Terms Used In California Codes > Government Code > Title 1 > Division 4 - PUBLIC OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES

• AANHPI: means Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander. See California Education Code 89297
• Abandoned excavation: means any abandoned mining shaft, pit, well, septic tank, cesspool, or other abandoned excavation dangerous to persons legally on the premises where the abandoned excavation is located or to minors under the age of 12 years. See California Government Code 50230
• Acquittal:
  1. Judgement that a criminal defendant has not been proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
  2. A verdict of "not guilty."
   
• act: as used in this division , means the Improvement Bond Act of 1915. See California Streets and Highways Code 9517
• Act: means the California School Finance Authority Act. See California Education Code 17173
• Action: includes a civil action and a criminal action. See California Evidence Code 105
• Adjourn: A motion to adjourn a legislative chamber or a committee, if passed, ends that day's session.
• Administrative officer: means the chief administrative officer, county administrator, county executive, county manager, or other officials employed in the several counties under various titles whose duties and responsibilities are comparable to the officials named herein. See California Government Code 29001
• Adopted budget: means the budget document formally approved by the board of supervisors after the required public hearings and deliberations on the recommended budget. See California Government Code 29001
• Advertisement: means any written or printed communication, including a directory listing, except a free telephone directory listing that does not allow space for a license number. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Advice and consent: Under the Constitution, presidential nominations for executive and judicial posts take effect only when confirmed by the Senate, and international treaties become effective only when the Senate approves them by a two-thirds vote.
• Affinity: signifies the connection existing in consequence of marriage, between each of the married persons and the blood relatives of the other when applied to the marriage relation. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• agency shop: means an arrangement that requires an employee, as a condition of continued employment, either to join the recognized employee organization or to pay the organization a service fee in an amount not to exceed the standard initiation fee, periodic dues, and general assessments of the organization. See California Government Code 3502.5
• Agent: means a county or city board of education or superintendent of schools acting with the board's consent, on behalf of one or more school districts for any purpose of this chapter, the Board of Governors of the California Community Colleges or the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges acting with the Board of Governors' consent, on behalf of one or more community college districts for any purpose of this chapter, and the school district, county office of education, or other chartering entity acting with the consent of, and on behalf of, one or more charter schools for any purpose of this chapter. See California Education Code 17173
• Airport: means any area of land or water designed and set aside for the landing and taking off of aircraft and utilized or to be utilized in the interest of the public for such purposes. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Airport hazard: means any structure or tree or use of land which obstructs the airspace required for the flight of aircraft in landing or taking off at an airport or is otherwise hazardous to such landing or taking off of aircraft. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Airport hazard area: means any area of land or water upon which an airport hazard might be established if not prevented as provided in this article. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Allegation: something that someone says happened.
• ammunition: includes , but is not limited to, any bullet, cartridge, magazine, clip, speed loader, autoloader, ammunition feeding device, or projectile capable of being fired from a firearm with a deadly consequence. See California Penal Code 16150
• ammunition vendor: means any person, firm, corporation, or other business enterprise that holds a current ammunition vendor license issued pursuant to Section 30385. See California Penal Code 16151
• animal: includes :

  California Food and Agricultural Code 21701

• Annuity: A periodic (usually annual) payment of a fixed sum of money for either the life of the recipient or for a fixed number of years. A series of payments under a contract from an insurance company, a trust company, or an individual. Annuity payments are made at regular intervals over a period of more than one full year.
• Answer: The formal written statement by a defendant responding to a civil complaint and setting forth the grounds for defense.
• Appellate: About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgement of another lower court or tribunal.
• Applicant: means a community college district, a campus of the California State University, a campus of the University of California, which may include the college named in Section 92200, or a partnership of campuses across and within the public higher education segments. See California Education Code 17200
• Appraisal: A determination of property value.
• Approved: as used in this article , means the approval of the legislative body of the local agency, as the result of investigation and tests conducted by such agency or by reason of the accepted principles or tests by recognized national or state authorities, technical, or scientific organizations. See California Government Code 50022.1
• Approved program: means a program for the education of physician assistants that has been formally approved by the board. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Arbitration: means a method of resolving a rights dispute under which the parties to a controversy must accept the award of a third party. See California Government Code 3562
• Area: as used in this chapter , means the area served, or proposed to be served, by the works, or proposed works. See California Health and Safety Code 4954
• Armed forces: means the United States Air Force, Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Coast Guard. See California Education Code 45294
• Armed forces: means the United States Air Force, Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Space Force, or Coast Guard. See California Education Code 88113
• Arrest: Taking physical custody of a person by lawful authority.
• assault weapon: means the following designated semiautomatic firearms:

  California Penal Code 30510

• assessed value: means 25 percent of full value to, and including, the 1980-81 fiscal year, and 100 percent of full value for the 1981-82 fiscal year and fiscal years thereafter. See California Government Code 25
• Assets: (1) The property comprising the estate of a deceased person, or (2) the property in a trust account.
• at-risk: means there is evidence of, or there are indications of, any of the following:

  California Penal Code 14215

• Attachment: A procedure by which a person's property is seized to pay judgments levied by the court.
• Attorney-in-fact: A person who, acting as an agent, is given written authorization by another person to transact business for him (her) out of court.
• Audio-video communication: means being able to see, hear, and communicate with another individual in real time using electronic means in a manner that conforms to the requirements of this article and any rules or regulations adopted by the Secretary of State pursuant to this article. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Audio-video recording: means a recording of the audio-video communication of an online notarial act required by Section 8231. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Auditor: means the county auditor or that officer whose responsibilities include those designated in Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 26900) of Division 2. See California Government Code 29001
• Authority: means the Tri-Valley-San Joaquin Valley Regional Rail Authority created under this chapter. See California Public Utilities Code 132651
• Authority: means the High-Speed Rail Authority. See California Public Utilities Code 185012
• Authority: means the California School Finance Authority, or any board, body, commission, department, or officer succeeding to the principal functions of the authority, or to which the powers conferred upon the authority by this chapter shall be given by law. See California Education Code 17173
• Ballot card: means a card or a number of cards upon which are printed, or identified by reference to the ballot, the names of candidates for nomination or election to one or more offices or the ballot titles of one or more measures. See California Elections Code 302
• Ballot label: means :

  California Elections Code 303

• Ballot title and summary: means , for a statewide initiative measure or measure proposed by the Legislature, the summary of the chief purpose and points including the fiscal impact summary of any measure that appears in the state voter information guide. See California Elections Code 303.5
• Bankruptcy: Refers to statutes and judicial proceedings involving persons or businesses that cannot pay their debts and seek the assistance of the court in getting a fresh start. Under the protection of the bankruptcy court, debtors may discharge their debts, perhaps by paying a portion of each debt. Bankruptcy judges preside over these proceedings.
• Baseline: Projection of the receipts, outlays, and other budget amounts that would ensue in the future without any change in existing policy. Baseline projections are used to gauge the extent to which proposed legislation, if enacted into law, would alter current spending and revenue levels.
• Beneficiary: A person who is entitled to receive the benefits or proceeds of a will, trust, insurance policy, retirement plan, annuity, or other contract. ^{Source: OCC}
• Bequest: Property gifted by will.
• Board: means the State Board of Forestry and Fire Protection. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Board: means the governing board of the authority. See California Public Utilities Code 132651
• Board: means the Physician Assistant Board. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Board: means the Respiratory Care Board of California. See California Business and Professions Code 3704
• Board: means the Public Employment Relations Board established pursuant to Section 3541. See California Government Code 3501
• Board: means the Public Employment Relations Board. See California Government Code 3513
• Board: means the State Allocation Board. See California Education Code 17243
• Board: means the board of supervisors of the county, or the same body acting as the governing board of a special district whose affairs and finances are under its supervision and control. See California Government Code 29001
• Board: means the Public Employment Relations Board created pursuant to Section 3541. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Board: means the Public Employment Relations Board established pursuant to Section 3513. See California Government Code 3562
• Board: as used in this chapter , means the board of supervisors of the county in which a district is formed, or in which it is proposed to form a district. See California Health and Safety Code 4862
• board: means the State Public Works Board, and "director" means Director of General Services. See California Government Code 15752
• Board: means the State Public Works Board. See California Government Code 15802
• Board: means the State Allocation Board. See California Education Code 17087
• board: means any entity listed in Section 101, the entities referred to in Sections 1000 and 3600, the State Bar, the Department of Real Estate, and any other state agency that issues a license, certificate, or registration authorizing a person to engage in a business or profession. See California Business and Professions Code 31
• board of supervisors: means the board of supervisors of the county within which the city or territory is situated. See California Government Code 34001
• Bona fide association: means an organization of employees and former employees of an agency of the state and the California State University, and which does not have as one of its purposes representing these employees in their employer-employee relations. See California Government Code 1150
• Bonds: means revenue bonds, notes, including commercial paper notes or other forms of negotiable short-term indebtedness, or bond anticipation notes issued to finance prison facilities, interest during construction of prison facilities, reserve funds, and costs of issuance of the bonds, as the board may determine. See California Government Code 15819.1
• Bonds: as used in this chapter , means revenue bonds authorized by this chapter. See California Health and Safety Code 4956
• book: signifies the recordation of an arrest in official police records, and the taking by the police of fingerprints and photographs of the person arrested, or any of these acts following an arrest. See California Penal Code 7
• Budget resolution: Legislation in the form of a concurrent resolution setting forth the budget. The budget resolution establishes various budget totals, divides spending totals into functional categories (e.g., transportation), and may include reconciliation instructions to designated committees.
• Burden of proof: means the obligation of a party to establish by evidence a requisite degree of belief concerning a fact in the mind of the trier of fact or the court. See California Evidence Code 115
• Bureau: means the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• bureau: means the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services. See California Business and Professions Code 7512.4
• business: includes a proprietorship, partnership, corporation, and any other form of commercial enterprise. See California Vehicle Code 234
• California natural landmark: means property designated by the director as being of state significance to California because it is an outstanding example of major biological and geological features found within the boundaries of the state. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• California Registry of Natural Landmarks: means the official listing of all designated California natural landmarks. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Campus: means a community college district, a campus of the California State University, or a campus of the University of California, which may include the college named in Section 92200. See California Education Code 17200
• candidate: includes any officeholder who is subject to a recall election. See California Elections Code 305
• Capacity expansion projects: means projects that expand the ability of a four-year public postsecondary educational institution to support future California resident enrollment growth. See California Education Code 17200
• Case law: The law as laid down in cases that have been decided in the decisions of the courts.
• Caucus: From the Algonquian Indian language, a caucus meant "to meet together." An informal organization of members of the legislature that exists to discuss issues of mutual concern and possibly to perform legislative research and policy planning for its members. There are regional, political or ideological, ethnic, and economic-based caucuses.
• center: means the Violent Crime Information Center. See California Penal Code 14215
• certificated members: shall mean members who retain membership under this system while employed in positions subject to coverage under the Defined Benefit Program under the State Teachers' Retirement System. See California Government Code 20636.1
• certified employee organization: means an organization that has been certified by the board as the exclusive representative of the public school employees in an appropriate unit after a proceeding under Article 5 (commencing with Section 3544). See California Government Code 3540.1
• chamber load indicator: means a device that plainly indicates that a cartridge is in the firing chamber. See California Penal Code 16380
• Chambers: A judge's office.
• Changes: as used in this chapter shall include corrections, alterations, modifications, additions, omissions, increases or decreases. See California Streets and Highways Code 10350
• Charter school: means a school established pursuant to Part 26. See California Education Code 17173
• Chief: means the Chief of the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• chief: means the Chief of the Bureau of Security and Investigative Services. See California Business and Professions Code 7512.5
• child: is a ny person under 18 years of age. See California Penal Code 14215
• Child support obligee: as used in this chapter means either the parent, guardian, or other person to whom child support has been ordered to be paid or the local child support agency designated by the court to receive the payment. See California Family Code 4550
• Circulating title and summary: means the text that is required to be placed on a petition for signatures that is either one of the following:

