every organized body, office, or agency established by the laws of the state for the exercise of any function of state government. See Ohio Code 1.60
• state retirement systems: means the public employees retirement system, Ohio police and fire pension fund, state teachers retirement system, school employees retirement system, and state highway patrol retirement system. See Ohio Code 171.01
• Statute: A law passed by a legislature.
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Subpoena: A command to a witness to appear and give testimony.
• Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Supplemental appropriation: Budget authority provided in an appropriations act in addition to regular or continuing appropriations already provided. Supplemental appropriations generally are made to cover emergencies, such as disaster relief, or other needs deemed too urgent to be postponed until the enactment of next year's regular appropriations act.
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Testimony: Evidence presented orally by witnesses during trials or before grand juries.
• Tobacco master settlement agreement: means the settlement agreement (and related documents) entered into on November 23, 1998 by the state and leading United States tobacco product manufacturers. See Ohio Code 183.01
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• transportation logistics and distribution infrastructure purposes: means promoting, providing for, and enabling improvements to the ground, air, and water transportation infrastructure comprising the transportation system in this state, including, without limitation, highways, streets, roads, bridges, railroads carrying freight, and air and water ports and port facilities, and all related supporting facilities. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Trial: A hearing that takes place when the defendant pleads "not guilty" and witnesses are required to come to court to give evidence.
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• Unclaimed funds: means any moneys, rights to moneys, or intangible property, described in section 169. See Ohio Code 169.01
• Undertaking: includes a bond. See Ohio Code 1.02
• United States: includes all the states. See Ohio Code 1.59
• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
• Verdict: The decision of a petit jury or a judge.
• Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
• Voluntary action: means a voluntary action, as defined in section 3746. See Ohio Code 166.01
• Whoever: includes all persons, natural and artificial; partners; principals, agents, and employees; and all officials, public or private. See Ohio Code 1.02