  California Elections Code 303.5

• City: means a city or the City and County of San Francisco. See California Public Resources Code 5642
• City: includes city and county and "incorporated town" but does not include "unincorporated town" or "village. See California Public Utilities Code 19
• City: includes "city and county" and "incorporated town. See California Streets and Highways Code 15
• City: includes every city and city and county within this State. See California Vehicle Code 255
• City or county: means any city, county, or city and county. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Civil action: includes civil proceedings. See California Evidence Code 120
• Classification: means that each position in the classified service shall have a designated title, a regular minimum number of assigned hours per day, days per week, and months per year, a specific statement of the duties required to be performed by the employees in each such position, and the regular monthly salary ranges for each such position. See California Education Code 45101
• Classification: means that each position in the classified service shall have a designated title, a regular minimum number of assigned hours per day, days per week, and months per year, a specific statement of the duties required to be performed by the employees in each such position, and the regular monthly salary ranges for each such position. See California Education Code 88001
• Clerk: as used in this chapter , means the clerk of the board of supervisors. See California Health and Safety Code 4863
• Clerk: as used in this chapter , means the clerk or secretary of the governing body or of the district. See California Health and Safety Code 4953
• clerk: means the clerk of a county or the legislative body thereof. See California Government Code 50270.5
• Clerk: means the county elections official, registrar of voters, city clerk, or other officer or board charged with the duty of conducting any election. See California Elections Code 307
• Coastal recreational resources: means those land and water areas adjacent to or in close proximity to the Pacific Ocean which are suitable for public park, beach, or recreational purposes, including, but not limited to, areas of historical significance and areas of open space that complement park, beach, or recreational areas. See California Public Resources Code 5096.123
• Code: means the Code of Fair Campaign Practices. See California Elections Code 20420
• Code: as used in this article , means any statute, or any published compilation of rules, regulations or standards adopted by the federal government or the State of California, or by any agency of either of them. See California Government Code 50022.1
• coin dealer: means any person, firm, partnership, or corporation whose principal business is the buying, selling, and trading of coins, monetized bullion, or commercial grade ingots of gold, or silver, or other precious metals. See California Business and Professions Code 21626
• Collateral: means any specific vehicle, trailer, boat, recreational vehicle, motor home, appliance, or other property that is subject to a security agreement. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Commercial grade ingots: means 0. See California Business and Professions Code 21627
• commercial user: means any person who deals in or engages in the business of selling bunk beds or who otherwise by one's occupation holds oneself out as having knowledge or skill peculiar to bunk beds, or any person who sells bunk beds. See California Health and Safety Code 24532
• Commission: means the Citizens Redistricting Commission in the County of Orange established pursuant to Section 21582. See California Elections Code 21580
• Commission: means the Public Utilities Commission. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• commission: means a county transportation commission created pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 130050). See California Public Utilities Code 130002
• commission: means the California Transportation Commission. See California Public Utilities Code 161001
• Commission: means the Public Utilities Commission created by §. See California Public Utilities Code 20
• commission: means the California Transportation Commission. See California Streets and Highways Code 22
• commissioner: includes a commissioner who is employed pursuant to Section 2124. See California Food and Agricultural Code 2241
• Commissioner: as used in this article , includes the director in any county in which there is no commissioner. See California Food and Agricultural Code 11731
• Commissioner: means any county agricultural commissioner. See California Food and Agricultural Code 26
• committee: means a diversion evaluation committee. See California Business and Professions Code 3534.1
• committee: means the chief administrative officer, auditor, and treasurer, or any other county employee appointed by the board of supervisors. See California Government Code 29831
• Committee membership: Legislators are assigned to specific committees by their party. Seniority, regional balance, and political philosophy are the most prominent factors in the committee assignment process.
• Common law: The legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the United States. It is based on judicial decisions rather than legislative action.
• Compensation: means annual salary, stipend, or bonus, paid by a local agency employer to a local agency executive. See California Government Code 3511.1
• compensation: means the remuneration paid out of funds controlled by the employer in payment for the member's services performed during normal working hours or for time during which the member is excused from work because of any of the following:

  California Government Code 20630

• Complaint: includes a cross-complaint. See California Code of Civil Procedure 587.5
• Concurrent resolution: A legislative measure, designated "S. Con. Res." and numbered consecutively upon introduction, generally employed to address the sentiments of both chambers, to deal with issues or matters affecting both houses, such as a concurrent budget resolution, or to create a temporary joint committee. Concurrent resolutions are not submitted to the President/Governor and thus do not have the force of law.
• Conduct: includes all active and passive behavior, both verbal and nonverbal. See California Evidence Code 125
• Connectivity: means one or more projects necessary to achieve transit connectivity between BART's rapid transit system and the San Joaquin Regional Rail Commission's Altamont Corridor Express commuter rail service, and to provide quality, seamless service to riders using the services operating between the Tri-Valley and the San Joaquin Valley. See California Public Utilities Code 132651
• Construction: includes the extension, enlargement, repair, renovation, restoration, improvement, furnishing, and equipping of any public building. See California Government Code 15802
• Construction: includes :

  California Streets and Highways Code 29

• consultant-evaluator: means a consultant or evaluator who, in the course of that person's profession is loaned firearms from a person licensed pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title 18 of the United States Code and the regulations issued pursuant thereto, for research or evaluation, and has a current certificate of eligibility issued pursuant to Section 26710. See California Penal Code 16410
• Continuance: Putting off of a hearing ot trial until a later time.
• Contractor: means the department, division, or other unit of a person or organization responsible for the performance under the contract. See California Government Code 8351
• Controlled substance: means a controlled substance in schedules I through V of Section 202 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U. See California Government Code 8351
• Controller: means the State Controller. See California Government Code 29001
• converter: is a person, other than a vehicle manufacturer, who, prior to the retail sale of a new vehicle, does any of the following to the vehicle:

  California Vehicle Code 267

• Cost-of-living: means the California Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers as calculated by the Department of Industrial Relations. See California Government Code 3511.1
• County: includes "city and county. See California Corporations Code 14
• County: includes city and county. See California Food and Agricultural Code 29
• County: includes city and county. See California Health and Safety Code 14
• county: includes "city and county". See California Penal Code 7
• County: includes "city and county. See California Public Resources Code 14
• County: includes city and county. See California Public Utilities Code 18
• County: includes "city and county. See California Streets and Highways Code 14
• County: includes every county and city and county within this State. See California Vehicle Code 270
• County: includes city and county. See California Family Code 67
• county highway: means any highway which is:

  California Streets and Highways Code 25

• Credential: means a government-issued record evidencing an individual's identity that satisfies the requirements of paragraph (3) or (4) of subdivision (b) of §. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Credential analysis: means a process or service operating according to the requirements of this article and any rules or regulations adopted by the Secretary of State pursuant to this article, through which a third party affirms the validity of a credential through review of public and proprietary data sources. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Creditor: includes a general creditor, a secured creditor, a lien creditor, and any representative of creditors, including an assignee for the benefit of creditors, a trustee in bankruptcy, a receiver in equity, and an executor or administrator of an insolvent debtor's or assignor's estate. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Crime: means an act committed in this state which, if committed by a competent adult, would constitute a misdemeanor or felony. See California Penal Code 679.01
• Criminal action: includes criminal proceedings. See California Evidence Code 130
• Critically underserved community: means a community that meets either of the following:

  California Public Resources Code 5642

• Damages: Money paid by defendants to successful plaintiffs in civil cases to compensate the plaintiffs for their injuries.
• Dangerous drugs: means any controlled substances as defined in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of . See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Deadly weapon: means and includes any instrument or weapon of the kind commonly known as a firearm. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Dealer: is a person not otherwise expressly excluded by Section 286 who:

  California Vehicle Code 285

• Debtor: means any person obligated under a security agreement. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Decedent: A deceased person.
• Declarant: is a person who makes a statement. See California Evidence Code 135
• Deed: The legal instrument used to transfer title in real property from one person to another.
• Defendant: In a civil suit, the person complained against; in a criminal case, the person accused of the crime.
• Defendant: includes a cross-defendant. See California Code of Civil Procedure 587.5
• Defense attorney: Represent defendants in criminal matters.
• Demotion: means assignment to an inferior position or status, without the employee's written voluntary consent. See California Education Code 45101
• Demotion: means assignment to an inferior position or status without the employee's written voluntary consent. See California Education Code 88001
• Department: means the Department of Parks and Recreation. See California Public Resources Code 5095.2
• Department: means the Department of Parks and Recreation. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Department: means the Department of Housing and Community Development. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• Department: means the Department of Housing and Community Development. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• department: means the Department of Transportation. See California Public Utilities Code 161002
• Department: means the Department of Transportation. See California Public Utilities Code 185012
• Department: means the Department of Consumer Affairs. See California Business and Professions Code 3704
• Department: means the Department of Consumer Affairs. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• department: means the Department of Parks and Recreation and "director" means the Director of Parks and Recreation. See California Public Resources Code 5001.1
• Department: means the Department of Food and Agriculture. See California Food and Agricultural Code 32
• department: means State Department of Health Services. See California Health and Safety Code 20
• Department: means the Department of Transportation of this state. See California Streets and Highways Code 20
• Department: means the Department of Motor Vehicles except, when used in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 2100) of Division 2 and in Divisions 11 (commencing with Section 21000), 12 (commencing with Section 24000), 13 (commencing with Section 29000), 14 (commencing with Section 31600), 14. See California Vehicle Code 290
• department: whenever used in this code , unless the context otherwise requires, means the State Department of Education. See California Education Code 89
• Dependent: A person dependent for support upon another.
• Dependent person: includes any person who is admitted as an inpatient to a 24-hour health facility, as defined in Sections 1250, 1250. See California Evidence Code 177
• Deposition: An oral statement made before an officer authorized by law to administer oaths. Such statements are often taken to examine potential witnesses, to obtain discovery, or to be used later in trial.
• Depository: means an individual or entity that has an active registration with the Secretary of State pursuant to Section 8231. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Devise: To gift property by will.
• direct evidence: means evidence that directly proves a fact, without an inference or presumption, and which in itself, if true, conclusively establishes that fact. See California Evidence Code 410
• Director: means the Director of Fish and Game. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Director: means the Director of Parks and Recreation. See California Public Resources Code 5095.2
• Director: means the Director of Parks and Recreation. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Director: means the Director of Consumer Affairs. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• director: means the Director of Consumer Affairs, unless the context indicates otherwise. See California Business and Professions Code 7512.1
• director: means the Director of Pesticide Regulation. See California Food and Agricultural Code 29080
• Director: means "State Director of Health Services. See California Health and Safety Code 21
• Director: means the director of the department. See California Streets and Highways Code 21
• directors: means natural persons, designated in the articles or bylaws or elected by the incorporators, and their successors and natural persons designated, elected, or appointed by any other name or title to act as members of the governing body of the corporation. See California Corporations Code 5047
• Disability: means a medical condition, mental disability, or physical disability, as those terms are defined in subdivisions (i), (j), and (l) of §. See California Elections Code 354.5
• Disciplinary action: includes any action whereby an employee is deprived of any classification or any incident of any classification in which he has permanence, including dismissal, suspension, demotion, or any reassignment, without his voluntary consent, except a layoff for lack of work or lack of funds. See California Education Code 45101
• Disciplinary action: includes any action whereby an employee is deprived of any classification or any incident of any classification in which he or she has permanence, including dismissal, suspension, demotion, or any reassignment, without his or her voluntary consent, except a layoff for lack of work or lack of funds. See California Education Code 88001
• Discovery: Lawyers' examination, before trial, of facts and documents in possession of the opponents to help the lawyers prepare for trial.
• Dismissal: The dropping of a case by the judge without further consideration or hearing. ^Source:
• dissenting interest: means the interest of a member that satisfies all of the following conditions:

  California Corporations Code 17711.02

• dissenting member: means the recordholder of a dissenting interest, and includes an assignee of record of that interest. See California Corporations Code 17711.02
• Distribution system: means a system of pipes within a mobilehome park operated by a person or corporation, other than a public utility, which is connected to a meter or other measuring device under the control of a privately owned or publicly owned public utility, for purposes of distribution of gas by the operator of a mobilehome park to the tenants of the mobilehome park who are the actual users of the gas furnished through the meter or device to the operator by the public utility. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• Distribution system: means a system of pipes, operated by a person or corporation other than a public utility, serving 10 or more customers, within a citywide area, an apartment house, a condominium, a cluster of homes, a shopping center, a combination of any of the above, a mobilehome park with two or more customers, or any system if a portion of the system is located in a public place, which is connected to a tank or tanks, for the purpose of distribution of propane to the end customers. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• District: means any district authorized to provide park and recreation services, except a school district. See California Public Resources Code 5096.123
• District: means one of the following:

  California Public Resources Code 5642

• district: means the Peninsula Rail Transit District. See California Public Utilities Code 160001
• District: as used in this chapter , means any county sanitation district formed pursuant to this chapter or pursuant to any law which it supersedes. See California Health and Safety Code 4701
• District: as used in this chapter , means a sewer maintenance district formed pursuant to this chapter or pursuant to any law which it supersedes. See California Health and Safety Code 4861
• District: as used in this chapter , includes city, county, city and county, or any municipal or public corporation or district which is authorized to acquire, construct, own, or operate a sewer system. See California Health and Safety Code 4951
• district: means any agency of the state formed pursuant to general law or special act, for the local performance of governmental or proprietary functions within limited boundaries. See California Government Code 1090
• District: means a habitat maintenance assessment district formed pursuant to this article. See California Government Code 50060
• District board: as used in this chapter , means the board of directors of a district. See California Health and Safety Code 4702
• domestic violence: means abuse perpetrated against any of the following persons:

  California Penal Code 16490

• Donee: The recipient of a gift.
• Donor: The person who makes a gift.
• driver: is a person who drives or is in actual physical control of a vehicle. See California Vehicle Code 305
• drop safety requirement for handguns: means that at the conclusion of the firing requirements for handguns described in Section 31905, the same certified independent testing laboratory shall subject the same three handguns of the make and model for which certification is sought, to the following test:

  California Penal Code 31900

• Drug-free workplace: means a site for the performance of work done in connection with a specific grant or contract described in Article 2 (commencing with Section 8355) of an entity at which employees of the entity are prohibited from engaging in the unlawful manufacture, distribution, dispensation, possession, or use of a controlled substance in accordance with the requirements of this chapter. See California Government Code 8351
• Election: means any election including a primary that is provided for under this code. See California Elections Code 318
• Election board: means the board of supervisors of each county, the city council or other governing body of a city, or any board or officer to whom similar powers and duties are given by any charter. See California Elections Code 319
• Elections official: means any of the following:

  California Elections Code 320

• elective officer: includes any officer of the Senate or Assembly who is elected by vote of the members of either or both of the houses of the Legislature, and any appointive officer of a city or county occupying a fixed term of office, as well as officers of the state or contracting agencies elected by the people, and persons elected to a city council or a county board of supervisors. See California Government Code 20322
• Elector: means a person who is a United States citizen 18 years of age or older and, except as specified in subdivision (b), is a resident of an election precinct in this state on or before the day of an election. See California Elections Code 321
• Electrolysis: as used in this chapter includes electrolysis or thermolysis. See California Business and Professions Code 7316
• Electronic: means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Electronic format: includes , but is not limited to, a text message, email, or internet posting. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Electronic funds transfer: The transfer of money between accounts by consumer electronic systems-such as automated teller machines (ATMs) and electronic payment of bills-rather than by check or cash. (Wire transfers, checks, drafts, and paper instruments do not fall into this category.) ^{Source: OCC}
• Electronic journal: means an active sequential record of official acts performed while using an online notarization system performed by a person acting as a notary public authorized to perform online notarization maintained in a secure electronic format according to the requirements of this article and any rules or regulations adopted by the Secretary of State pursuant to this article. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Electronic online notarial certificate: means the part of, or attachment to, an electronic record that is completed by the notary public authorized to perform online notarization and contains both of the following:

  California Government Code 8231.1

• Electronic record: means a record created, generated, sent, communicated, received, or stored by electronic means. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Electronic seal: means information within a notarized electronic record that corresponds to information in notary seals used on paper records and that, where applicable, conforms to the requirement of this article, including, but not limited to, subdivision (b) of Section 8231. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Electronic signature: means an electronic sound, symbol, or process attached to or logically associated with an electronic record and executed or adopted by a person with the intent to sign the electronic record. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Embezzlement: In most states, embezzlement is defined as theft/larceny of assets (money or property) by a person in a position of trust or responsibility over those assets. Embezzlement typically occurs in the employment and corporate settings. ^{Source: OCC}
• Employee: means a civil service employee of the State of California. See California Government Code 3527
• Employee: means the employee of a grantee or contractor directly engaged in the performance of work pursuant to the grant or contract described in Article 2 (commencing with Section 8355) . See California Government Code 8351
• employee: means a person employed by a public school employer except persons elected by popular vote, persons appointed by the Governor of this state, management employees, and confidential employees. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Employee organization: means either of the following:

  California Government Code 3501

• Employee organization: means any organization that includes employees of the state and that has as one of its primary purposes representing these employees in their relations with the state. See California Government Code 3513
• Employee organization: means an organization that includes employees of a public school employer and that has as one of its primary purposes representing those employees in their relations with that public school employer. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Employee organization: means any organization of any kind in which higher education employees participate and that exists for the purpose, in whole or in part, of dealing with higher education employers concerning grievances, labor disputes, wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment of employees. See California Government Code 3562
• Employee organization: means an organization which represents employees of a public employer and that has been recognized or certified by the public employer or the Public Employment Relations Board as the exclusive representative of the employees. See California Government Code 1150
• employer: means the governing board of a school district, a school district, a county board of education, a county superintendent of schools, a charter school that has declared itself a public school employer pursuant to subdivision (b) of §. See California Government Code 3540.1
• encrypted: means rendered unusable, unreadable, or indecipherable to an unauthorized person through a security technology or methodology generally accepted in the field of information security. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Entitlement: A Federal program or provision of law that requires payments to any person or unit of government that meets the eligibility criteria established by law. Entitlements constitute a binding obligation on the part of the Federal Government, and eligible recipients have legal recourse if the obligation is not fulfilled. Social Security and veterans' compensation and pensions are examples of entitlement programs.
• Equitable: Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law." In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy. See damages. A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something. See, e.g., injunction. In American jurisprudence, the federal courts have both legal and equitable power, but the distinction is still an important one. For example, a trial by jury is normally available in "law" cases but not in "equity" cases. ^{Source: U.S. Courts}
• Escheat: Reversion of real or personal property to the state when 1) a person dies without leaving a will and has no heirs, or 2) when the property (such as a bank account) has been inactive for a certain period of time. ^{Source: OCC}
• Escrow: Money given to a third party to be held for payment until certain conditions are met.
• Evidence: means testimony, writings, material objects, or other things presented to the senses that are offered to prove the existence or nonexistence of a fact. See California Evidence Code 140
• Ex officio: Literally, by virtue of one's office.
• Excluded employee: means all managerial employees, as defined in subdivision (e) of Section 3513, all confidential employees, as defined in subdivision (f) of Section 3513, and all supervisory employees, as defined in subdivision (g) of Section 3513, and all civil service employees of the Department of Human Resources, professional employees of the Department of Finance engaged in technical or analytical state budget preparation other than the auditing staff, professional employees in the Personnel/Payroll Services Division of the Controller's office engaged in technical or analytical duties in support of the state's personnel and payroll systems other than the training staff, employees of the Legislative Counsel Bureau, employees of the Bureau of State Audits, employees of the Public Employment Relations Board, conciliators employed by the California State Mediation and Conciliation Service, employees of the office of the State Chief Information Officer except as provided in Section 11546. See California Government Code 3527
• Excluded employee organization: means an organization that includes excluded employees of the state, as defined in subdivision (b), and that has as one of its primary purposes representing its members in employer-employee relations. See California Government Code 3527
• Exclusive representative: means the employee organization recognized or certified as the exclusive negotiating representative of public school employees, as "public school employee" is defined in subdivision (j), in an appropriate unit of a public school employer. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Exclusive representative: means any recognized or certified employee organization or person it authorizes to act on its behalf. See California Government Code 3562
• executed: when used with respect to the documents filed pursuant to this code or pursuant to regulations adopted under this code, and presented to the Secretary of State, include a document bearing a signature under subdivision (a). See California Corporations Code 17.1
• Executive session: A portion of the Senate's daily session in which it considers executive business.
• Executor: A male person named in a will to carry out the decedent
• Executrix: The female counterpart of an executor. See also
• expert: means a physician and surgeon, including a psychiatrist, or any person described by subdivision (b), (c), or (e) of Section 1010. See California Evidence Code 240
• Express written request: means a request made in writing and initiated by a principal to access, use, share, sell, disclose, produce, provide, release, transfer, disseminate, or otherwise communicate the specified information for a specific purpose. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Facilities: includes , but is not limited to, places for organized team sports, outdoor recreation, and informal turf play. See California Public Resources Code 5642
• Facility: includes a place for organized team sports, outdoor recreation, permanent play structures, and multipurpose structures designed to meet the special recreational, educational, vocational, and social needs of youth. See California Public Resources Code 5095.2
• facility: means any works, road, railroad, tramway, power plant, telegraph or telephone line, or other necessary works or structures. See California Government Code 39790
• Fair market value: The price at which an asset would change hands in a transaction between a willing, informed buyer and a willing, informed seller.
• Fair share fee: means the fee deducted by the state employer from the salary or wages of a state employee in an appropriate unit who does not become a member of and financially support the recognized employee organization. See California Government Code 3513
• Family support: means an agreement between the parents, or an order or judgment, that combines child support and spousal support without designating the amount to be paid for child support and the amount to be paid for spousal support. See California Family Code 92
• Federal election: means any presidential election, general election, primary election, or special election held solely or in part for the purpose of selecting, nominating, or electing any candidate for the office of President, Vice President, presidential elector, Member of the United States Senate, or Member of the United States House of Representatives. See California Elections Code 323
• federal pipeline standards: means the federal Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 (49 U. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• federal pipeline standards: means the Federal Natural Gas Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 (49 U. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Federal Reserve System: The central bank of the United States. The Fed, as it is commonly called, regulates the U.S. monetary and financial system. The Federal Reserve System is composed of a central governmental agency in Washington, D.C. (the Board of Governors) and twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks in major cities throughout the United States. ^{Source: OCC}
• Fee: as used in this article , includes, but is not limited to, any application fee, license fee, permit fee, inspection fee, certification fee, registration fee, identification fee, analysis fee, certificate fee, or delinquent fee. See California Food and Agricultural Code 11480
• Fee simple: Absolute title to property with no limitations or restrictions regarding the person who may inherit it.
• Fiduciary: A trustee, executor, or administrator.
• Final budget: means the adopted budget adjusted by all revisions throughout the fiscal year as of June 30. See California Government Code 29001
• Fire suppression: includes firefighting and fire prevention including, but not limited to, vegetation removal or management undertaken, in whole or in part, for the reduction of a fire hazard. See California Government Code 50078.1
• firearm: has the meaning provided in subdivision (a) of Section 16520. See California Penal Code 12001
• firearm: includes the frame or receiver of the weapon, including both a completed frame or receiver, or a firearm precursor part:

  California Penal Code 16520

• firearm safety certificate: means a certificate issued by the Department of Justice pursuant to Sections 31610 to 31700, inclusive, or pursuant to former Article 8 (commencing with Section 12800) of Chapter 6 of Title 2 of Part 4, as that article was operative at any time from January 1, 2003, until it was repealed by the Deadly Weapons Recodification Act of 2010. See California Penal Code 16535
• firing requirement for handguns: means a test in which the manufacturer provides three handguns of the make and model for which certification is sought to an independent testing laboratory certified by the Attorney General pursuant to Section 32010. See California Penal Code 31905
• flechette dart: means a dart, capable of being fired from a firearm, that measures approximately one inch in length, with tail fins that take up approximately five-sixteenths of an inch of the body. See California Penal Code 16570
• Foreclosure: A legal process in which property that is collateral or security for a loan may be sold to help repay the loan when the loan is in default. ^{Source: OCC}
• Forgery: The fraudulent signing or alteration of another's name to an instrument such as a deed, mortgage, or check. The intent of the forgery is to deceive or defraud. ^{Source: OCC}
• Free-flowing: means existing or flowing without artificial impoundment, diversion, or other modification of the river. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Freeway: means a highway in respect to which the owners of abutting lands have no right or easement of access to or from their abutting lands or in respect to which such owners have only limited or restricted right or easement of access. See California Streets and Highways Code 23.5
• Fund: means the State Urban Parks and Healthy Communities Fund. See California Public Resources Code 5095.2
• fund: means the State Parks and Recreation Fund. See California Public Resources Code 5098
• garage: is a building or other place wherein the business of storing or safekeeping vehicles of a type required to be registered under this code and which belong to members of the general public is conducted for compensation. See California Vehicle Code 340
• Garnishment: Generally, garnishment is a court proceeding in which a creditor asks a court to order a third party who owes money to the debtor or otherwise holds assets belonging to the debtor to turn over to the creditor any of the debtor
• Gas: means natural or manufactured gas, except propane, used for light, heat, or power. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• general assignment for the benefit of creditors: means an assignment which satisfies all of the following requirements:

  California Code of Civil Procedure 493.010

• General election: means either of the following:

  California Elections Code 324

• Germane: On the subject of the pending bill or other business; a strict standard of relevance.
• Gift: A voluntary transfer or conveyance of property without consideration, or for less than full and adequate consideration based on fair market value.
• Governing board: means board of school trustees, community college board of trustees, and city, and city and county board of education. See California Education Code 78
• Governing body: as used in this chapter , means the governing body of the district. See California Health and Safety Code 4952
• Grand jury: agreement providing that a lender will delay exercising its rights (in the case of a mortgage,
• Grantee: means the department, division, or other unit of a person or organization responsible for the performance under the grant. See California Government Code 8351
• Grantor: The person who establishes a trust and places property into it.
• Green Party: means the Green Party of California. See California Elections Code 7900
• Guarantor: A party who agrees to be responsible for the payment of another party's debts should that party default. ^{Source: OCC}
• gunsmith: means any person who is licensed as a dealer pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title 18 of the United States Code and the regulations issued pursuant thereto, who is engaged primarily in the business of repairing firearms, or making or fitting special barrels, stocks, or trigger mechanisms to firearms, or the agent or employee of that person. See California Penal Code 16630
• Habeas corpus: A writ that is usually used to bring a prisoner before the court to determine the legality of his imprisonment. It may also be used to bring a person in custody before the court to give testimony, or to be prosecuted.
• handgun: means any pistol, revolver, or firearm capable of being concealed upon the person. See California Penal Code 16640
• handgun safety certificate: means a certificate issued by the Department of Justice pursuant to Sections 31610 to 31700, inclusive, or pursuant to former Article 8 (commencing with Section 12800) of Chapter 6 of Title 2 of Part 4, as that article was operative at any time from January 1, 2003, until it was repealed by the Deadly Weapons Recodification Act of 2010. See California Penal Code 16670
• Health hazard: means any personal effects that if retained would produce an unsanitary or unhealthful condition, or which might damage other personal effects. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• hearing: means the hearing at which a question under this code arises, and not some earlier or later hearing. See California Evidence Code 145
• Hearsay: Statements by a witness who did not see or hear the incident in question but heard about it from someone else. Hearsay is usually not admissible as evidence in court.
• High-speed rail: means intercity passenger rail service that utilizes an alignment and technology that makes it capable of sustained speeds of 200 miles per hour or greater. See California Public Utilities Code 185012
• higher education employee: means any employee, including student employees whose employment is contingent on their status as students, of the Regents of the University of California, the Board of Directors of the college named in §. See California Government Code 3562
• higher education employer: means the Regents of the University of California in the case of the University of California, the Board of Directors of the college named in §. See California Government Code 3562
• highway: includes bridges, culverts, curbs, drains, and all works incidental to highway construction, improvement, and maintenance. See California Streets and Highways Code 23
• Highway: is a way or place of whatever nature, publicly maintained and open to the use of the public for purposes of vehicular travel. See California Vehicle Code 360
• Historical resource: includes , but is not limited to, any building, structure, site, area, or place which is historically or archaeologically significant, or is significant in the architectural, engineering, scientific, economic, agricultural, educational, social, political, military, or cultural annals of California. See California Public Resources Code 5096.123
• hunting license: means a hunting license issued by the Department of Fish and Wildlife pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 3031) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 4 of . See California Penal Code 16685
• Identity proofing: means a process or service operating according to the requirements of this article and any rules or regulations adopted by the Secretary of State pursuant to this article through which a third party affirms the identity of an individual through review of personal information from public or proprietary data sources. See California Government Code 8231.1
• immediate family member: means either of the following relationships:

  California Penal Code 16720

• Impasse: means that the parties to a dispute over matters within the scope of representation have reached a point in meeting and negotiating at which their differences in positions are so substantial or prolonged that future meetings would be futile. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Impasse: means that the parties have reached a point in meeting and conferring at which their differences in positions are such that further meetings would be futile. See California Government Code 3562
• Impeachment: (1) The process of calling something into question, as in "impeaching the testimony of a witness." (2) The constitutional process whereby the House of Representatives may "impeach" (accuse of misconduct) high officers of the federal government for trial in the Senate.
• Improvement: means one or any combination of the following:

  California Government Code 50060

• In forma pauperis: In the manner of a pauper. Permission given to a person to sue without payment of court fees on claim of indigence or poverty.
• Incidental expenses: include all of the following:

  California Government Code 50060

• Indemnification: In general, a collateral contract or assurance under which one person agrees to secure another person against either anticipated financial losses or potential adverse legal consequences. ^{Source: FDIC}
• Injunction: An order of the court prohibiting (or compelling) the performance of a specific act to prevent irreparable damage or injury.
• Inspector: means the supervisor of the precinct board of which he or she is a member. See California Elections Code 325
• instructional aide: means a person employed to assist classroom instructors and other faculty in the performance of their duties and in the supervision of students and in instructional tasks which, in the judgment of the faculty to whom the instructional aide is assigned, may be performed by a person not qualified as a classroom instructor. See California Education Code 88243
• Intangible property: Property that has no intrinsic value, but is merely the evidence of value such as stock certificates, bonds, and promissory notes.
• Interest rate: The amount paid by a borrower to a lender in exchange for the use of the lender's money for a certain period of time. Interest is paid on loans or on debt instruments, such as notes or bonds, either at regular intervals or as part of a lump sum payment when the issue matures. ^{Source: OCC}
• Interrogatories: Written questions asked by one party of an opposing party, who must answer them in writing under oath; a discovery device in a lawsuit.
• Intestate: Dying without leaving a will.
• Joint committee: Committees including membership from both houses of teh legislature. Joint committees are usually established with narrow jurisdictions and normally lack authority to report legislation.
• Joint resolution: A legislative measure which requires the approval of both chambers.
• Joint tenancy: A form of property ownership in which two or more parties hold an undivided interest in the same property that was conveyed under the same instrument at the same time. A joint tenant can sell his (her) interest but not dispose of it by will. Upon the death of a joint tenant, his (her) undivided interest is distributed among the surviving joint tenants.
• Judgment: means a final judgment of any court of competent jurisdiction in this or any other state, or of the United States, against a person as defendant upon a cause of action which arises out of any pest control operation. See California Food and Agricultural Code 11931
• Junk dealer: has the meaning defined in Section 21601. See California Business and Professions Code 21651
• Juror: A person who is on the jury.
• knowingly: import s only a knowledge that the facts exist which bring the act or omission within the provisions of this code. See California Penal Code 7
• Land use regulation: means the regulation by any state or local governmental entity, agency, or official of any activities that take place other than directly on the waters of the segments of the rivers designated in Section 5093. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• large-capacity magazine: means any ammunition feeding device with the capacity to accept more than 10 rounds, but shall not be construed to include any of the following:

  California Penal Code 16740

• law: means any federal law relating to internal revenue. See California Government Code 1170
• Law: includes constitutional, statutory, and decisional law. See California Evidence Code 160
• Lawsuit: A legal action started by a plaintiff against a defendant based on a complaint that the defendant failed to perform a legal duty, resulting in harm to the plaintiff.
• Lease-purchase financing: means the financing of prison facilities from the proceeds of the sale of bonds authorized by the board. See California Government Code 15819.1
• Legal owner: is a person holding the legal title to a vessel under a conditional sale contract, the mortgagee of a vessel, or the renter or lessor of a vessel to the state, or to any county, city, district or political subdivision of the state, under a lease, lease-sale, or rental-purchase agreement which grants possession of the vessel to the lessee for a period of 30 consecutive days or more. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• Legal owner: means a person holding any of the following:

  California Business and Professions Code 7500.1

• legal owner: is a person holding a security interest in a vehicle which is subject to the provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code, or the lessor of a vehicle to the State or to any county, city, district, or political subdivision of the State, or to the United States, under a lease, lease-sale, or rental-purchase agreement which grants possession of the vehicle to the lessee for a period of 30 consecutive days or more. See California Vehicle Code 370
• legislative body: means board of trustees, city council, or other governing body of a city. See California Government Code 34000
• Legislative body: means the city council, board of supervisors, or any other governing body of a local agency. See California Government Code 50060
• Legislative body: means the board of directors, trustees, governors, or any other governing body of a local agency specified in subdivision (b). See California Government Code 50078.1
• Legislative body: means the legislative body of a local agency. See California Government Code 50230
• Legislative body: as used in this division , means board of supervisors in the case of a county or city and county, and city council or board of trustees in the case of a city, unless the context otherwise requires. See California Government Code 50002
• Lessee: means a school district or county superintendent of schools to whom the board has leased a portable classroom pursuant to this chapter. See California Education Code 17087
• Lessor: means the lessor under any prison facilities lease and any trustee on behalf of the lessor. See California Government Code 15819.1
• Lessor: includes "bailor" and "lease" includes "bailment. See California Vehicle Code 372
• license: shall include a permit or a certificate issued by a state agency. See California Penal Code 23
• Licensee: means an individual, partnership, limited liability company, or corporation licensed under this chapter as a repossession agency. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Licensing board: means any board, as defined in Section 22, the State Bar of California, and the Department of Real Estate. See California Business and Professions Code 30
• Lien: A claim against real or personal property in satisfaction of a debt.
• Lineal descendant: Direct descendant of the same ancestors.
• Litigation: A case, controversy, or lawsuit. Participants (plaintiffs and defendants) in lawsuits are called litigants.
• Local agency: means a county, city, whether general law or chartered, city and county, town, school district, municipal corporation, district, political subdivision, or any board, commission, or agency thereof, or other local public agency. See California Government Code 3511.1
• Local agency: as used in this article , means a county, city, city and county, political subdivision, district, or municipal corporation. See California Government Code 1125
• Local agency: means any city, county, or city and county, whether general law or chartered. See California Government Code 50060
• Local agency: means any county, city, city and county, including a charter city or county, or any special district. See California Government Code 50075.5
• Local agency: means any city, county, or city and county, whether general law or chartered, or special district, including a county service area created pursuant to the County Service Area Law (Chapter 2. See California Government Code 50078.1
• Local agency: means a city, a city and county, or a county. See California Government Code 50230
• Local agency: as used in this division means county, city, or city and county, unless the context otherwise requires. See California Government Code 50001
• Local agency executive: means any person employed by a local agency who is not subject to the Meyers-Milias-Brown Act (Chapter 10 (commencing with Section 3500)), Chapter 5 (commencing with Section 45100) of Part 25 of Division 3 of Title 2 of . See California Government Code 3511.1
• Local election: is a municipal, county, or district election. See California Elections Code 328
• Local enforcement agency: means the city, county, or city and county which has assumed the responsibility for the enforcement of Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 18300) of Part 2. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• Local enforcement agency: means the city, county, or city and county that has assumed the responsibility for the enforcement of Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 18300) of Part 2. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• locked container: means a secure container that is fully enclosed and locked by a padlock, keylock, combination lock, or similar locking device. See California Penal Code 16850
• Low-income student: means either of the following:

  California Education Code 17200

• machinegun: means any weapon that shoots, is designed to shoot, or can readily be restored to shoot, automatically more than one shot, without manual reloading, by a single function of the trigger. See California Penal Code 16880
• magazine disconnect mechanism: means a mechanism that prevents a semiautomatic pistol that has a detachable magazine from operating to strike the primer of ammunition in the firing chamber when a detachable magazine is not inserted in the semiautomatic pistol. See California Penal Code 16900
• magistrate: signifies any one of the officers mentioned in Section 808. See California Penal Code 7
• maintenance: means the furnishing of services and materials for the ordinary and usual maintenance, operation, and servicing of any improvement, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

  California Government Code 50060

• maintenance: includes any of the following:

  California Streets and Highways Code 27

• Maintenance of membership: means that all employees who voluntarily are, or who voluntarily become, members of a recognized employee organization shall remain members of that employee organization in good standing for a period as agreed to by the parties pursuant to a memorandum of understanding, commencing with the effective date of the memorandum of understanding. See California Government Code 3513
• malfunction: means a failure to properly feed, fire, or eject a round, or failure of a pistol to accept or eject the magazine, or failure of a pistol's slide to remain open after the magazine has been expended. See California Penal Code 31905
• maliciously: import a wish to vex, annoy, or injure another person, or an intent to do a wrongful act, established either by proof or presumption of law. See California Penal Code 7
• Managerial employee: means any employee having significant responsibilities for formulating or administering policies and programs. See California Government Code 3562
• mandatory supervision: shall mean the portion of a defendant's sentenced term during which time he or she is supervised by the county probation officer pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (5) of subdivision (h) of Section 1170. See California Penal Code 19.9
• mayor: includes president of the legislative body. See California Government Code 34002
• Measure: means any constitutional amendment or other proposition submitted to a popular vote at any election. See California Elections Code 329
• Mediation: means effort by an impartial third party to assist in reconciling a dispute regarding wages, hours and other terms and conditions of employment between representatives of the public agency and the recognized employee organization or recognized employee organizations through interpretation, suggestion and advice. See California Government Code 3501
• Mediation: means effort by an impartial third party to assist in reconciling a dispute regarding wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment between representatives of the public agency and the recognized employee organization or recognized employee organizations through interpretation, suggestion, and advice. See California Government Code 3513
• Mediation: means the efforts of a third person, or persons, functioning as intermediaries, to assist the parties in reaching a voluntary resolution to an impasse. See California Government Code 3562
• Meet and confer: means the performance of the mutual obligation of the higher education employer and the exclusive representative of its employees to meet at reasonable times and to confer in good faith with respect to matters within the scope of representation and to endeavor to reach agreement on matters within the scope of representation. See California Government Code 3562
• Meeting and negotiating: means meeting, conferring, negotiating, and discussing by the exclusive representative and the public school employer in a good faith effort to reach agreement on matters within the scope of representation and the execution, if requested by either party, of a written document incorporating any agreements reached, which document shall, when accepted by the exclusive representative and the public school employer, become binding upon both parties and, notwithstanding Section 3543. See California Government Code 3540.1
• Military or overseas voter: means an elector absent from the county in which he or she is otherwise eligible to vote who is any of the following:

  California Elections Code 300

• missing person: includes , but is not limited to, any of the following:

  California Penal Code 14215

• Mistrial: An invalid trial, caused by fundamental error. When a mistrial is declared, the trial must start again from the selection of the jury.
• Mobilehome: is a structure as defined in §. See California Vehicle Code 396
• month: means a calendar month, unless otherwise expressed. See California Penal Code 7
• Mortgage: The written agreement pledging property to a creditor as collateral for a loan.
• Mortgagee: The person to whom property is mortgaged and who has loaned the money.
• Mortgagor: The person who pledges property to a creditor as collateral for a loan and who receives the money.
• motor vehicle: includes a recreational vehicle as that term is defined in subdivision (a) of §. See California Vehicle Code 415
• motorcycle: is a motor vehicle having a seat or saddle for the use of the rider, designed to travel on not more than three wheels in contact with the ground. See California Vehicle Code 400
• Multiple licensee: means a repossession agency holding more than one repossession license under this chapter, with one fictitious trade style and ownership, conducting repossession business from additional licensed locations other than the location shown on the original license. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• National Bank: A bank that is subject to the supervision of the Comptroller of the Currency. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency is a bureau of the U.S. Treasury Department. A national bank can be recognized because it must have "national" or "national association" in its name. ^{Source: OCC}
• Natural region: means a distinct physiographic province having similar geologic history, structures, and land forms. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Navigable water: includes a harbor, bay, inlet, and estuary. See California Government Code 39930
• New citizen: means any person who meets all requirements of an elector of, and has established residency in, the state, except that he or she will become a United States citizen after the 15th day prior to an election. See California Elections Code 331
• New resident: means a person who meets all requirements of an elector of the State of California except that his or her residency was established subsequent to the 15th day prior to the election. See California Elections Code 332
• new vehicle: is a vehicle constructed entirely from new parts that has never been the subject of a retail sale, or registered with the department, or registered with the appropriate agency or authority of any other state, District of Columbia, territory or possession of the United States, or foreign state, province, or country. See California Vehicle Code 430
• newspaper: includes weekly newspaper, magazine, periodical or other publication. See California Government Code 6075
• Nominate: means the selection, at a state-conducted primary election, of candidates who are entitled by law to participate in the general election for that office, but does not mean any other lawful mechanism that a political party may adopt for the purposes of choosing the candidate who is preferred by the party for a nonpartisan or voter-nominated office. See California Elections Code 332.5
• Nonpartisan office: means an office, except for a voter-nominated office, for which no party may nominate a candidate. See California Elections Code 334
• nonprofit organization: means any nonprofit entity qualified to do business in California, qualified under Section 501(c)(3) of Title 26 of the United States Code, and that has among its primary purposes the preservation, protection, or enhancement of land or water resources in their natural, scenic, historical, agricultural, forested, or open-space condition or use, or the provision of conservation and environmental education and other recreational, vocational, and educational services to youth. See California Public Resources Code 5642
• Nonresident: is a person who is not a resident of this State. See California Vehicle Code 435
• Notarial act: means the performance of an act by an individual that is authorized under the laws of this state, including acts described in Sections 8202, 8205, this article, and Sections 1185 and 1195 of the Civil Code. See California Government Code 8231.1
• notice: includes official advertising, resolutions, orders, or other matter of any nature whatsoever that are required by law to be published in a newspaper of general circulation. See California Government Code 6060
• Notice: includes all papers and orders required to be served in any proceedings before any court, board, or officer, or when required by law to be served independently of such proceeding. See California Government Code 26660
• Noxious weed seed: means the seed or propagule of any species of noxious weed, as defined in Section 5004. See California Food and Agricultural Code 52256
• Oath: A promise to tell the truth.
• Oath: includes an affirmation or declaration. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Oath: includes affirmation or declaration under penalty of perjury. See California Evidence Code 165
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Government Code 15
• Oath: includes affirmation. See California Elections Code 335
• Online notarization platform: means an individual or entity that has an active registration with the Secretary of State pursuant to Section 8231. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Online notarization system: means the computer hardware and software that enable a notary public to do both of the following:

  California Government Code 8231.1

• Open format: means information that is formatted in a manner that is platform independent, machine readable, and made available to the public without restrictions that would impede the reuse of that information. See California Government Code 8231.1
• operating entity: means the entity owning the park land and the facilities thereon. See California Public Resources Code 5400.6
• Operator: is a mobilehome park owner or operator who maintains and operates a master-metered natural gas distribution system. See California Public Utilities Code 4351
• Operator: means the owner of the mobilehome park or the distribution system, or the designated responsible employee, manager, or legal representative. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Operator: as used in this article , means any person, partnership, organization or corporation that controls, manages, conducts or otherwise administers a swap meet. See California Business and Professions Code 21661
• Operator: means any person that is required to be licensed pursuant to this division who is authorized to apply any pest control material or substance by dusting, spraying, or any other manner whereby such material or substance is applied through the medium of aircraft. See California Food and Agricultural Code 11931
• Oral argument: An opportunity for lawyers to summarize their position before the court and also to answer the judges' questions.
• order: include a decree, as appropriate under the circumstances. See California Family Code 100
• Original: means the writing itself or any counterpart intended to have the same effect by a person executing or issuing it. See California Evidence Code 255
• Original bill: A bill which is drafted by a committee. It is introduced by the committee or subcommittee chairman after the committee votes to report it.
• Out-of-state emergency worker: means a voter who is officially engaged in responding to the proclamation of an out-of-state emergency and whose vocation has been identified in an executive order relating to the state of emergency. See California Elections Code 336.7
• Outlays: Outlays are payments made (generally through the issuance of checks or disbursement of cash) to liquidate obligations. Outlays during a fiscal year may be for payment of obligations incurred in prior years or in the same year.
• Oversight: Committee review of the activities of a Federal agency or program.
• Owner: means the person, corporation, or partnership that holds fee simple title to real property, or its agent, or the head of the public agency or subordinate employee of the public agency to whom that authority is delegated, who is responsible for administering publicly owned land and who has presented satisfactory evidence of his or her legal right to represent the interests of the subject land. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Owner: is a person having all the incidents of ownership, including the legal title, of a vessel whether or not such person lends, rents, or pledges such vessel. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• owner: is a person having all the incidents of ownership, including the legal title of a vehicle whether or not such person lends, rents, or creates a security interest in the vehicle. See California Vehicle Code 460
• Paper cast vote record: means an auditable document that corresponds to the selection made on the voter's ballot and lists the contests on the ballot and the voter's selections for those contests. See California Elections Code 305.5
• Participating party: means :

  California Education Code 17173

• Partnership: A voluntary contract between two or more persons to pool some or all of their assets into a business, with the agreement that there will be a proportional sharing of profits and losses.
• Party: means a political party or organization that has qualified for participation in any primary or presidential general election. See California Elections Code 338
• passenger vehicle: is a ny motor vehicle, other than a motortruck, truck tractor, or a bus, as defined in Section 233, and used or maintained for the transportation of persons. See California Vehicle Code 465
• Payrate: means the normal monthly rate of pay or base pay of the member paid in cash to similarly situated members of the same group or class of employment for services rendered on a full-time basis during normal working hours, pursuant to publicly available pay schedules. See California Government Code 20636
• peace officer: signify any one of the officers mentioned in Chapter 4. See California Penal Code 7
• permanent employee: includes tenure in the classification in which the employee passed the required probationary period, and includes all of the incidents of that classification. See California Education Code 45101
• permanent employee: includes tenure in the classification in which the employee passed the required probationary period and includes all of the incidents of that classification. See California Education Code 88001
• Person: includes any individual, partnership, limited liability company, or corporation. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• person: includes a firm, association, corporation, campaign committee or organization. See California Elections Code 20200
• Person: means one or more individuals, organizations, associations, corporations, boards, committees, commissions, agencies, or their representatives. See California Government Code 3562
• person: as used in this article in reference to a person liable to pay a charge includes districts formed for the purpose of constructing or maintaining sewers. See California Government Code 50142
• Person: means any individual, firm, copartnership, corporation, company, association, joint stock association, city or county, or district, and includes any trustee, receiver, or assignee. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See California Corporations Code 18
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, limited liability company, or public entity. See California Evidence Code 175
• Person: means any individual, partnership, association, corporation, limited liability company, or any organized group of persons whether incorporated or not. See California Food and Agricultural Code 38
• Person: means any person, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, limited liability company, or company. See California Health and Safety Code 19
• person: includes a corporation as well as a natural person. See California Penal Code 7
• Person: means any person, firm, partnership, association, corporation, organization, limited liability company, or business trust. See California Streets and Highways Code 19
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, copartnership, association, limited liability company, or corporation. See California Vehicle Code 470
• Person: means an individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, joint venture, government, governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or any other legal or commercial entity. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Person: includes a natural person, firm, association, organization, partnership, business trust, corporation, limited liability company, or public entity. See California Family Code 105
• Personal effects: means any property that is not the property of the legal owner and is not listed on the repossession assignment. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Personal property: All property that is not real property.
• personal property: include money, goods, chattels, things in action, and evidences of debt. See California Penal Code 7
• Pest control operation: means the application of any pest control material or substance by an operator. See California Food and Agricultural Code 11931
• pickup truck: is a motor truck with a manufacturer's gross vehicle weight rating of less than 11,500 pounds, an unladen weight of less than 8,001 pounds, and which is equipped with an open box-type bed not exceeding 9 feet in length. See California Vehicle Code 471
• Plaintiff: includes a cross-complainant. See California Code of Civil Procedure 587.5
• Pleadings: Written statements of the parties in a civil case of their positions. In the federal courts, the principal pleadings are the complaint and the answer.
• pocket bike: is a two-wheeled motorized device that has a seat or saddle for the use of the rider, and that is not designed or manufactured for highway use. See California Vehicle Code 473
• Polling place: means a location where a voter casts a ballot and includes the following terms, as applicable: poll, polling location, and vote center. See California Elections Code 338.5
• Power of attorney: A written instrument which authorizes one person to act as another's agent or attorney. The power of attorney may be for a definite, specific act, or it may be general in nature. The terms of the written power of attorney may specify when it will expire. If not, the power of attorney usually expires when the person granting it dies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Precinct: means a geographical area within a county that is made up of voters and is formed pursuant to Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 12200) of Division 12. See California Elections Code 338.6
• precinct board: means the board appointed by the elections official to serve at a vote center. See California Elections Code 339
• Prejudicial procedural error: means a procedural error that reasonably may be considered to have affected the outcome of the designation process. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• presidential elector: as used in this chapter means an elector of President and Vice President of the United States, and not an elector as defined in Section 321. See California Elections Code 6900
• Presiding officer: A majority-party Senator who presides over the Senate and is charged with maintaining order and decorum, recognizing Members to speak, and interpreting the Senate's rules, practices and precedents.
• Pretrial conference: A meeting of the judge and lawyers to discuss which matters should be presented to the jury, to review evidence and witnesses, to set a timetable, and to discuss the settlement of the case.
• Primary code: as used in this article , means any code which is directly adopted by reference, in whole or in part, by any ordinance passed pursuant to this article. See California Government Code 50022.1
• Primary election: includes all primary nominating elections provided for by this code. See California Elections Code 341
• Principal: means an individual, other than a credible witness pursuant to §. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Prison facilities lease: means any lease of a prison facility entered into by the Director of Corrections with the board pursuant to this chapter. See California Government Code 15819.1
• Prison facility: means real property, fixtures, furnishings, equipment, and related improvements for the following facilities:

  California Government Code 15819.1

• Private building: means and includes any dwelling, outbuilding, or other enclosed structure. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Private law: A private bill enacted into law. Private laws have restricted applicability, often addressing immigration and naturalization issues affecting individuals.
• Private treaty transaction: as used in this division , means the transfer of ownership of cattle or livestock by agreement or contract, at a point other than a destination point. See California Food and Agricultural Code 20026
• Probable cause: A reasonable ground for belief that the offender violated a specific law.
• Probate: Proving a will
• Proceeding: includes an action. See California Family Code 110
• Process: signifies a writ or summons issued in the course of a judicial proceeding. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Process: includes a writ or summons issued in the course of judicial proceedings of either a civil or criminal nature. See California Government Code 22
• Professional employee: means :

  California Government Code 3562

• Program: means the AANHPI Student Achievement Program established pursuant to this article. See California Education Code 89297
• Program manager: means the staff manager of the diversion program, as designated by the executive officer of the board. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Project: means the acquisition, construction, expansion, remodeling, renovation, improvement, furnishing, or equipping of an educational facility to be financed or refinanced pursuant to this chapter. See California Education Code 17173
• Propane: means propane gas, also known as liquid petroleum gas or LPG. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Property: includes all property, real, personal or mixed, tangible or intangible, or any interest therein necessary or desirable for carrying out the purposes of this part. See California Government Code 15802
• Property: includes both real and personal property. See California Evidence Code 185
• property: includes both real and personal property. See California Penal Code 7
• Prosecute: To charge someone with a crime. A prosecutor tries a criminal case on behalf of the government.
• public agency: means every governmental subdivision, every district, every public and quasi-public corporation, every public agency and public service corporation and every town, city, county, city and county and municipal corporation, whether incorporated or not and whether chartered or not. See California Government Code 3501
• Public agency: includes counties, cities, municipal corporations, political subdivisions, public districts, and other public agencies of the state. See California Government Code 1150
• public body: means any county, city and county, city, municipal corporation, political subdivision, school district, or any other public district or public corporation, any public authority, or any agency of any thereof. See California Government Code 1101
• Public building: includes any structure, building, facility, or work that a state agency has jurisdiction of, or is authorized to design or construct, including, but not limited to, infrastructure, parking lots, landscaping, and other ancillary facilities, including furnishings and equipment, incidental to the use of any building, and also includes the site thereof, and any easements or rights of way appurtenant thereto or necessary for its full use. See California Government Code 15802
• Public defender: Represent defendants who can't afford an attorney in criminal matters.
• Public employee: means any person employed by any public agency, including employees of the fire departments and fire services of counties, cities, cities and counties, districts, and other political subdivisions of the state, excepting those persons elected by popular vote or appointed to office by the Governor of this state. See California Government Code 3501
• Public employer: means the state, the Regents of the University of California, the Trustees of the California State University and the California State University, the Judicial Council, a trial court, a county, city, district, public authority, including transit district, public agency, or any other political subdivision or public corporation of the state, except as provided in paragraph (2). See California Government Code 1150
• Public entity: includes a nation, state, county, city and county, city, district, public authority, public agency, or any other political subdivision or public corporation, whether foreign or domestic. See California Evidence Code 200
• public park: includes only a park operated by a public agency. See California Public Resources Code 5400.5
• Public place: means any system supplying two or more customers where any portion is under a public right of way. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• public securities: means any issue of bonds, notes, warrants, or other evidences of indebtedness and the interest coupons, if any, attached thereto, issued by any public body. See California Government Code 1100
• public square: means any area or open space showing on a map or plat of a city, town, or village which has been filed or recorded in the office of the county clerk or county recorder of any county for more than fifty years and which is designated on the map or plat as a "square" or by other similar designation when no other words or insignia appear upon the map or plat showing the purposes for which the square may have been dedicated and when no deed, offer of dedication or other instrument appears of record in the office of the county recorder showing or indicating the purposes for which the same may have been dedicated. See California Government Code 50530
• Published: as used in this article , means issued in printed, lithographed, multigraphed, mimeographed or similar form. See California Government Code 50022.1
• qualified manager: is a person who possesses a valid qualification certificate in accordance with the provisions of Article 5 (commencing with Section 7504) and is in active control or management of, and who is a director of, the licensee's place of business. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Qualified representative of the commissioner: means a deputy commissioner or inspector who holds an appropriate certificate of qualification issued by the director as provided in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 2101) of Division 2 of this code. See California Food and Agricultural Code 39
• Quorum: The number of legislators that must be present to do business.
• range: means the enclosed or unenclosed lands outside of cities, towns, and villages in this state, whether of the public domain or in private ownership, upon which by custom, license, or otherwise, cattle are kept or permitted to roam and feed. See California Food and Agricultural Code 21851
• Rates: as used in this chapter , includes rates and charges. See California Health and Safety Code 4955
• Real estate investment trust: as used in this part means any unincorporated association or trust formed to engage in business and managed by, or under the direction of, one or more trustees for the benefit of the holders or owners (hereinafter in this part "shareowners") of transferable shares of beneficial interest in the trust estate (hereinafter in this part "shares") and that meets one of the following two tests:

  California Corporations Code 23000

• Real property: Land, and all immovable fixtures erected on, growing on, or affixed to the land.
• Real property: as used in this article is coextensive with lands, tenements, and hereditaments and includes land, any interest or estate in land, and any servitude upon land. See California Government Code 50301
• Recess: A temporary interruption of the legislative business.
• Reclassification: means the upgrading of a position to a higher classification as a result of the gradual increase of the duties being performed by the incumbent in such position. See California Education Code 45101
• Reclassification: means the upgrading of a position to a higher classification as a result of the gradual increase of the duties being performed by the incumbent in that position. See California Education Code 88001
• Recognized employee organization: means an employee organization which has been formally acknowledged by the public agency as an employee organization that represents employees of the public agency. See California Government Code 3501
• Recognized employee organization: means an employee organization that has been recognized by the state as the exclusive representative of the employees in an appropriate unit. See California Government Code 3513
• recognized employee organization: means an employee organization that has been recognized by an employer as the exclusive representative pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 3544). See California Government Code 3540.1
• Recommended budget: means the budget document recommended to the board of supervisors by the designated county official. See California Government Code 29001
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in both physical and electronic form. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Record: means information that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and is retrievable in perceivable form. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Records of online notarial acts: means , collectively, the electronic journal entries required by Section 8231. See California Government Code 8231.1
• Recourse: An arrangement in which a bank retains, in form or in substance, any credit risk directly or indirectly associated with an asset it has sold (in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles) that exceeds a pro rata share of the bank's claim on the asset. If a bank has no claim on an asset it has sold, then the retention of any credit risk is recourse. ^{Source: FDIC}
• refuse: shall include all of the following: (a) animal, fruit and vegetable refuse. See California Health and Safety Code 4740
• Registered: as used in this article , means endorsed and signed by the county treasurer. See California Government Code 29871
• Registered owner: means the individual listed in the records of the Department of Motor Vehicles, on a conditional sales contract, or on an assignment or a repossession order, as the registered owner. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• registered owner: is a person registered by the department as the owner of a vehicle. See California Vehicle Code 505
• Registrant: means a person registered under this chapter. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Regular election: is a n election, the specific time for the holding of which is prescribed by law. See California Elections Code 348
• Regulations: means the rules and regulations as set forth in Division 13. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Relevant evidence: means evidence, including evidence relevant to the credibility of a witness or hearsay declarant, having any tendency in reason to prove or disprove any disputed fact that is of consequence to the determination of the action. See California Evidence Code 210
• Remand: When an appellate court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
• Remote accessible vote by mail system: means a mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic system and its software that is used for the sole purpose of marking an electronic vote by mail ballot for a voter who shall print the paper cast vote record to be submitted to the elections official. See California Elections Code 303.3
• remote interest: means any of the following:

  California Government Code 1091

• Remote presentation: means transmission to the notary public through audio-video communication of an image of a government-issued identification that complies with paragraph (3) or (4) of subdivision (b) of §. See California Government Code 8231.1
• renter: is a person who is engaged in the business of renting, leasing or bailing vehicles for a term not exceeding four months and for a fixed rate or price. See California Vehicle Code 508
• repair shop: is a place where vehicles subject to registration under this code are repaired, rebuilt, reconditioned, repainted, or in any way maintained for the public at a charge. See California Vehicle Code 510
• Reporter: Makes a record of court proceedings and prepares a transcript, and also publishes the court's opinions or decisions (in the courts of appeals).
• Repossession: means any of the following:

  California Business and Professions Code 7500.1

• repossession order: means any written authorization by the legal owner, lienholder, lessor, lessee, or registered owner, or the agent of any of them, to skip trace, locate, or repossess any collateral, including, but not limited to, collateral registered under the Vehicle Code that is subject to a security agreement that contains a repossession clause. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Representative: means a public or private individual, agency, or organization that is performing actions related to the identification, evaluation, designation, or monitoring of a California natural landmark, on behalf of or in cooperation with the department, either under a contractual agreement or in a volunteer capacity. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• representative: is a ny person regularly employed by a manufacturer or distributor for the purpose of negotiating or promoting the sale of the manufacturer's or distributer's vehicles to their franchisees or for regularly supervising or contacting franchisees or prospective franchisees in this state for any purpose. See California Vehicle Code 512
• Representative: means a person empowered to act for another, including an agent, an officer of a corporation or association, and a trustee, executor, or administrator of an estate. See California Commercial Code 1201
• Rescission: The cancellation of budget authority previously provided by Congress. The Impoundment Control Act of 1974 specifies that the President may propose to Congress that funds be rescinded. If both Houses have not approved a rescission proposal (by passing legislation) within 45 days of continuous session, any funds being withheld must be made available for obligation.
• Resident: means any person who manifests an intent to live or be located in this state on more than a temporary or transient basis. See California Vehicle Code 516
• Resources Agency: means the Secretary of the Resources Agency and any constituent units of the Resources Agency that the secretary determines to be necessary to accomplish the purposes of this chapter. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Respiratory care: includes "respiratory therapy" or "inhalation therapy" where those terms mean respiratory care. See California Business and Professions Code 3704
• Respiratory therapy school: means a program reviewed and approved by the board. See California Business and Professions Code 3704
• Restitution: The court-ordered payment of money by the defendant to the victim for damages caused by the criminal action.
• revenue bonds: means bonds, notes, lease obligations, certificates of participation, commercial paper, and any other evidences of indebtedness. See California Education Code 17173
• Right: includes remedy. See California Commercial Code 1201
• River: means the water, bed, and shoreline of rivers, streams, channels, lakes, bays, estuaries, marshes, wetlands, and lagoons, up to the first line of permanently established riparian vegetation. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Road: means any existing vehicle route established before January 1, 1979, with significant evidence of prior regular travel by vehicles subject to registration pursuant to Article 1 (commencing with Section 4000) of Chapter 1 of Division 3. See California Vehicle Code 527
• Roster: means the official list of voters for an election, which may be in paper or electronic form. See California Elections Code 349.5
• safety: is a utomatically applied by the pistol, this feature shall not be defeated. See California Penal Code 31900
• school district with an anticipated increase in enrollment: means a school district in which the level of enrollment is projected by the district to be higher during any of the five years, including the year in which the projection is made, than the year preceding the year in which the projection is made. See California Education Code 17243
• School measure: means any proposition, including but not limited to, a proposal for the issuance of bonds by a school district or community college district, an increase in the maximum tax rate of a school district or community college district, or the acceptance, expenditure, and repayment of state funds by a school district or community college district to enable the district to construct buildings and other facilities, submitted to the voters of the district at any election held in the district. See California Elections Code 350
• Scientist: means a person whose combination of academic training and professional field experience in the natural region qualifies him or her to identify and comparatively evaluate a natural area at the regional or state level. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• scope of representation: means , and is limited to, wages, hours of employment, and other terms and conditions of employment. See California Government Code 3562
• seal: includes an impression of such seal upon the paper alone, or upon any substance attached to the paper capable of receiving a visible impression. See California Penal Code 7
• Secondary code: as used in this article , means any code which is incorporated by reference, directly or indirectly, in whole or in part, in any primary code or in any secondary code. See California Government Code 50022.1
• secondhand dealer: as used in this article , means and includes any person, copartnership, firm, or corporation whose business includes buying, selling, trading, taking in pawn, accepting for sale on consignment, accepting for auctioning, or auctioning secondhand tangible personal property. See California Business and Professions Code 21626
• Secondhand dealer: has the meaning defined in Section 21626. See California Business and Professions Code 21651
• Secretary: means the Secretary of the Resources Agency. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• secretary: means the Secretary of Transportation. See California Public Utilities Code 161003
• Secretary: means the Secretary of Food and Agriculture. See California Food and Agricultural Code 35
• Secured area: means and includes any fenced and locked area. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Security agreement: means an obligation, pledge, mortgage, chattel mortgage, lease agreement, deposit, or lien, given by a debtor as security for payment or performance of a debt, by furnishing the creditor with a recourse to be used in case of failure in the principal obligation. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Security interest: includes any interest of a consignor and a buyer of accounts, chattel paper, a payment intangible, or a promissory note in a transaction that is subject to Division 9 (commencing with Section 9101). See California Commercial Code 1201
• Segment: means the public higher education segments of California, which are the University of California, the California State University, or the California Community Colleges. See California Education Code 17200
• sell: means remanufacturing, retrofitting, selling, contracting to sell or resell, leasing, subletting, or otherwise placing in the stream of commerce. See California Health and Safety Code 24532
• Sell: includes offer for sale, expose for sale, possess for sale, exchange, barter, or trade. See California Food and Agricultural Code 44
• series: includes all other models that are only variations, with minor differences, of those models listed in subdivision (a), regardless of the manufacturer. See California Penal Code 30510
• Service of process: The service of writs or summonses to the appropriate party.
• Services: means any duty or labor to be rendered by one person for another. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Sewers: as used in this chapter includes lateral and collecting sewers, septic tanks and all other means of handling, gathering and disposing of sewage in the district. See California Health and Safety Code 4866
• Sheriff: includes marshal. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• short-barreled rifle: means any of the following:

  California Penal Code 17170

• short-barreled shotgun: means any of the following:

  California Penal Code 17180

• Signature: includes mark when the signer cannot write, such signer's name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer's name. See California Corporations Code 17
• Signature: includes either of the following:

  California Elections Code 354.5

• Signature stamp: means a stamp that contains the impression of any of the following:

  California Elections Code 354.5

• Software: includes all programs, voting devices, cards, ballot cards or papers, operating manuals or instructions, test procedures, printouts, and other nonmechanical or nonelectrical items necessary to the operation of a voting system. See California Elections Code 355
• Sole ownership: The type of property ownership in which one individual holds legal title to the property and has full control of it.
• Special district: means an agency of the state, formed pursuant to general law or a special act, for the performance of governmental or proprietary functions, with limited geographic boundaries, including, but not limited to, a school district and a community college district. See California Government Code 50075.5
• Special election: is a n election, the specific time for the holding of which is not prescribed by law. See California Elections Code 356
• Special treatment areas: means , for purposes of this chapter, those areas defined as special treatment areas in Section 895. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• Spousal support: means support of the spouse of the obligor. See California Family Code 142
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Business and Professions Code 14.2
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Evidence Code 215
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Government Code 12.2
• spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Penal Code 7
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Public Utilities Code 12.2
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by §. See California Elections Code 356.5
• Spouse: includes "registered domestic partner" as required by Section 297. See California Family Code 143
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Evidence Code 220
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Health and Safety Code 23
• state: when applied to the different parts of the United States, includes the District of Columbia and the territories, and the words "United States" may include the district and territories. See California Penal Code 7
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Public Utilities Code 17
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See California Commercial Code 1201
• State: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, or a commonwealth, territory, or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See California Family Code 145
• State: means the State of California, unless applied to the different parts of the United States. See California Education Code 77
• State agency: includes every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, authority, and commission. See California Business and Professions Code 3704
• State agency: includes any state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, commission, organization, or agency including, without limitation, the University of California, the California State University, the California Community Colleges, and the Judicial Council. See California Government Code 15802
• state agency: includes every state office, officer, department, division, bureau, board, and commission. See California Government Code 11000
• state agency: shall include any state board, commission, bureau, or division created pursuant to the provisions of the Business and Professions Code, the Education Code, or the Chiropractic Initiative Act to license and regulate individuals who engage in certain businesses and professions. See California Penal Code 23
• State employee: means any civil service employee of the state, and the teaching staff of schools under the jurisdiction of the State Department of Education or the Superintendent of Public Instruction, except managerial employees, confidential employees, supervisory employees, employees of the Department of Human Resources, professional employees of the Department of Finance engaged in technical or analytical state budget preparation other than the auditing staff, professional employees in the Personnel/Payroll Services Division of the Controller's office engaged in technical or analytical duties in support of the state's personnel and payroll systems other than the training staff, employees of the Legislative Counsel Bureau, employees of the Bureau of State Audits, employees of the office of the Inspector General, employees of the board, conciliators employed by the California State Mediation and Conciliation Service, employees of the Office of the State Chief Information Officer except as otherwise provided in Section 11546. See California Government Code 3513
• State employee: means all persons who receive wages for services through the uniform payroll system established and administered by the Controller under Section 12470. See California Government Code 1150
• State highway: means any highway which is acquired, laid out, constructed, improved or maintained as a State highway pursuant to constitutional or legislative authorization. See California Streets and Highways Code 24
• state lands: means lands owned by, or under the jurisdiction of, the state or any state agency. See California Public Resources Code 5097
• State of California: as used in this chapter includes those state agencies, boards, and commissions as may be designated by law that employ civil service employees, except the University of California, the college named in §. See California Government Code 3527
• State of principal use: means the state on which waters a vessel is used or intended to be used most during a calendar year. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• State School Building Aid Fund: means that fund established pursuant to Section 16096. See California Education Code 17087
• State significance: means property that is one of the best examples of a biological community or geological feature within a natural region of the state, including a terrestrial community, land form, geological feature and process, habitat of native plant and animal species, or fossil evidence of the development of life. See California Public Resources Code 5861
• Statement: means (a) oral or written verbal expression or (b) nonverbal conduct of a person intended by him as a substitute for oral or written verbal expression. See California Evidence Code 225
• Statewide election: is a n election held throughout the state. See California Elections Code 357
• Statute: includes a treaty and a constitutional provision. See California Evidence Code 230
• Statute of limitations: A law that sets the time within which parties must take action to enforce their rights.
• Statutes at large: A chronological listing of the laws enacted each Congress. They are published in volumes numbered by Congress.
• Structure: means any object constructed or installed by man, including, but without limitation, buildings, towers, smokestacks, and overhead lines. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Student housing project: means one or more housing facilities to be occupied by students of one or more campuses. See California Education Code 17200
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Food and Agricultural Code 49
• Subdivision: means a subdivision of the section in which that term occurs unless some other section is expressly mentioned. See California Public Utilities Code 10
• Subpoena duces tecum: A command to a witness to produce documents.
• subscription: includes mark when the signer or subscriber can not write, such signer's or subscriber's name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer's or subscriber's name. See California Government Code 16
• subscription: includes mark when the signer or subscriber cannot write, such signer's or subscriber's name being written near the mark by a witness who writes his own name near the signer's or subscriber's name. See California Vehicle Code 17
• Summons: Another word for subpoena used by the criminal justice system.
• Superintendent: means street superintendent, his assistants and deputies, or other public officer designated by the legislative body to perform the duties imposed by this article upon the superintendent. See California Government Code 50230
• supervising physician and surgeon: means a physician and surgeon licensed by the Medical Board of California or by the Osteopathic Medical Board of California who supervises one or more physician assistants, who possesses a current valid license to practice medicine, and who is not currently on disciplinary probation prohibiting the employment or supervision of a physician assistant. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Supervision: means that a licensed physician and surgeon oversees the activities of, and accepts responsibility for, the medical services rendered by a physician assistant. See California Business and Professions Code 3501
• Supervisory employee organization: means an organization that represents members who are supervisory employees under subdivision (g) of Section 3513. See California Government Code 3527
• Supplier: means a person or corporation, other than a public utility, who sells propane and arranges for its delivery to the operator's tank. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Support: refers to a support obligation owing on behalf of a child, spouse, or family, or an amount owing pursuant to Section 17402. See California Family Code 150
• Support order: means a judgment or order of support in favor of an obligee, whether temporary or final, or subject to modification, termination, or remission, regardless of the kind of action or proceeding in which it is entered. See California Family Code 155
• swap meet: as used in this article , includes a flea market or an open-air market and means an event, regardless of the number of persons offering or displaying personal property or the absence of fees, at which used personal property is offered or displayed for sale or exchange if the event is held more than six times in any 12-month period. See California Business and Professions Code 21661
• System: means the California Wild and Scenic Rivers System. See California Public Resources Code 5093.52
• tangible personal property: means all secondhand tangible personal property that bears a serial number or personalized initials or inscription or that, at the time it is acquired by the secondhand dealer, bears evidence of having had a serial number or personalized initials or inscription. See California Business and Professions Code 21627
• Tank: means a vessel for the storage and distribution of propane. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Temporary restraining order: Prohibits a person from an action that is likely to cause irreparable harm. This differs from an injunction in that it may be granted immediately, without notice to the opposing party, and without a hearing. It is intended to last only until a hearing can be held.
• Tenancy in common: A type of property ownership in which two or more individuals have an undivided interest in property. At the death of one tenant in common, his (her) fractional percentage of ownership in the property passes to the decedent
• Testify: Answer questions in court.
• Tidelands: includes submerged lands. See California Government Code 39930
• Title IV-D: means Title IV-D of the federal Social Security Act (42 U. See California Family Code 4252
• Tort: A civil wrong or breach of a duty to another person, as outlined by law. A very common tort is negligent operation of a motor vehicle that results in property damage and personal injury in an automobile accident.
• Town: includes "unincorporated town" and "village. See California Government Code 21
• trailer: includes a semitrailer when used in conjunction with an auxiliary dolly, if the auxiliary dolly is of a type constructed to replace the function of the drawbar and the front axle or axles of a trailer. See California Vehicle Code 630
• Transcript: A written, word-for-word record of what was said, either in a proceeding such as a trial or during some other conversation, as in a transcript of a hearing or oral deposition.
• transferee: is a person who has acquired the sole ownership of or an equity in a vehicle of a type required to be registered under this code. See California Vehicle Code 640
• transportation corridor: means an area or one or more parcels of land that meets any of the following requirements:

  California Public Utilities Code 161004

• Treasurer: as used in this chapter , means the treasurer of the district. See California Health and Safety Code 4957
• Tree: means any object of natural growth. See California Government Code 50485.1
• Trier of fact: includes (a) the jury and (b) the court when the court is trying an issue of fact other than one relating to the admissibility of evidence. See California Evidence Code 235
• Trust account: A general term that covers all types of accounts in a trust department, such as estates, guardianships, and agencies. ^{Source: OCC}
• Trust fund: means the propane safety inspection and enforcement trust fund established pursuant to Section 4462. See California Public Utilities Code 4451
• Trustee: A person or institution holding and administering property in trust.
• trustees: means the Trustees of the California State University, created under Section 66600. See California Education Code 89000
• Trustor: The person who makes or creates a trust. Also known as the grantor or settlor.
• unavailable: means that an officer is either killed, missing, or so seriously injured as to be unable to attend meetings and otherwise perform his duties. See California Government Code 8636
• unconventional pistol: means a firearm with both of the following characteristics:

  California Penal Code 17270

• Undocumented vessel: means any vessel which is not required to have and does not have a valid marine document issued by the Bureau of Customs of the United States or any federal agency successor thereto. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• Uniform Commercial Code: A set of statutes enacted by the various states to provide consistency among the states' commercial laws. It includes negotiable instruments, sales, stock transfers, trust and warehouse receipts, and bills of lading. ^{Source: OCC}
• United States: means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any territory or insular possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. See California Government Code 8231.1
• unsafe handgun: means any pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person, for which any of the following is true:

  California Penal Code 31910

• Uphold: The decision of an appellate court not to reverse a lower court decision.
• Urbanized or heavily urbanized local agencies: include cities, counties, or a city and county, or special districts as determined by the Department of Finance according to the latest verifiable census data pursuant to subdivisions (c) and (d) of Section 5621. See California Public Resources Code 5095.2
• Use: means operate, navigate, or employ. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• User fees: Fees charged to users of goods or services provided by the government. In levying or authorizing these fees, the legislature determines whether the revenue should go into the treasury or should be available to the agency providing the goods or services.
• Variable Rate: Having a "variable" rate means that the APR changes from time to time based on fluctuations in an external rate, normally the Prime Rate. This external rate is known as the "index." If the index changes, the variable rate normally changes. Also see Fixed Rate.
• vehicle: is a device by which any person or property may be propelled, moved, or drawn upon a highway, excepting a device moved exclusively by human power or used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks. See California Vehicle Code 670
• Vehicle manufacturer: is a ny person who produces from raw materials or new basic components a vehicle of a type subject to registration under this code, off-highway motorcycles or all-terrain vehicles subject to identification under this code, or trailers subject to identification pursuant to Section 5014. See California Vehicle Code 672
• Vendor: as used in this article , means any person, partnership, organization or corporation who exchanges, sells, or offers for sale or exchange any merchandise at a swap meet. See California Business and Professions Code 21661
• Vessel: includes every description of watercraft used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on water, except the following:

  California Vehicle Code 9840

• vessel: means a vessel as defined in subdivision (c) of §. See California Penal Code 7
• Veteran: as used in this article means any person who has served in the United States armed forces in time of war, or national emergency declared by the President of the United States of America, and who has been discharged or released under conditions other than dishonorable, proof of which shall be submitted to the commission at the time of the examination. See California Education Code 45294
• Veteran: as used in this article means any person who has served in the United States armed forces in time of war, or national emergency declared by the President of the United States of America, and who has been discharged or released under conditions other than dishonorable, proof of which shall be submitted to the commission at the time of the examination. See California Education Code 88113
• Veto: The procedure established under the Constitution by which the President/Governor refuses to approve a bill or joint resolution and thus prevents its enactment into law. A regular veto occurs when the President/Governor returns the legislation to the house in which it originated. The President/Governor usually returns a vetoed bill with a message indicating his reasons for rejecting the measure. In Congress, the veto can be overridden only by a two-thirds vote in both the Senate and the House.
• Victim: means a person against whom a crime has been committed. See California Penal Code 679.01
• Victim advocate: work with prosecutors and assist the victims of a crime.
• Victim Impact Statement: A written or spoken statement by the victim or his or her representative about the physical, emotional, and financial impact of a crime on the victim. The statement is given to the court before sentencing.
• Violent act: means any act that results in bodily harm or injury to any party involved during the repossession up until the time the repossessor is back in their vehicle. See California Business and Professions Code 7500.1
• Volunteer: means any person who, of his own free will, provides goods or services, without any financial gain, to any state agency, as defined in Section 11000. See California Government Code 3111
• Vote center: means a location established for holding elections that offers the services described in Sections 2170 and 4005. See California Elections Code 357.5
• Voter: means any elector who is registered under this code. See California Elections Code 359
• Voter list: means the list of registered voters in a single or consolidated precinct or in an entire county. See California Elections Code 359.2
• Voter-nominated office: means a congressional or state elective office for which a candidate may choose to have his or her party preference or lack of party preference indicated upon the ballot. See California Elections Code 359.5
• Voting device: means any device used in conjunction with a ballot card or cards to indicate the choice of the voter by marking, punching, or slotting the ballot card. See California Elections Code 360
• Voting system: means a mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic system and its software, or any combination of these used for casting a ballot, tabulating votes, or both. See California Elections Code 362
• Waters of this state: means any waters within the territorial limits of this state. See California Vehicle Code 9840
• Weeds: as used in this article , includes any of the following:

  California Government Code 39561.5

• wholesaler: means any person who is licensed as a dealer pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title 18 of the United States Code and the regulations issued pursuant thereto, who sells, transfers, or assigns firearms, or parts of firearms, to persons who are licensed as manufacturers, importers, or gunsmiths pursuant to Chapter 44 (commencing with Section 921) of Title 18 of the United States Code, or persons licensed pursuant to Sections 26700 to 26915, inclusive, and includes persons who receive finished parts of firearms and assemble them into completed or partially completed firearms in furtherance of that purpose. See California Penal Code 17340
• will: includes codicil. See California Civil Code 14
• will: includes codicil. See California Penal Code 7
• willfully: when applied to the intent with which an act is done or omitted, implies simply a purpose or willingness to commit the act, or make the omission referred to. See California Penal Code 7
• Witness: means any person who has been or is expected to testify for the prosecution, or who, by reason of having relevant information, is subject to call or likely to be called as a witness for the prosecution, whether or not any action or proceeding has yet been commenced. See California Penal Code 679.01
• Working capital: means funds to be used by, or on behalf of, a participating party to pay maintenance or operating expenses, or any other costs that would be treated as an expense item under generally accepted accounting principles in connection with the ownership or operation of an educational facility, including, but not limited to, all of the following:

  California Education Code 17173

• Works: as used in this chapter , includes any or all of the following facilities, including, but not limited to, necessary lands, rights-of-way, or other property:

  California Health and Safety Code 4950

• Writ: A formal written command, issued from the court, requiring the performance of a specific act.
• Writ: means an order or precept in writing, issued in the name of the people, or of a court or judicial officer. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Writing: includes printing and typewriting. See California Code of Civil Procedure 17
• Writing: means handwriting, typewriting, printing, photostating, photographing, photocopying, transmitting by electronic mail or facsimile, and every other means of recording upon any tangible thing, any form of communication or representation, including letters, words, pictures, sounds, or symbols, or combinations thereof, and any record thereby created, regardless of the manner in which the record has been stored. See California Evidence Code 250